蚂蚁怒了

Steve建议的顶级目标的名称及内容。

目标的名字	内容
Build	构建应用系统
Test	运行JUnit测试
Clean	清空输出目录
Deploy	将jar或war等文件装载到执行系统中
Publish	输出源代码和二进制文件到发布站点
Fetch	从CVS树得到最新源代码
docs/javadocs	输出文档文件
All	执行clean, fetch,build,test,dos/javadocs, deploy
Main	默认的构建过程

内建目标的名称	内容
Init	初始化特性和执行其他初始化任务，读取个性化特性文件
Init-debug	初始化调试特性
Init-release	初始化发布特性
Compile	执行实际编译
link/jar	建立jar文件或等价文件
Staging	在将应用程序转移到产品站点前执行预部署过程及测试

简单项目的开发目录结构

目录名	内容
bin	存放普通的二进制文件和脚本文件
build	用以存放构建结果的目录树，由ant创建且可以被"clean"目标清空
dist	用以存放可发布的开发结果，由ant创建且可以被"clean"目标清空
doc	手写文档
lib	存放在构建应用系统时需要装入的java库
src	存放java原码，目录的层次结构要符合包命名的要求。

ANT任务(ant tasks)一览

档案类任务
Audit/Coverage Tasks
编译类任务
部署类任务
文档类任务
EJB类任务
执行类任务
文件类任务
Java2扩展类任务
日志类任务
邮件类任务
其它杂类任务
.NET类任务
预编译类任务
属性类类任务
远程类任务
SCM(软件控制管理)类任务
测试类
Visual Age for Java类任务 Tasks

档案类任务 [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

BUnzip2	解压缩用GZip 或 BZip2打包的文件.
BZip2	用GZip 或 BZip2 算法将一些文件打包。这个任务不作依赖性检查，总会产生一个输出文件。
Cab	生成 Microsoft CAB 格式的文件. 它同Jar or Zip 任务那样运行. 这个任务在windows平台上调用一个外部工具 cabarc (M$提供的), 因此这个工具必须在搜索路径上可以找到。
Ear	An extension of the Jar task with special treatment for files that should end up in an Enterprise Application archive.
GUnzip	解压缩一个GZip文件.
GZip	将一些文件用GZip打包.
Jar	将一些文件用Jar打包.
Jlink	不赞成使用此任务. 请使用 Jar 或 Zip 任务的 zipfileset 和 zipgroupfileset 属性代替.
Manifest	生成一个清单文件.
Rpm	加载rpm 程序来构建一个linux安装文件. 这个任务目前只运行在linux以及支持rpm的unix平台上。
SignJar	利用命令行工具javasign 来对一个zip或jar文件进行数字签名。
Tar	生成一个tar文件.
Unjar	解压缩一个jar文件.
Untar	展开一个tar文件中包含的文件.
Unwar	解压缩一个war文件.
Unzip	解压缩一个zip文件.
War	An extension of the Jar task with special treatment for files that should end up in the WEB-INF/lib , WEB-INF/classes , or WEB-INF directories of the Web Application Archive.
Zip	生成一个zip文件.

Audit/Coverage Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

JDepend	Invokes the JDepend parser. This parser "traverses a set of Java source-file directories and generates design-quality metrics for each Java package".
JProbe	These tasks run the tools from the JProbe suite. This task was written using JProbe Suite Server Side 3.0.
MMetrics	Computes the metrics of a set of Java source files, using the Metamata Metrics/WebGain Quality Analyzer source-code analyzer, and writes the results to an XML file.
Maudit	Performs static analysis on a set of Java source-code and byte-code files, using the Metamata Metrics/WebGain Quality Analyzer source-code analyzer.

编译类任务 [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Depend	Determines which classfiles are out-of-date with respect to their source, removing the classfiles of any other classes that depend on the out-of-date classes, forcing the re-compile of the removed classfiles. Typically used in conjunction with the Javac task.
Javac	Compiles the specified source file(s) within the running (Ant) VM, or in another VM if the fork attribute is specified.
JspC	Runs the JSP compiler. It can be used to precompile JSP pages for fast initial invocation of JSP pages, deployment on a server without the full JDK installed, or simply to syntax-check the pages without deploying them. The Javac task can be used to compile the generated Java source. (For Weblogic JSP compiles, see the Wljspc task.)
NetRexxC	Compiles a NetRexx source tree within the running (Ant) VM.
Rmic	Runs the rmic compiler on the specified file(s).
Wljspc	Compiles JSP pages using Weblogic's JSP compiler, weblogic.jspc . (For non-Weblogic JSP compiles, see the JspC task.

Deployment Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

ServerDeploy	Task to run a "hot" deployment tool for vendor-specific J2EE server.

Documentation Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Javadoc/Javadoc2	Generates code documentation using the javadoc tool. The Javadoc2 task is deprecated; use the Javadoc task instead.
Stylebook	Executes the Apache Stylebook documentation generator. Unlike the command-line version of this tool, all three arguments are required to run the Stylebook task.

EJB Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

EJB Tasks	(See the documentation describing the EJB tasks.)

Execution Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Ant	Runs Ant on a supplied buildfile, optionally passing properties (with possibly new values). This task can be used to build sub-projects.
AntCall	Runs another target within the same buildfile, optionally passing properties (with possibly new values).
Apply/ExecOn	Executes a system command. When the os attribute is specified, the command is only executed when Ant is run on one of the specified operating systems.
Dependset	This task compares a set of source files with a set of target files. If any of the source files is newer than any of the target files, all the target files are removed.
Exec	Executes a system command. When the os attribute is specified, the command is only executed when Ant is run on one of the specified operating systems.
Java	Executes a Java class within the running (Ant) VM, or in another VM if the fork attribute is specified.
Parallel	A container task that can contain other Ant tasks. Each nested task specified within the <parallel> tag will be executed in its own thread.
Sequential	A container task that can contain other Ant tasks. The nested tasks are simply executed in sequence. Its primary use is to support the sequential execution of a subset of tasks within the <parallel> tag.
Sleep	A task for suspending execution for a specified period of time. Useful when a build or deployment process requires an interval between tasks.
Subant	Calls a given target for all defined sub-builds. This is an extension of ant for bulk project execution.
Waitfor	Blocks execution until a set of specified conditions become true. This task is intended to be used with the Parallel task to synchronize a set of processes.

File Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Attrib	Changes the permissions and/or attributes of a file or all files inside the specified directories. Currently, it has effect only under Windows.
Checksum	Generates a checksum for a file or set of files. This task can also be used to perform checksum verifications.
Chgrp	Changes the group ownership of a file or all files inside the specified directories. Currently, it has effect only under Unix.
Chmod	Changes the permissions of a file or all files inside the specified directories. Currently, it has effect only under Unix. The permissions are also UNIX style, like the arguments for the chmod command.
Chown	Changes the owner of a file or all files inside the specified directories. Currently, it has effect only under Unix.
Concat	Concatenates multiple files into a single one or to Ant's logging system.
Copy	Copies a file or Fileset to a new file or directory.
Copydir	Deprecated. Use the Copy task instead.
Copyfile	Deprecated. Use the Copy task instead.
Delete	Deletes either a single file, all files and sub-directories in a specified directory, or a set of files specified by one or more FileSet s.
Deltree	Deprecated. Use the Delete task instead.
Filter	Sets a token filter for this project, or reads multiple token filters from a specified file and sets these as filters. Token filters are used by all tasks that perform file-copying operations.
FixCRLF	Modifies a file to add or remove tabs, carriage returns, linefeeds, and EOF characters.
Get	Gets a file from a URL.
Mkdir	Creates a directory. Non-existent parent directories are created, when necessary.
Move	Moves a file to a new file or directory, or a set(s) of file(s) to a new directory.
Patch	Applies a "diff" file to originals.
Rename	Deprecated. Use the Move task instead.
RenameExtensions	Deprecated . Use the Move task with a glob mapper instead.
Replace	Replace is a directory-based task for replacing the occurrence of a given string with another string in selected file.
ReplaceRegExp	Directory-based task for replacing the occurrence of a given regular expression with a substitution pattern in a file or set of files.
Sync	Synchronize two directory trees.
Tempfile	Generates a name for a new temporary file and sets the specified property to that name.
Touch	Changes the modification time of a file and possibly creates it at the same time.

Java2 Extensions Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Jarlib-available	Check whether an extension is present in a FileSet or an ExtensionSet. If the extension is present, the specified property is set.
Jarlib-display	Display the "Optional Package" and "Package Specification" information contained within the specified jars.
Jarlib-manifest	Task to generate a manifest that declares all the dependencies in manifest. The dependencies are determined by looking in the specified path and searching for Extension/"Optional Package" specifications in the manifests of the jars.
Jarlib-resolve	Try to locate a jar to satisfy an extension, and place the location of the jar into the specified property.

Logging Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Record	Runs a listener that records the logging output of the build-process events to a file. Several recorders can exist at the same time. Each recorder is associated with a file.

Mail Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Mail	A task to send SMTP email.
MimeMail	Deprecated . Use the Mail task instead.

Miscellaneous Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Defaultexcludes	Modify the list of default exclude patterns from within your build file.
Echo	Echoes text to System.out or to a file.
Fail	Exits the current build by throwing a BuildException, optionally printing additional information.
GenKey	Generates a key in keystore.
Input	Allows user interaction during the build process by displaying a message and reading a line of input from the console.
Script	Executes a script in a Apache BSF -supported language.
Sound	Plays a sound file at the end of the build, according to whether the build failed or succeeded.
Splash	Displays a splash screen.
Sql	Executes a series of SQL statements via JDBC to a database. Statements can either be read in from a text file using the src attribute, or from between the enclosing SQL tags.
Taskdef	Adds a task definition to the current project, such that this new task can be used in the current project.
TStamp	Sets the DSTAMP , TSTAMP , and TODAY properties in the current project, based on the current date and time.
Typedef	Adds a data-type definition to the current project, such that this new type can be used in the current project.
XmlValidate	Checks that XML files are valid (or only well-formed). This task uses the XML parser that is currently used by Ant by default, but any SAX1/2 parser can be specified, if needed.

.NET Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

.NET Tasks	(See the documentation describing the .NET tasks.)

Pre-process Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

ANTLR	Invokes the ANTLR Translator generator on a grammar file.
AntStructure	Generates a DTD for Ant buildfiles that contains information about all tasks currently known to Ant.
IContract	Instruments Java classes using the iContract DBC preprocessor. This task can generate a properties file for iControl , a graphical user interface that lets you turn on/off assertions.
Import	Import another build file and potentially override targets in it with targets of your own.
JavaCC	Invokes the JavaCC compiler-compiler on a grammar file.
Javah	Generates JNI headers from a Java class.
JJDoc	Invokes the JJDoc documentation generator for the JavaCC compiler-compiler. JJDoc takes a JavaCC parser specification and produces documentation for the BNF grammar. It can operate in three modes, determined by command line options. This task only invokes JJDoc if the grammar file is newer than the generated BNF grammar documentation.
JJTree	Invokes the JJTree preprocessor for the JavaCC compiler-compiler. It inserts parse-tree building actions at various places in the JavaCC source that it generates. The output of JJTree is run through JavaCC to create the parser. This task only invokes JJTree if the grammar file is newer than the generated JavaCC file.
Macrodef	Define a new task as a macro built-up upon other tasks.
MParse	Invokes the Metamata MParse compiler-compiler on a grammar file.
Native2Ascii	Converts files from native encodings to ASCII with escaped Unicode. A common usage is to convert source files maintained in a native operating system encoding to ASCII, prior to compilation.
Presetdef	Define a new task by instrumenting an existing task with default values for attributes or child elements.
Translate	Identifies keys in files, delimited by special tokens, and translates them with values read from resource bundles.
Xslt/Style	Processes a set of documents via XSLT.

Property Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Available	Sets a property if a specified file, directory, class in the classpath, or JVM system resource is available at runtime.
Basename	Sets a property to the last element of a specified path.
BuildNumber	Task that can be used to track build numbers.
Condition	Sets a property if a certain condition holds true - this is a generalization of Available and Uptodate .
Dirname	Sets a property to the value of the specified file up to, but not including, the last path element.
Echoproperties	Lists the current properties.
LoadFile	Loads a file into a property.
LoadProperties	Load a file's contents as Ant properties. This task is equivalent to using <property file="..."/> except that it supports nested <filterchain> elements, and it cannot be specified outside a target.
PathConvert	Converts a nested path, path reference, filelist reference, or fileset reference to the form usable on a specified platform and/or to a list of items separated by the specified separator and stores the result in the specified property.
Property	Sets a property (by name and value), or set of properties (from a file or resource) in the project.
PropertyFile	Creates or modifies property files. Useful when wanting to make unattended modifications to configuration files for application servers and applications. Typically used for things such as automatically generating a build number and saving it to a build properties file, or doing date manipulation.
Uptodate	Sets a property if a given target file is newer than a set of source files.
Whichresource	Find a class or resource.
XmlProperty	Loads property values from a well-formed XML file.

Remote Tasks [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

FTP	Implements a basic FTP client that can send, receive, list, and delete files, and create directories.
Rexec	Task to automate a remote rexec session.
Scp	Copy files to or from a remote server using SSH.
setproxy	Sets Java's web proxy properties, so that tasks and code run in the same JVM can have through-the-firewall access to remote web sites.
Sshexec	Execute a command on a remote server using SSH.
Telnet	Task to automate a remote telnet session. This task uses nested <read> and <write> tags to indicate strings to wait for and specify text to send.

SCM(软件控制管理)任务 [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Cvs	处理从某个 CVS 仓库中取得的那些包/模块.
CvsChangeLog	将某个 CVS 仓库中记录的变化情况生成一个xml格式的报告.
CVSPass	Adds entries to a .cvspass file. Adding entries to this file has the same affect as a cvs login command.
CvsTagDiff	Generates an XML-formatted report file of the changes between two tags or dates recorded in a CVS repository.
ClearCase	Tasks to perform the ClearCase cleartool checkin , checkout , uncheckout , update , lock , unlock , mklbtype , rmtype , mklabel , and mkbl commands.
Continuus/Synergy	Tasks to perform the Continuus ccmcheckin , ccmcheckout , ccmcheckintask , ccmreconfigure , and ccmcreateTask commands.
Microsoft Visual SourceSafe	Tasks to perform the Visual SourceSafe vssget , vsslabel , vsshistory , vsscheckin , vsscheckout , vssadd , vsscp , and vsscreate commands.
Perforce	Tasks to perform the Perforce p4sync , p4change , p4edit , p4submit , p4have , p4label , p4counter , p4reopen , p4revert , and p4add commands.
Pvcs	Allows the user extract the latest edition of the source code from a PVCS repository.
SourceOffSite	Tasks to perform the SourceOffSite sosget , soslabel , soscheckin , and soscheckout commands.
StarTeam	Tasks to perform the StarTeam stcheckout , stcheckin , stlabel , and stlist commands. The Starteam task is deprecated; use STCheckout instead.

测试类任务 [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Junit	运行遵循Junit 测试框架的测试. 这个任务已经在JUnit 3.0 至 JUnit 3.7上测试通过; 它不能在低于 JUnit 3.0的版本上工作.
JunitReport	将Junit 任务产生的一个个xml文件合并起来， 然后对合并生成的文件使用一个样式单(stylesheet)来提供一个可读的测试结果报告.
Test	运行遵循 org.apache.testlet 框架的单元测试.

Visual Age for Java任务 [Back to top] 任务名称 描述

Visual Age for Java Tasks	(参见Visual Age for Java任务的文档.)