oracle 10g DataGuard 双机搭建--详细过程

设置为写log模式：

ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
Database altered.

生成密码文件：

orapwd file=orapwprod password=oracle

创建standby日志文件组：

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/redo04.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/redo05.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/redo06.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/redo07.log') SIZE 50M;

确认standby日志文件组创建成功：

SELECT GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;

SQL> SELECT GROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;
    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------
         4          0          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         5          0          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         6          0          0 YES UNASSIGNED
         7          0          0 YES UNASSIGNED

为主库手工创建新的参数文件pfile：

db_name       = prod
control_files = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/control1.dbf',
                 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/control2.dbf',
                 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/control3.dbf')
sga_target    = 400m
undo_management   = AUTO
undo_tablespace   = undotbs

DB_UNIQUE_NAME    = pri
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG = 'DG_CONFIG=(pri,stdby)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 = 'LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/arch/prod/  VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pri'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1  = ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT        = %t_%s_%r.arc
processes = 300

FAL_SERVER = stdby
FAL_CLIENT = pri
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT = 'stdby','prod'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT= 'stdby','prod'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

启用新参数文件：
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initprod3.ora';

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initprod3.ora';
File created.

设置归档模式：

STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

对主库做备份：

rman target /

rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 26 23:25:04 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: PROD (DBID=201531499)

设置备份路径与文件格式，后面备库恢复时需要同样的路径：

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_%T_%s_%p.bak';

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_%T_%s_%p.bak';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

查看配置情况：

show all;

RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_%T_%s_%p.bak';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_prod.f'; # default

备份数据库：

backup database;

RMAN> backup database;
Starting backup at 26-JUL-12
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=308 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-12
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_20120726_3_1.bak tag=TAG20120726T235210 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 26-JUL-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 26-JUL-12
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_20120726_4_1.bak tag=TAG20120726T235210 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 26-JUL-12

为从库创建控制文件：

ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS '/u01/app/oracle/backup/control4stdby.dbf';

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS '/u01/app/oracle/backup/control4stdby.dbf';
Database altered.

修改主库参数文件为从库参数文件：

db_name       = prod
control_files = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/control1.dbf',
                 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/control2.dbf',
                 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/control3.dbf')
sga_target    = 400m
undo_management   = AUTO
undo_tablespace   = undotbs

DB_UNIQUE_NAME    = stdby
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG = 'DG_CONFIG=(pri,stdby)'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 = 'LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/arch/stdby/  VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdby'
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1  = ENABLE
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE = EXCLUSIVE
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT        = %t_%s_%r.arc
processes = 300

FAL_SERVER = pri
FAL_CLIENT = stdby
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT = 'prod','stdby'
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT= 'prod','stdby'
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

拷贝备份文件、控制文件、参数文件到从库：

scp prod*.bak xxxxstdby:/u01/app/oracle/backup
scp control4stdby.dbf xxxxstdby:/u01/app/oracle/backup
scp initstdby.ora xxxxstdby:/u01/app/oracle/backup

从库上生成密码文件：

orapwd file=orapwstdby password=oracle

为主库设置监听文件listener.ora：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = pri_DGMGRL)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = prod)
    )
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczpri)(PORT = 1521))
    )
)

监听重启：

lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

查看监听服务:

lsnrctl service|grep pri

$ lsnrctl service|grep pri
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=thczpri)(PORT=1521)))
Service "pri" has 2 instance(s).
Service "pri_XPT" has 1 instance(s).

为主库设置命名文件tnsnames.ora:

db_pri =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczpri)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = pri)
    )
)

db_stdby =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczstdby)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = stdby)
    )
)

查看命名解析情况：

tnsping db_pri

$ tnsping db_pri
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-JUL-2012 10:21:57
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczpri)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = pri)))
OK (0 msec)

从库上生成spfile：

CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE='initstdby.ora';

从库上拷贝控制文件到参数文件指定目录：

cp control4stdby.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/control1.dbf
cp control4stdby.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/control2.dbf
cp control4stdby.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/control3.dbf

从库上启动到mount状态：

startup mount;

从库上用rman恢复数据库：

restore database;

RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 27-JUL-12
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=318 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_20120726_5_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/prod_20120726_5_1.bak tag=TAG20120726T235912
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
Finished restore at 27-JUL-12

为从库创建standby log 组，为之后切换做好准备：

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/redo04.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/redo05.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/redo06.log') SIZE 50M;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/stdby/redo07.log') SIZE 50M;

为从库设置监听文件listener.ora：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = stdby)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = stdby)
    )
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczstdby)(PORT = 1521))
    )
)

监听重启：

lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

查看监听服务:

lsnrctl service|grep stdby

$ lsnrctl service|grep stdby
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=thczstdby)(PORT=1521)))
Service "stdby" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "stdby", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "stdby", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "stdby_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stdby", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

为主库设置命名文件tnsnames.ora:

db_pri =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczpri)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = pri)
    )
)

db_stdby =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczstdby)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = stdby)
    )
)

查看命名解析情况：

tnsping db_stdby

$ tnsping db_stdby
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-JUL-2012 10:54:31
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = thczstdby)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = stdby)))
OK (0 msec)

从库启动到redo接收状态：

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

查看mrp进程是否启动：

ps -ef |grep mrp

$ ps -ef |grep mrp
oracle   13262     1  4 11:01 ?        00:00:00 ora_mrp0_stdby
oracle   13285  7982  0 11:01 pts/7    00:00:00 grep mrp

主库启动redo apply:

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 = 'SERVICE=db_stdby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stdby';
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2  = ENABLE;

主库切换日志：

alter system switch logfile;
archive log list;

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /u01/app/oracle/arch/prod/
Oldest online log sequence     10
Next log sequence to archive   12
Current log sequence           12

从库查看日志：
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /u01/app/oracle/arch/stdby/
Oldest online log sequence     10
Next log sequence to archive   0
Current log sequence           12

可以看到日志已经传过来，dataguard搭建好了。