在自绘窗口的时候,子类化是MFC最常用的窗体技术之一。什么是子类化?窗口子类化就是创建一个新的窗口函数代替原来的窗口函数。
Subclass(子类化)是MFC中最常用的窗体技术之一。子类化完成两个工作:一是把窗体类对象attach到一个windows窗体实体中(即把一个窗体的hwnd赋给该类)。另外就是把该类对象的消息加入到消息路由中,使得该类可以捕获消息。
而通常我们会碰到DDX_Control、SubclassWindow、SubclassDlgItem等,不同的子类化方法。首先先看下面的代码:
void AFXAPI DDX_Control(CDataExchange* pDX, int nIDC, CWnd& rControl) { if ((rControl.m_hWnd == NULL) && (rControl.GetControlUnknown() == NULL)) // not subclassed yet { ASSERT(!pDX->m_bSaveAndValidate); pDX->PrepareCtrl(nIDC); HWND hWndCtrl; pDX->m_pDlgWnd->GetDlgItem(nIDC, &hWndCtrl); if ((hWndCtrl != NULL) && !rControl.SubclassWindow(hWndCtrl)) { ASSERT(FALSE); // possibly trying to subclass twice? AfxThrowNotSupportedException(); } #ifndef _AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT else { if (hWndCtrl == NULL) { if (pDX->m_pDlgWnd->GetOleControlSite(nIDC) != NULL) { rControl.AttachControlSite(pDX->m_pDlgWnd, nIDC); } } else { // If the control has reparented itself (e.g., invisible control), // make sure that the CWnd gets properly wired to its control site. if (pDX->m_pDlgWnd->m_hWnd != ::GetParent(rControl.m_hWnd)) rControl.AttachControlSite(pDX->m_pDlgWnd); } } #endif //!_AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT } }
我们发现 DDX_Control()函数中调用了SubclassWindow(),再看SubclassWindow()里写了什么:
// From VS Install PathVC98MFCSRCWINCORE.CPP BOOL CWnd::SubclassWindow(HWND hWnd) { if (!Attach(hWnd)) return FALSE; // allow any other subclassing to occur PreSubclassWindow(); // now hook into the AFX WndProc WNDPROC* lplpfn = GetSuperWndProcAddr(); WNDPROC oldWndProc = (WNDPROC)::SetWindowLong(hWnd, GWL_WNDPROC, (DWORD)AfxGetAfxWndProc()); ASSERT(oldWndProc != (WNDPROC)AfxGetAfxWndProc()); if (*lplpfn == NULL) *lplpfn = oldWndProc; // the first control of that type created #ifdef _DEBUG else if (*lplpfn != oldWndProc) { ::SetWindowLong(hWnd, GWL_WNDPROC, (DWORD)oldWndProc); } #endif return TRUE; }
而SubclassWindow又与SubclassDlgItem有什么区别?前者用于一切具有HWND的窗体,后者只限定于对话框控件
用法:在OnInitDialog中调用SubclassDlgItem将派生类的控件对象与对话框中的基类控件相连接,则这个基类控件对象变成了派生控件对象
总而言之,比较常用的就是DDX_Control。