leetcode:Add Two Numbers

题目描述:You are given two linked lists representing two non-negative numbers. The digits are stored in reverse order and each of their nodes contain a single digit. Add the two numbers and return it as a linked list.(给你两个链表,表示两个非负整数。数字在链表中按反序存储,例如342在链表中为2->4->3。链表每一个节点包含一个数字(0-9)。计算这两个数字和并以链表形式返回。)

Input: (2 -> 4 -> 3) + (5 -> 6 -> 4)
Output: 7 -> 0 -> 8                                     (即:342+465= 807)

分析:由上述描述知,要注意以下几点,

(1)因为存储是反过来的,即数字342存成2->4->3,所以要注意进位是向后的;

(2)边界条件:链表l1或l2为空时,直接返回;

(3)链表l1和l2长度可能不同,因此要注意处理某个链表剩余的高位;

(4)2个数相加,可能会产生最高位的进位,因此要注意在完成以上(1)-(3)的操作后,判断进位是否为0,不为0则需要增加结点存储最高位的进位。

/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/

class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* addTwoNumbers(ListNode* l1, ListNode* l2) {
        ListNode* sum;
        sum = new ListNode(l1->val + l2->val);
        ListNode* p = sum;
        l1 = l1->next;
        l2 = l2->next;
        while(l1 != NULL || l2 != NULL || p->val > 9)
        {
            p->next = new ListNode(p->val / 10);
            p->val %= 10;//判断是否产生进位
            p = p->next;

//处理l1或l2可能的剩余高位
            if(l1)
            {
                p->val += l1->val;
                l1 = l1->next;
            }

            if(l2)
            {
                p->val += l2->val;
                l2 = l2->next;
            }
        }

        return sum;
    }
};

 其他解法:

class Solution {
    public:
        ListNode *addTwoNumbers(ListNode *l1, ListNode *l2) {
            int tmp=0;
            ListNode rs(0), *r=&rs, *p=l1, *q=l2;
            while(p!=NULL||q!=NULL||tmp){
                tmp=tmp+(p==NULL?0:p->val)+(q==NULL?0:q->val);
                r->next=new ListNode(tmp%10);
                r=r->next;
                p=(p==NULL?p:p->next);
                q=(q==NULL?q:q->next);
                tmp=tmp/10;
            }
            return rs.next;
        }
    };

  

Add Binary

Given two binary strings, return their sum (also a binary string).

For example,
a = "11"
b = "1"
Return "100".

class Solution {
public:
    string addBinary(string a, string b) {
        string res;
        int i = a.size(), j = b.size(), cur = 0;
        while(i || j || cur) {
            cur += (i ? a[(i--)-1] -'0' : 0) + (j ? b[(j--)-1] -'0' : 0);
            res = char(cur%2 + '0') + res;
            cur /= 2;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

注:字符在计算机里是用数字表示的,即ascill 码。如:a[1]是'1' ,字符'1'的ascii码是49,而字符'0'的ascii码是48 ,这样a[1]-'0'就是49-48 求得的就是数字1,这样就把a[1]里边存的数字字符转换成了整形数值。 

或:(和上一种差不多)
class Solution { public: string addBinary(string a, string b) { int size_a = a.size(), size_b = b.size(), extra = 0; string res; while(size_a > 0 || size_b > 0 || extra > 0) { int i_1 = size_a > 0 ? int(a.at(-1 + size_a--)) - int('0') : 0; int i_2 = size_b > 0 ? int(b.at(-1 + size_b--)) - int('0') : 0; int sum = i_1 + i_2 + extra, append = sum % 2; extra = sum / 2; res.append(1, char('0' + append)); } return string(res.rbegin(), res.rend()); } };

  或:

class Solution {
public:
    string addBinary(string a, string b) {
        int carry = 0;
        int pa = a.length() - 1;
        int pb = b.length() - 1;
        string& res = pa > pb ? a : b;
        int p = max(pa, pb);
        int tmp;
        while ( pa >= 0 && pb >= 0 )
        {
            tmp = a[pa--] - '0' + b[pb--] - '0' + carry;
            res[p--] = (tmp & 1) + '0';
            carry = tmp >> 1;
        }
        while ( p >= 0 )
        {
            tmp = res[p] - '0' + carry;
            res[p--] =  (tmp & 1) + '0';
            carry = tmp >> 1;
        }
        if ( carry )
        {
            res = '1' + res;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

  

 

 

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