import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; public class ShortestAbstract { /** * 编程之美 最短摘要的生成 * 扫描过程始终保持一个[pBegin,pEnd]的range,初始化确保[pBegin,pEnd]的range里包含所有关键字 * 然后每次迭代,尝试调整pBegin和pEnd: * 1.pBegin递增,直到range无法包含所有关键字 * 2.pEnd递增,直到range重新包含所有关键字 * 计算新的range,与旧的range相比,看是否缩短了,如果是,则更新 * 不考虑关键字的先后顺序 */ public static void main(String[] args) { // String description = "w0,w1,w2,w3,q0,w4,w5,q1,w6,w7,w8,q0,w9,q1"; String description = "w0,w1,w2,q1,w3,q0,w4,w5,q1,q0,w6,w7,w8,,q0,w9,q1"; String[] keywords = {"q1","q0"}; String summery = shortestAbstract(description, keywords); System.out.println(summery); } public static String shortestAbstract(String description, String[] keywords) { if (description == null || description.length() == 0 || keywords == null || keywords.length == 0) { return null; } String[] desc = description.split(","); return extract(desc, keywords); } public static String extract(String[] desc, String[] keywords) { Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>(); //key=关键字 value=关键字出现的次数 for (String keyword : keywords) { if (keyword != null && keyword.length() != 0) { //忽略null和空字符 map.put(keyword, 0); } } if (map.isEmpty()) { return null; } String summery = null; int descLen = desc.length; int shortestLen = descLen + 1; int pBegin = 0; int pEnd = 0; int abstractBegin = -1; int abstractEnd = -1; while (true) { //相当于初始化,从desc[0]开始,找到第一个包含所有关键字的摘要:desc[0]~desc[pEnd],此时pBegin=0 while (!isAllVisited(map) && pEnd < descLen) { if (map.containsKey(desc[pEnd])) { setVisited(map, desc[pEnd], 1); //出现次数加1 } pEnd++; } //pBegin右移,停止条件为:已经无法包含所有关键字; //然后回到上面,右移pEnd,重新初始化,使得pBegin~pEnd重新包含所有关键字 while (isAllVisited(map)) { if (pEnd - pBegin < shortestLen) { shortestLen = pEnd - pBegin; abstractBegin = pBegin; abstractEnd = pEnd -1; } if (map.get(desc[pBegin]) != null) { setVisited(map, desc[pBegin], -1); //出现次数减1 } pBegin++; } if (pEnd >= descLen) { break; } } //返回找到的最短摘要,没找到则返回null if (abstractBegin == -1 || abstractEnd == -1) { System.out.println("one or more keywords not found."); } else { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = abstractBegin; i <= abstractEnd; i++) { sb.append("," + desc[i]); } if (sb.length() > 1) { summery = sb.substring(1); } } return summery; } //所有关键字出现次数大于0,则找到了一个摘要 private static boolean isAllVisited(Map<String, Integer> map) { for (Entry<String, Integer> entry : map.entrySet()) { int count = entry.getValue(); if (count == 0) { return false; } } return true; } private static void setVisited(Map<String, Integer> map, String key, int add) { int count = map.get(key); map.put(key, count + add); } }