C#开发一个如上的工业仪表盘控件


1写一个类继承自UserControl,我们给它起名为Dial
2定义他的刻度属性,
  public int V//当前刻度1,省略VV(刻度2)
  {
   get
   {
    return mV;
   }
   set
   {
    if(mV==value)return;
    mV=value;
    Refresh();
   }
  }
  public int MaxMain//最大刻度 省略MaxM(刻度二的最大值)
  {
   get
   {
    return mMaxMain;
   }
   set
   {
    if(mMaxMain==value)return;
    mMaxMain=value;  
    Refresh();
   }
  }
3在它的绘图事件下写下绘制表盘的代码(呵呵,这是重点呃)
  private void Dial_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
  {

   Rectangle rect1=this.ClientRectangle;
   rect1.Y+=3;
   rect1.Height=rect1.Width;
   e.Graphics.DrawArc(Pens.DarkGray,rect1,180+30,120);//画表盘圆弧1

   Rectangle rect2=this.ClientRectangle;
   rect2.Y+=3;
   rect2.X+=15;
   rect2.Y+=15;
   rect2.Width-=30;
   rect2.Height=rect2.Width;
   e.Graphics.DrawArc(Pens.DarkGray,rect2,180+30,120);//画表盘圆弧2
   Rectangle rect3=rect2;
   rect3.X+=50;
   rect3.Y+=50;
   rect3.Width-=100;
   rect3.Height-=100;
   e.Graphics.DrawArc(Pens.DarkGray,rect3,180+30,120);//画表盘圆弧3


   Rectangle rect4=rect2;
   rect4.X+=10;
   rect4.Y+=10;
   rect4.Width-=20;
   rect4.Height-=20;
   e.Graphics.DrawArc(Pens.DarkGray,rect4,180+30,120);//画表盘圆弧4

   int ox=rect1.Width/2+rect1.Left;
   int oy=rect1.Height/2+rect1.Top;

   double rad=0;
   Point pt1=new Point(0,0);
   Point pt2=new Point(0,0);

   for(int i=0;i<120/10;i++)//画大刻度
   {
    double _rad=PEI/180*10;
    rad=(_rad*i+(PEI/180*30));
    pt1=Trans(rect1.Width/2,rad,ox,oy);
    pt2=Trans(rect2.Width/2,rad,ox,oy);
    e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray,pt1,pt2);
    pt1=Trans(rect2.Width/2,rad,ox,oy);
    pt2=Trans(rect4.Width/2,rad,ox,oy);
    e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray,pt1,pt2);

   }
   for(int i=0;i<120/2;i++)//画细刻度
   {
    double _rad=PEI/180*2;
    rad=(_rad*i+(PEI/180*30));
    pt1=Trans(rect1.Width/2,rad,ox,oy);
    pt2=Trans(rect1.Width/2-5,rad,ox,oy);
    e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray,pt1,pt2);
    pt1=Trans(rect2.Width/2,rad,ox,oy);
    pt2=Trans(rect2.Width/2-5,rad,ox,oy);
    e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray,pt1,pt2);
   }
   pt1=Trans(rect1.Width/2,PEI/180*30,ox,oy);
   pt2=Trans(rect3.Width/2,PEI/180*30,ox,oy);
   e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray,pt1,pt2);//画表盘直边1
   pt1=Trans(rect1.Width/2,PEI/180*150,ox,oy);
   pt2=Trans(rect3.Width/2,PEI/180*150,ox,oy);
   e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.DarkGray,pt1,pt2);//画表盘直边2
   double v=120;
   v/=MaxMain;
   v*=V;
   v=(PEI/180*v+PEI/180*30);
   pt1=Trans(rect1.Width/2,v,ox,oy);
   pt2=Trans(rect2.Width/2,v,ox,oy);
   e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.Red,pt1,pt2);//画指针1


   v=120;
   v/=MaxMain;
   v*=VV;
   v=(PEI/180*v+PEI/180*30);
   pt1=Trans(rect2.Width/2,v,ox,oy);
   pt2=Trans(rect4.Width/2,v,ox,oy);
   e.Graphics.DrawLine(Pens.Red,pt1,pt2);//画指针2

   pt1=Trans(rect3.Width/2-5,PEI/180*50,ox,oy);
   pt2=Trans(rect3.Width/2-5,PEI/180*130,ox,oy);
   Rectangle tr=new Rectangle(pt2,new Size(pt1.X-pt2.X,15));
   FontFamily fontFamily = new FontFamily("Arial");
   Font font = new Font(
    fontFamily,
    9,
    FontStyle.Regular,
    GraphicsUnit.Point);
   e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.DarkBlue,tr);
   e.Graphics.DrawString(V.ToString()+"."+VV.ToString(),font,Brushes.Red,tr);//绘制数字窗口
   font.Dispose();
   
  }

好像一切都挺顺利,Trans(rect2.Width/2,v,ox,oy);这个东东干什么的?
这其实正是核心,让我们一起看看:
  private Point Trans(int r,double rad,int ox,int oy)
  {
   Point pt=new Point(0,0);
   int xx=(int)(r*Math.Cos(rad));
   int yy=(int)(r*Math.Sin(rad));
   pt.Y=-yy;
   pt.X=xx;
   pt.X+=ox;
   pt.Y+=oy;
   return pt;

  }
其实它是求以ox,oy为坐标原点的一个极坐标系中的点所对应的系统中的点的。
x=r×cos(rad)
y=r×sin(rad)
很熟悉吧?
因为我们和圆弧打交道用极坐标很方便和强大,所以在Dial_Paint()中坐标在计算时都是用极坐标来描述的,在绘图时用Trans()得到GDI的直角坐标! 

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