Zuul的主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。路由功能是微服务的一部分,比如/api/user转发到到user服务,/api/shop转发到到shop服务。zuul默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载均衡的功能。
zuul有以下功能:
Authentication
Insights
Stress Testing
Canary Testing
Dynamic Routing
Service Migration
Load Shedding
Security
Static Response handling
Active/Active traffic management
创建工程service-zuul,端口8010,eureka为服务中心,前面的http://localhost:8001/eureka/,启动模块euraka-server(8001),模板模块euraka-client(启动2实例8005,8006),消费服务模块service-ribbon(8000),消费服务模块service-feign(8009),完成继续。
项目的pom.xml文件
"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0</modelVersion>
com.exampleId>
service-zuul</artifactId>
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT >
jar</packaging>
service-zuul >
Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
org.springframework.bootId>
spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
1.5.9.RELEASE >
</parent>
UTF-8 .build.sourceEncoding>
UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
1.8.version>
Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
>
org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
spring-cloud-starter-eurekaId>
</dependency>
org.springframework.cloudId>
spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
>
org.springframework.boot</groupId>
spring-boot-starter-webId>
</dependency>
org.springframework.bootId>
spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
test >
</dependency>
>
org.springframework.boot</groupId>
spring-boot-maven-pluginId>
</plugin>
>
</build>
org.springframework.cloudId>
spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
${spring-cloud.version} >
pom</type>
import >
</dependency>
>
</dependencyManagement>
>
入口applicaton类加上注解@EnableZuulProxy,开启zuul的功能:
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ServiceZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
加上配置文件application.yml加上以下的配置代码
server:
port: 8010
spring:
application:
name: service-zuul
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/
#路由网关转发
zuul:
routes:
api1:
path: /api1/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api2:
path: /api2/**
serviceId: service-feign
服务名为service-zuul,服务注册中心的地址为http://localhost:8001/eureka/,服务的端口为8001;以/ap1/ 开头的请求都转发给service-ribbon服务;以/api2/开头的请求都转发给service-feign服务;
打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8010/api1/getPort;浏览器显示:
我的端口是:8006
我的端口是:8005
打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8010/api2/getPort ;浏览器显示:
我的端口是:8006
我的端口是:8005
ok,zuul起到了路由的作用!
uul不仅只是路由,并且还能过滤,做一些安全验证。增加ZuulFilter过滤文件,添加功能如果请求没有携带token,则提示token为空,请求失败,有则放行,代码如下:
@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
@Override
public Object run() {
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
if(accessToken == null) {
log.warn("token为空,请求失败");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
try {
ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
}catch (Exception e){
}
return null;
}
log.info("ok");
return null;
}
}
pre:路由之前
routing:路由之时
post: 路由之后
error:发送错误调用
filterOrder:过滤的顺序
shouldFilter:这里可以写逻辑判断,是否要过滤,本文true,永远过滤。
run:过滤器的具体逻辑。可用很复杂,包括查sql,nosql去判断该请求到底有没有权限访问。
这时访问:http://localhost:8010/api1/getPort或者http://localhost:8010/api2/getPort ;网页显示:
token为空,请求失败
再访问http://localhost:8010/api1/getPort?token=1或者http://localhost:8010/api2/getPort?token=1 ;网页显示:
我的端口是:8006
我的端口是:8005
则说明起到了过滤的功能目的!