图片滑动验证码生成方法
https://www.jianshu.com/p/eb190c26fb5b
1、Unit类
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import net.coobird.thumbnailator.builders.BufferedImageBuilder;
import net.coobird.thumbnailator.resizers.Resizers;
/**
* @Author WelKin
* @ClassName VerifyImageUtil
* @Description: TODO
* @Date 2019/06/13 10:26
* @Version 1.0
**/
@SuppressWarnings("restriction")
public class VerifyImageUtil {
/**
* 源文件宽度
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static int ORI_WIDTH = 300;
/**
* 源文件高度
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private static int ORI_HEIGHT = 150;
/**
* 模板图宽度
*/
private static int CUT_WIDTH = 50;
/**
* 模板图高度
*/
private static int CUT_HEIGHT = 50;
/**
* 抠图凸起圆心
*/
private static int circleR = 5;
/**
* 抠图内部矩形填充大小
*/
private static int RECTANGLE_PADDING = 8;
/**
* 抠图的边框宽度
*/
private static int SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING = 1;
/**
* 根据传入的路径生成指定验证码图片
*
* @param filePath
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static VerifyImage getVerifyImage(String filePath) throws IOException {
BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
int locationX = CUT_WIDTH + new Random().nextInt(srcImage.getWidth() - CUT_WIDTH * 3);
int locationY = CUT_HEIGHT + new Random().nextInt(srcImage.getHeight() - CUT_HEIGHT) / 2;
BufferedImage markImage = new BufferedImage(CUT_WIDTH,CUT_HEIGHT,BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR);
int[][] data = getBlockData();
cutImgByTemplate(srcImage, markImage, data, locationX, locationY);
return new VerifyImage(getImageBASE64(srcImage),getImageBASE64(markImage),locationX,locationY);
}
/**
* 生成随机滑块形状
*
* 0 透明像素
* 1 滑块像素
* 2 阴影像素
* @return int[][]
*/
private static int[][] getBlockData() {
int[][] data = new int[CUT_WIDTH][CUT_HEIGHT];
Random random = new Random();
//(x-a)²+(y-b)²=r²
//x中心位置左右5像素随机
double x1 = RECTANGLE_PADDING + (CUT_WIDTH - 2 * RECTANGLE_PADDING) / 2.0 - 5 + random.nextInt(10);
//y 矩形上边界半径-1像素移动
double y1_top = RECTANGLE_PADDING - random.nextInt(3);
double y1_bottom = CUT_HEIGHT - RECTANGLE_PADDING + random.nextInt(3);
double y1 = random.nextInt(2) == 1 ? y1_top : y1_bottom;
double x2_right = CUT_WIDTH - RECTANGLE_PADDING - circleR + random.nextInt(2 * circleR - 4);
double x2_left = RECTANGLE_PADDING + circleR - 2 - random.nextInt(2 * circleR - 4);
double x2 = random.nextInt(2) == 1 ? x2_right : x2_left;
double y2 = RECTANGLE_PADDING + (CUT_HEIGHT - 2 * RECTANGLE_PADDING) / 2.0 - 4 + random.nextInt(10);
double po = Math.pow(circleR, 2);
for (int i = 0; i < CUT_WIDTH; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < CUT_HEIGHT; j++) {
//矩形区域
boolean fill;
if ((i >= RECTANGLE_PADDING && i < CUT_WIDTH - RECTANGLE_PADDING)
&& (j >= RECTANGLE_PADDING && j < CUT_HEIGHT - RECTANGLE_PADDING)) {
data[i][j] = 1;
fill = true;
} else {
data[i][j] = 0;
fill = false;
}
//凸出区域
double d3 = Math.pow(i - x1, 2) + Math.pow(j - y1, 2);
if (d3 < po) {
data[i][j] = 1;
} else {
if (!fill) {
data[i][j] = 0;
}
}
//凹进区域
double d4 = Math.pow(i - x2, 2) + Math.pow(j - y2, 2);
if (d4 < po) {
data[i][j] = 0;
}
}
}
//边界阴影
for (int i = 0; i < CUT_WIDTH; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < CUT_HEIGHT; j++) {
//四个正方形边角处理
for (int k = 1; k <= SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING; k++) {
//左上、右上
if (i >= RECTANGLE_PADDING - k && i < RECTANGLE_PADDING
&& ((j >= RECTANGLE_PADDING - k && j < RECTANGLE_PADDING)
|| (j >= CUT_HEIGHT - RECTANGLE_PADDING - k && j < CUT_HEIGHT - RECTANGLE_PADDING +1))) {
data[i][j] = 2;
}
//左下、右下
if (i >= CUT_WIDTH - RECTANGLE_PADDING + k - 1 && i < CUT_WIDTH - RECTANGLE_PADDING + 1) {
for (int n = 1; n <= SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING; n++) {
if (((j >= RECTANGLE_PADDING - n && j < RECTANGLE_PADDING)
|| (j >= CUT_HEIGHT - RECTANGLE_PADDING - n && j <= CUT_HEIGHT - RECTANGLE_PADDING ))) {
data[i][j] = 2;
}
}
}
}
if (data[i][j] == 1 && j - SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING > 0 && data[i][j - SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING] == 0) {
data[i][j - SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING] = 2;
}
if (data[i][j] == 1 && j + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING > 0 && j + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING < CUT_HEIGHT && data[i][j + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING] == 0) {
data[i][j + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING] = 2;
}
if (data[i][j] == 1 && i - SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING > 0 && data[i - SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING][j] == 0) {
data[i - SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING][j] = 2;
}
if (data[i][j] == 1 && i + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING > 0 && i + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING < CUT_WIDTH && data[i + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING][j] == 0) {
data[i + SLIDER_IMG_OUT_PADDING][j] = 2;
}
}
}
return data;
}
/**
* 裁剪区块
* 根据生成的滑块形状，对原图和裁剪块进行变色处理
* @param oriImage 原图
* @param targetImage 裁剪图
* @param blockImage 滑块
* @param x 裁剪点x
* @param y 裁剪点y
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void cutImgByTemplate(BufferedImage oriImage, BufferedImage targetImage, int[][] blockImage, int x, int y) {
for (int i = 0; i < CUT_WIDTH; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < CUT_HEIGHT; j++) {
int _x = x + i;
int _y = y + j;
int rgbFlg = blockImage[i][j];
int rgb_ori = oriImage.getRGB(_x, _y);
// 原图中对应位置变色处理
if (rgbFlg == 1) {
//抠图上复制对应颜色值
targetImage.setRGB(i,j, rgb_ori);
//原图对应位置颜色变化
oriImage.setRGB(_x, _y, rgb_ori & 0x363636);
} else if (rgbFlg == 2) {
targetImage.setRGB(i, j, Color.WHITE.getRGB());
oriImage.setRGB(_x, _y, Color.GRAY.getRGB());
}else if(rgbFlg == 0){
//int alpha = 0;
targetImage.setRGB(i, j, rgb_ori & 0x00ffffff);
}
}
}
// BufferedImage tsetImage = ImageIO.read(new File("D:/JavaWebExercise/14.jpg"));
// for (int i = 0; i < ORI_WIDTH; i++) {
// for (int j = 0; j < ORI_HEIGHT; j++) {
// int rgb_ori = oriImage.getRGB(i,j);
// tsetImage.setRGB(i, j, rgb_ori);
// }
//
// }
// ImageIO.write(tsetImage, "jpg", new File("D:/JavaWebExercise/14.jpg"));
}
/**
* 随机获取一张图片对象
* @param path
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static BufferedImage getRandomImage(String path) throws IOException {
File files = new File(path);
File[] fileList = files.listFiles();
List
if (fileList!=null && fileList.length!=0){
for (File tempFile:fileList){
if (tempFile.isFile() && tempFile.getName().endsWith(".jpg")){
fileNameList.add(tempFile.getAbsolutePath().trim());
}
}
}
Random random = new Random();
File imageFile = new File(fileNameList.get(random.nextInt(fileNameList.size())));
return ImageIO.read(imageFile);
}
/**
* 随机获取一张图片
* @param path
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String getRandomFile(String path) throws IOException {
File files = new File(path);
File[] fileList = files.listFiles();
List
if (fileList!=null && fileList.length!=0){
for (File tempFile:fileList){
if (tempFile.isFile() && tempFile.getName().endsWith(".jpg")){
fileNameList.add(tempFile.getAbsolutePath().trim());
}
}
}
int n = new Random().nextInt(fileNameList.size());
String filePath = fileNameList.get(n);
filePath.replace("\\", "/");
resizeOne(filePath, 300, 150);
return filePath;
}
/**
* 将IMG输出为文件
* @param image
* @param file
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void writeImg(BufferedImage image, String file) throws Exception {
byte[] imagedata = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream bao=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image,"png",bao);
imagedata = bao.toByteArray();
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(file));
out.write(imagedata);
out.close();
}
/**
* 将图片转换为BASE64
* @param image
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String getImageBASE64(BufferedImage image) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image,"png",out);
//转成byte数组
byte[] bytes = out.toByteArray();
BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
//生成BASE64编码
return encoder.encode(bytes);
}
/**
* 将BASE64字符串转换为图片
* @param base64String
* @return
*/
public static BufferedImage base64StringToImage(String base64String) {
try {
BASE64Decoder decoder=new BASE64Decoder();
byte[] bytes1 = decoder.decodeBuffer(base64String);
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes1);
return ImageIO.read(bais);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 压缩所有图片至统一高宽
* @param filePath
* @param tagetW
* @param targetH
*/
public static void resizeAll(String filePath, int tagetW, int targetH) {
//尝试把图片高宽都统一
File files = new File(filePath);
File[] fileList = files.listFiles();
List
if (fileList!=null && fileList.length!=0){
for (File tempFile:fileList){
if (tempFile.isFile() && tempFile.getName().endsWith(".jpg")){
fileNameList.add(tempFile.getAbsolutePath().trim().replace("\\", "/"));
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < fileNameList.size(); i++) {
try {
BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(new File(fileNameList.get(i)));
// 按宽300,高200压缩图片
BufferedImage tarImg = new BufferedImageBuilder(tagetW, targetH, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR).build();
Resizers.BILINEAR.resize(srcImage, tarImg);
//写压缩文件
ImageIO.write(tarImg, "jpg", new File(fileNameList.get(i)));//将BufferedImage写成文件输出
srcImage = ImageIO.read(new File(fileNameList.get(i)));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 设置一张图片高宽
* @param filePath
* @param tagetW
* @param targetH
*/
public static void resizeOne(String filePath, int tagetW, int targetH) {
try {
BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
// 按宽300,高200压缩图片
BufferedImage tarImg = new BufferedImageBuilder(tagetW, targetH, BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR).build();
Resizers.BILINEAR.resize(srcImage, tarImg);
//写压缩文件
ImageIO.write(tarImg, "jpg", new File(filePath));//将BufferedImage写成文件输出
srcImage = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
resizeAll("D:/JavaWebExercise", 300, 150);
}
}
2、VO
public class VerifyImage {
private int locationX;
private int locationY;
private String srcImageBASE64;
private String markImageBASE64;
public VerifyImage(String srcImageBASE64, String markImageBASE64, int locationX, int locationY) {
super();
this.locationX = locationX;
this.locationY = locationY;
this.srcImageBASE64 = srcImageBASE64;
this.markImageBASE64 = markImageBASE64;
}
public int getLocationX() {
return locationX;
}
public void setLocationX(int locationX) {
this.locationX = locationX;
}
public int getLocationY() {
return locationY;
}
public void setLocationY(int locationY) {
this.locationY = locationY;
}
public String getSrcImageBASE64() {
return srcImageBASE64;
}
public void setSrcImageBASE64(String srcImageBASE64) {
this.srcImageBASE64 = srcImageBASE64;
}
public String getMarkImageBASE64() {
return markImageBASE64;
}
public void setMarkImageBASE64(String markImageBASE64) {
this.markImageBASE64 = markImageBASE64;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "VerifyImage [locationX=" + locationX + ", locationY=" + locationY + ", srcImageBASE64=" + srcImageBASE64
+ ", markImageBASE64=" + markImageBASE64 + "]";
}
}
3、登陆调用生成验证码，返回给前端
/**
* 生成验证码
* @param session
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private ResultWarp getCode(HttpSession session) throws IOException {
String randomFile = VerifyImageUtil.getRandomFile("D:/JavaWebExercise");
VerifyImage verifyImage = VerifyImageUtil.getVerifyImage(randomFile);
session.setAttribute("imageX", verifyImage.getLocationX());
ResultWarp rw=new ResultWarp(ResultWarp.FAILED,"用户名或密码错误,请重新输入");
System.out.println("imageX = " + verifyImage.getLocationX());
verifyImage.setLocationX(0);
rw.addData("verifyImage", verifyImage);
return rw;
}
4、自己测试
@Test
public void testcode() {
try {
String randomFile = VerifyImageUtil.getRandomFile("D:/JavaWebExercise");
VerifyImage verifyImage = VerifyImageUtil.getVerifyImage(randomFile);
String markImageBASE64 = verifyImage.getMarkImageBASE64();
String srcImageBASE64 = verifyImage.getSrcImageBASE64();
BufferedImage markImage = VerifyImageUtil.base64StringToImage(srcImageBASE64);
BufferedImage srcImage = VerifyImageUtil.base64StringToImage(markImageBASE64);
ImageIO.write( markImage, "png", new File("D:/JavaWebExercise/12.png"));
ImageIO.write( srcImage, "png", new File("D:/JavaWebExercise/13.png") );
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}