Spring的事务管理--声明式事务

Spring的事务管理–声明式事务

一、XML方式的声明式事务

1. 搭建Spring的事务管理环境,演示转账
   • 创建maven项目引入pom
   • 创建数据库与表，初始化一些数据
   • 创建实体对象
   • 创建Service的接口和实现类
   • 创建Dao的接口和实现类
   • 配置Service和Dao，交给Spring，及其他

• 创建数据库与表

CREATE TABLE `account` (
      `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_bin DEFAULT NULL,
      `money` double DEFAULT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) 

• pom

 <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>4.3.18.RELEASEspring.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.8mysql.version>
  properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junitgroupId>
      <artifactId>junitartifactId>
      <version>4.12version>
      <scope>testscope>
    dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beansartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>


    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expressionartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
      <scope>compilescope>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-txartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
      <version>${mysql.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4jgroupId>
      <artifactId>log4jartifactId>
      <version>1.2.17version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logginggroupId>
      <artifactId>commons-loggingartifactId>
      <version>1.2version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junitgroupId>
      <artifactId>junitartifactId>
      <version>4.12version>
      <scope>compilescope>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
      <artifactId>druidartifactId>
      <version>1.1.10version>
    dependency>


      
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
          <artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
          <version>${spring.version}version>
      dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspectsartifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectjgroupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaverartifactId>
      <version>1.9.2version>
    dependency>


  dependencies>

• service

public interface AccountService {
    /**
     * 转账
     * @param form 转出账号
     * @param to 转入账号
     * @param money 金额
     */
    void transfer(String form,String to,Double money);
}

• serviceImpl

public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    /**
     * 注入Dao
     */
    private AccountDao accountDao;

    public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }


    @Override
    public void transfer(String form, String to, Double money) {
        accountDao.outMoney(form, money);
        // 人为异常，测试异常转账时打开
        int a = 5 / 0;
        accountDao.inMoney(to, money);
    }
}

• dao

public interface AccountDao {
    /**
     * 转出
     * @param from
     * @param money
     */
    void outMoney(String from ,Double money);

    /**
     * 转入
     * @param to
     * @param money
     */
    void inMoney(String to ,Double money);
}

• daoImpl

public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao {
    @Override
    public void outMoney(String from, Double money) {
        String sql = "update account set money = money - ? where name=?";
        this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,money,from);
    }

    @Override
    public void inMoney(String to, Double money) {
        String sql = "update account set money = money + ? where name=?";
        this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,money,to);
    }
}

• 配置事务管理器

 
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    bean>

• 配置增强

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="transfer" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        tx:attributes>
    tx:advice>

• 配置AOP

 
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="execution(* edu.xufe.tx.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"/>
    aop:config>

• jdbc.properties

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///springdemo07
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=mysql

• 完整的applicationContext.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    <bean id="accountService" class="edu.xufe.tx.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="accountDao" class="edu.xufe.tx.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    bean>
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    bean>
    
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="transfer" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        tx:attributes>
    tx:advice>
    
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut1" expression="execution(* edu.xufe.tx.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"/>
    aop:config>
    
    <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
    bean>
beans>

2. 编写测试，演示正常转账和转账过程中出现异常的情况

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class AccountServiceTest {
    @Resource(name = "accountService")
    private AccountService accountService;

    @Test
    public void testTransfer() {
        accountService.transfer("如花", "如花1", 500d);
    }
}

二、注解方式的声明式事务

1. 恢复环境取消在applicationContext.xml中的AOP配置与争抢
   取消后的applicationContext.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    <bean id="accountService" class="edu.xufe.tx.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="accountDao" class="edu.xufe.tx.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    bean>
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    bean>
    
    
    
    

    
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    
    <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
    bean>
beans>

2. 开启注解事务

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

3. 在业务层添加事务管理的注解
   @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT,propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,rollbackFor = Exception.class)
   4.编写测试，演示正常转账和转账过程中出现异常的情况
   源代码github：https://github.com/greatdistance/spring_project_demo/tree/master/springdemo09