Django笔记（Django邮件发送、Django邮箱验证码实现）

1.settings.py 配置

注意：要开启IMAP服务  才能发送邮件  ，在邮箱设置里的账户设置中

# 邮件配置
EMAIL_USE_SSL = True

EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com'  # 如果是 163 改成 smtp.163.com

EMAIL_PORT = 465

EMAIL_HOST_USER = environ.get("EMAIL_SENDER") # 帐号

EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = environ.get("EMAIL_PWD")  # 授权码（****）
# 默认邮件
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = EMAIL_HOST_USER

2.views 视图

from django.core.mail import send_mail, send_mass_mail

def send_my_email(req):
    title = "美团骑手offer"
    msg = "恭喜你成为美团骑手"
    email_from = settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
    reciever = [
        '[email protected]'
    ]
    # 发送邮件
    send_mail(title, msg, email_from, reciever)
    return HttpResponse("ok")

3.1views 视图  （邮件中发送页面）

def send_email_v1(req):
    title = "美团骑手offer"
    msg = " "
    email_from = settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
    reciever = [
        '[email protected]'
    ]
    # 加载模板
    template = loader.get_template('email.html')
    # 渲染模板
    html_str = template.render({"msg": "123456"})
    print(html_str)
    # 发送邮件
    send_mail(title, msg, email_from, reciever, html_message=html_str)
    return HttpResponse("ok")

3.2  前端

好困好无聊
请点击一个快乐的链接 快乐源泉
{{ msg }}

4.邮箱验证码的实现

4.1 生成随机字符串

import uuid
import hashlib


def get_random_str():
    uuid_val = uuid.uuid4()
    uuid_str = str(uuid_val).encode("utf-8")
    md5 = hashlib.md5()
    md5.update(uuid_str)
    return md5.hexdigest()

4.2 拼接激活链接url，加载激活模板并进行渲染

def verify(req):
    if req.method == "GET":
        return render(req, 'verify.html')
    else:
        param = req.POST
        email = param.get('email')
        # 生成随机字符
        random_str = get_random_str()
        # 拼接验证链接（加网址）
        url = "http://118.24.95.20:8000/dj06app/active/" + random_str
        # 加载激活模板
        tmp = loader.get_template('active.html')
        # 渲染
        html_str = tmp.render({'url': url})

        title = "美团骑手offer"
        msg = " "
        email_from = settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
        reciever = [
            # '[email protected]'
            email,
        ]
        send_mail(title, msg, email_from, reciever, html_message=html_str)
        # 记录 token 对应的邮箱是谁 v  k
        cache.set(random_str, email, 120)
        return HttpResponse('ok')

4.3 拿参数对应的缓存数据，来自找邮箱对应的用户，激活用户

def active(req, random_str):
    # 拿参数对应的缓存数据
    res = cache.get(random_str)
    if res:
        # 通过邮箱找到对应用户
        # 给用户的状态字段做更新，从未激活变成激活状态
        return HttpResponse(res+"激活成功")
    else:
        return HttpResponse("验证链接无效")

4.4 前端，输入发送邮箱页面

发送邮件生成随机url页面

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请点击 下面的连接

    {{url}}

5. 一次发送多个邮件

def send_many_email(req):
    title = "美团骑手offer"
    content1 = "该点外卖啦"
    email_from = settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
    reciever1 = [
        '[email protected]',
        '[email protected]',
        '[email protected]',
    ]
    content2 = "吃饭睡觉不想敲代码"
    # 邮件1
    msg1 = (title, content1, email_from, reciever1)
    # 邮件2
    msg2 = ("渣渣们", content2, email_from, ['[email protected]', '[email protected]'])
    send_mass_mail((msg1,msg2), fail_silently=True)
    return HttpResponse("发送好了")

send_mail 和  send_mass_mail 的区别

send_mail 每发送一封邮件 就要和SMTP服务 做一次链接

send_mass_mail 可以一次链接 发送多封邮件

 

celery异步发送邮件

（celery在我的其他博文中有介绍）

1. 在tasks.py 文件中写邮件任务

from celery import task
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.conf import settings
import time


@task
def send_email(email):
    title = '邮件的标题'
    msg = '异步操作'
    from_email = settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
    recievers = [email, ]
    send_mail(
        title,
        msg,
        from_email,
        recievers,
        # 发送异常时不提示
        fail_silently=True
    )

2. 在views 视图中调用邮件函数

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
from .tasks import first_task, send_email


# Create your views here.

def first_celery(req):
    # 任务参数名.delay(参数)
    first_task.delay(4)
    send_email.delay("[email protected]")
    return HttpResponse("ok")

3. 实现异步发送（增强用户体验感）