语音自适应回声消除(AEC)算法




自适应回声消除算法

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AEC算法早期用在Voip,电话这些场景中,自从智能设备诞生后,智能语音设备也要消除自身的音源,这些音源包括音乐或者TTS机器合成声音。

本文基于开源算法阐述AEC的原理和实现,基于WebRTC和speex两种算法,文末会附上两种算法的matlab实现。

语音自适应回声消除(AEC)算法_第1张图片

回声消除原理

回声消除的基本原理是使用一个自适应滤波器对未知的回声信道:ω” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>ωω 进行参数辨识,根据扬声器信号与产生的多路回声的相关性为基础,建立远端信号模型,模拟回声路径,通过自适应算法调整,使其冲击响应和真实回声路径相逼近。然后将麦克风接收到的信号减去估计值,即可实现回声消除功能。
echo=x∗ω” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>echo=xωecho=x∗ω 1.1
d=s+echo” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>d=s+echod=s+echo 1.2
y^=x∗ω^” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>y^=xω^y^=x∗ω^ 1.3
e=d−y^” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>e=dy^e=d−y^ 1.4
式中ω” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>ωω是对回声信号的估计值,e为误差。
为了消除较长时间的回声,需要FIR滤波器的阶数较高,时域计算法,有两个问题,一个是实时性较差,一个是计算量大。为了在实时性/计算量以及可以消除的回声时长之间找到使这三个最优的算法,采用了频谱分块自适应滤波算法。
这里用到了很多信号处理算法,为了让算法理解起来容易些,简单罗列涉及到的算法:

FFT/IFFT
循环卷积和线性卷积的关系;重叠保留法
功率谱密度
互相关
NLMS自适应算法

NLMS权重调整

语音自适应回声消除(AEC)算法_第2张图片
关于NLMS,可以下载http://download.csdn.net/detail/shichaog/9832657

下面直接开始WebRTC的matlab梳理,由于matlab代码和webRTC的c++代码命名几乎一致。所以c++的实现就一笔带过。
首先解释几个名词:

RERL-residual_echo_return_loss
ERL-echo return loss
ERLE echo return loss enhancement
NLP non-linear processing

首先matlab读入远端和近端信号。

%near is micphone captured signal
fid=fopen('near.pcm', 'rb'); % Load far end
ssin=fread(fid,inf,'float32');
fclose(fid);
%far is speaker played music
fid=fopen('far.pcm', 'rb'); % Load fnear end
rrin=fread(fid,inf,'float32');
fclose(fid);
   
   
   
   
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然后对一些变量赋初值

fs=16000;
NLPon=1; % NLP on
M = 16; % Number of partitions
N = 64; % Partition length
L = M*N; % Filter length
VADtd=48;
alp = 0.15; % Power estimation factor 
alc = 0.1; % Coherence estimation factor
step = 0.1875;%0.1875; % Downward step size
   
   
   
   
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上述初始化中,M=16和最新的WebRTC代码并不一致,且最新的WebRTC中支持aec3最新一代算法。

len=length(ssin);
NN=len;
Nb=floor(NN/N)-M;
for kk=1:Nb
    pos = N * (kk-1) + start;
   
   
   
   
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可以看出Nb是麦克风采集到的数据块数-16(分区数),这是因为第一次输入了16块,所以这里减掉了16。pos是每一次添加一块时的地址指针。

    %far is speaker played music
    xk = rrin(pos:pos+N-1);
    %near is micphone captured signal
    dk = ssin(pos:pos+N-1);
   
   
   
   
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xk和dk是读取到的64个点,这里是时域信号。

功率计算

    %----------------------- far end signal process
    xx = [xo;xk];
    xo = xk;
    tmp = fft(xx);
    XX = tmp(1:N+1);

    dd = [do;dk]; % Overlap
    do = dk;
    tmp = fft(dd); % Frequency domain
    DD = tmp(1:N+1);
   
   
   
   
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将xk和上一次的数据结合在一起,做FFT变换,由于两次组合在一起,那么得到的应该是N=128点,这里可以知道得到的谱分辨率是n∗fs/N” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>nfs/Nn∗fs/N之间的频率。第一个点是直流分量,所以取65个点。和上一帧64个点信号合并在一起的另一个原因是使用重叠保(overlap-save)留法将循环卷积变成线性卷积,这里做的FFT变换,就是为了减少时域里做卷积的计算量的。
计算远端信号功率谱

    % ------------------------far end Power estimation
    pn0 = (1 - alp) * pn0 + alp * real(XX.* conj(XX));
    pn = pn0;
   
   
   
   
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平滑功率谱,上一次的功率谱占85%(alp=0.15),后面的频域共轭相乘等于功率是有帕斯瓦尔定理支撑的。pn0是65*1的矩阵。

滤波

 XFm(:,1) = XX;
   
   
   
   
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首先将远端信号频谱赋给XFm,XFm是65*16的矩阵,16就是前面初始化的M值,这里将XX给第一列,其2~16列对应的是之前的输入频谱。

    for mm=0:(M-1)
        m=mm+1;
        YFb(:,m) = XFm(:,m) .* WFb(:,m);
    end
   
   
   
   
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YFb,WFb以及XFm都是65*16的矩阵,WFb是自适应滤波器的频谱表示,XFm是原始的speaker数据,上式的意义对应于插图中的y^” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>y^y^.

    yfk = sum(YFb,2);
    tmp = [yfk ; flipud(conj(yfk(2:N)))];
    ykt = real(ifft(tmp));
    ykfb = ykt(end-N+1:end);
   
   
   
   
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首先yfk是65*1的矩阵,sum求和就是将估计的频谱按行求和,也就是yfk包含了最近16个块的远端频谱估计信息,这样,只要近端麦克采集到的信号里有这16个块包含的远端信号,那么就可以消掉,从这里也可以看出来,容许的延迟差 在16*64/16=64ms,也就是说,如果麦克风采集到的speaker信号滞后speaker播放超过64ms,那么这种情况是无法消掉的,当然,延迟差越小越好。
flipud(conj(yfk(2:N))是因为前面计算频谱时利用奈奎斯特定理,也即实数的FFT结果按N/2对称,所以这里为了得到正确的ifft变换结果,先把频谱不全到fs” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>fsfs.
ykfb就是y^” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>y^y^.后面再看WFb是如何跟新。

误差估计

   ekfb = dk - ykfb;
   
   
   
   
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dk是麦克风采集到的信号,ykfb是y^” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>y^y^,这样得到的是误差信号,理想情况下,那么得到的误差信号就是需要的人声信号,而完全滤除 掉了speaker信号(远端信号)。

    erfb(pos:pos+N-1) = ekfb;
    tmp = fft([zm;ekfb]); % FD version for cancelling part (overlap-save)
    Ek = tmp(1:N+1);
   
   
   
   
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erfb是近端信号数组长度×1矩阵,存放的是全部样本对应的误差信号,这个保存仅仅是为了plot用的。
然后补了64个零,然后做FFT,Ek是误差信号FFT的结果。

自适应调节

   Ek2 = Ek ./(pn + 0.001); % Normalized error
   
   
   
   
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pn是当前帧远端信号功率谱,Ek是误差信号频谱。Ek2是归一化误差频谱。NLMS公式要求。

    absEf = max(abs(Ek2), threshold);
    absEf = ones(N+1,1)*threshold./absEf;
    Ek2 = Ek2.*absEf;
   
   
   
   
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max的作用是为了防止归一化后误差频谱过小,最终得到的Ek2是一个限幅矩阵,如果该点的值比门限大,则取门限,如果该点的值比门限小,则保持不变。

 mEk = mufb.*Ek2;
   
   
   
   
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mufb是步长,对于16000情况,步长取了0.8.NLMS公式。

 PP = conj(XFm).*(ones(M,1) * mEk')';
    tmp = [PP ; flipud(conj(PP(2:N,:)))];
    IFPP = real(ifft(tmp));
    PH = IFPP(1:N,:);
    tmp = fft([PH;zeros(N,M)]);
    FPH = tmp(1:N+1,:);
    WFb = WFb + FPH;
   
   
   
   
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PP是将远端信号的共轭乘以误差信号频谱,这一项用于调节步长,NLMS(步长=参考信号×步长×误差)的可变步长就提现在这里。PH是频域到时域的变换值。这和前面频域到时域的变换原理一样。WFb是权中系数的更新。

    if mod(kk, 10*mult) == 0
        WFbEn = sum(real(WFb.*conj(WFb)));
        %WFbEn = sum(abs(WFb));
        [tmp, dIdx] = max(WFbEn);

        WFbD = sum(abs(WFb(:, dIdx)),2);
        %WFbD = WFbD / (mean(WFbD) + 1e-10);
        WFbD = min(max(WFbD, 0.5), 4);
    end
     dIdxV(kk) = dIdx;
   
   
   
   
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上述的作用是更新dIdx和dIdxV。这里的更新并不是每一次都更新,一来是为了稳定,而来也是变相的减少计算量,提高实时性。就算是每一次都更新dIdx,WebRTC计算速度评估的结果也是很满意的。WFb是权重向量的频谱表示,WFbEn是权重向量按列求和,得到的是16*1的矩阵。这样得到的是16个块对权重的累加和。这样的区分度比直接累加和要大。
[tmp, dIdx] = max(WFbEn);作用就是找到16个块中权重累加和最大值及其对应的索引。
WFbD首先计算了权重最大那个块dIdx的列,然后将其按行求和,得到的就是65*1矩阵。WFbD不能低于0.5也不能高于4,算法中并未使用到,plot性能分析时用到。
最后把索引值dIdx存放到dIdxV(kk)中,这样每来一帧,就会有一个最大索引值放到dIdxV向量中。

功率谱密度和相关性计算

NLP

这里的NLP不是native language processing,而是Non-linear processing的意思。

        ee = [eo;ekfb];
        eo = ekfb;
        window = wins;
   
   
   
   
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上述作用是将上次的误差和ekfb组合,其中eo可以理解为error old。eo也确实保存了上一次的误差。window是简单将窗函数赋值。

        tmp = fft(xx.*window);
        xf = tmp(1:N+1);
        tmp = fft(dd.*window);
        df = tmp(1:N+1);
        tmp = fft(ee.*window);
        ef = tmp(1:N+1);
   
   
   
   
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上述代码是把xx,dd,ee加窗后做FFT变换,并且取了fs/2” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>fs/2fs/2的频谱部分存放到xf,df以及ef中。加窗的目的是为了减小频谱泄露,提高谱分辨率。

        xfwm(:,1) = xf;
        xf = xfwm(:,dIdx);
        %fprintf(1,'%d: %f\n', kk, xf(4));
        dfm(:,1) = df;
   
   
   
   
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将xf存放到xfwm的第一列,xfwm是65*16的矩阵,df做类似处理。
然后把dIdx指向的那一列传给xf,dIdx是之前计算的权重矩阵能量最大的那块的索引,这样从xfwm矩阵里把真正要处理近端信号对应的远端信号(speaker,参考信号)获取到。

        Se = gamma*Se + (1-gamma)*real(ef.*conj(ef));
        Sd = gamma*Sd + (1-gamma)*real(df.*conj(df));
        Sx = gamma*Sx + (1 - gamma)*real(xf.*conj(xf));
   
   
   
   
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计算ef,df和xf的平滑功率谱,gamma这里取值是0.92.相对于8k信号取值略大。它们都是65*1的矩阵,包括了直流分量的能力,剩下的64点是fs/2” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>fs/2fs/2及以下的频点能量。

        Sxd = gamma*Sxd + (1 - gamma)*xf.*conj(df);
        Sed = gamma*Sed + (1-gamma)*ef.*conj(df);
   
   
   
   
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计算互功率谱,这里计算了远端信号和近端信号功率谱,如果该值较大,则说明它们的相关性较强,说明近端信号采集到了远端信号的概率很大,这时需要进行噪声抑制,同样的如果误差信号和近端信号功率谱较大,则说明估计的y^” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>y^y^是比较准的,误差信号里剩余的远端信号较少,需要进行噪声抑制的概率就小。它们也都是65*1矩阵,对应频点的bin。但是上述获得的是绝对值而非相对值,门限设置不容易,需要一个归一化的过程。归一化的过程可以通过求互相关得到。

        cohed = real(Sed.*conj(Sed))./(Se.*Sd + 1e-10);
        cohedAvg(kk) = mean(cohed(echoBandRange));
        cohxd = real(Sxd.*conj(Sxd))./(Sx.*Sd + 1e-10);
   
   
   
   
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如上,计算误差信号和近端信号的互相关,1e-10是为了防止除0报错。cohed越大,表示回声越小,cohxd越大,表示回声越大,这里就可以设置一个统一的门限评判上下限了。

cohedMean = mean(cohed(echoBandRange));
   
   
   
   
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计算设置的echoBandRange里频点的均值,如果echoBandRange设置的过大,则低音部分如鼓点声则不易消掉。

        hnled = min(1 - cohxd, cohed);
   
   
   
   
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这里的作用就是把最小值赋值给hnled,该值越大,则说明越不需要消回声。之所以取二者判断,是为了最大可能性的消除掉回声。

        [hnlSort,   hnlSortIdx] = sort(1-cohxd(echoBandRange));
        [xSort, xSortIdx] = sort(Sx);
   
   
   
   
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对1-cohxd(echoBandRange)进行升序排序,同样对Sx也进行升序排序。

hnlSortQ = mean(1 - cohxd(echoBandRange));
   
   
   
   
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对远端和近端信号的带内互相关求均值。hnlSortQ表示远端和近端不相关性的平均值,其值越大约没有回声,与cohed含义一致。

 [hnlSort2, hnlSortIdx2] = sort(hnled(echoBandRange));
   
   
   
   
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对hnled进行升序排序。

        hnlQuant = 0.75;
        hnlQuantLow = 0.5;
        qIdx = floor(hnlQuant*length(hnlSort2));
        qIdxLow = floor(hnlQuantLow*length(hnlSort2));
        hnlPrefAvg = hnlSort2(qIdx);
        hnlPrefAvgLow = hnlSort2(qIdxLow);
   
   
   
   
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这里主要取了两个值,一个值取在了排序后的3/4处,一个值取在了排序后的1/2处。

            if cohedMean > 0.98 & hnlSortQ > 0.9
                suppState = 0;
            elseif cohedMean < 0.95 | hnlSortQ < 0.8
                suppState = 1;
            end
   
   
   
   
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如果误差和近端信号的互相关均值大于0.98,且远端和近端频带内的互不相关大于0.9,则说明不需要进行回声抑制,将suppState标志设置成0,如果误差和近端信号小于0.95或者远端和近端频带内信号不相关性小于0.8则需要进行印制,在这个范围之外的,回声抑制标志保持前一帧的状态。

            if hnlSortQ < cohxdLocalMin & hnlSortQ < 0.75
                cohxdLocalMin = hnlSortQ;
            end
   
   
   
   
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cohxdLocalMin的初始值是1,表示远端和近端完全不相关,这里判断计算得到的远端近端不相关性是否小于前一次的不相关性,如果小于且不相关性小于0.75,则更新cohxdLocalMin。

            if cohxdLocalMin == 1
                ovrd = 3;
                hnled = 1-cohxd;
                hnlPrefAvg = hnlSortQ;
                hnlPrefAvgLow = hnlSortQ;
            end
   
   
   
   
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如果cohxdLocalMin=1,则说明要么是发现远端和近端完全不相关,要么就是cohxdLocalMin一直没有更新,既然不相关性很大,那么也说明有回声的可能性小,那么使用较小的ovrd(over-driven)值,和较大的hnled(65*1)值。

            if suppState == 0
                hnled = cohed;
                hnlPrefAvg = cohedMean;
                hnlPrefAvgLow = cohedMean;
            end
   
   
   
   
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如果suppState==0,则说明不需要进行回声消除,直接用误差近端相关性修正误差信号,hnl的两个均值读取cohed的均值,在这种情况下hnled的值接近于1.

            if hnlPrefAvgLow < hnlLocalMin & hnlPrefAvgLow < 0.6
                hnlLocalMin = hnlPrefAvgLow;
                hnlMin = hnlPrefAvgLow;
                hnlNewMin = 1;
                hnlMinCtr = 0;
                if hnlMinCtr == 0
                    hnlMinCtr = hnlMinCtr + 1;
                else
                    hnlMinCtr = 0;
                    hnlMin = hnlLocalMin;
                    SeLocalMin = SeQ;
                    SdLocalMin = SdQ;
                    SeLocalAvg = 0;
                    minCtr = 0;
                    ovrd = max(log(0.0001)/log(hnlMin), 2);
                    divergeFact = hnlLocalMin;
                end
            end
   
   
   
   
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hnlLocalMin是hnl系数的最小值,在满足这条判断的情况下发现了更小的值,需要对其进行更新,同时表标志设置成1,计数清0,这种情况下回声的概率较大,所以把ovrd设大以增强抑制能力。

            if hnlMinCtr == 2
                hnlNewMin = 0;
                hnlMinCtr = 0;
                ovrd = max(log(0.00000001)/(log(hnlMin + 1e-10) + 1e-10), 5);

            end
   
   
   
   
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hnlMinCtr==2,说明之前有满足<0.6的块使得hnlMinCtr=2,然后其下一块又没有满足<0.6的条件,进而更新了ovrd值。默认是和3比较取最大值,这里调节成5是为了增加抑制效果,实际情况还需要针对系统调试。

            hnlLocalMin = min(hnlLocalMin + 0.0008/mult, 1);
            cohxdLocalMin = min(cohxdLocalMin + 0.0004/mult, 1);
   
   
   
   
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跟新上述两个值,mult是fs/8000” role=”presentation” style=”position: relative;”>fs/8000fs/8000,对于16kHz,就是2.就是0.0004和0.0002的差异。

            if ovrd < ovrdSm
                ovrdSm = 0.99*ovrdSm + 0.01*ovrd;
            else
                ovrdSm = 0.9*ovrdSm + 0.1*ovrd;
            end
   
   
   
   
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平滑更新ovrdSm,上述结果倾向于保持ovrdSm是一个较大的值,这个较大的值是为了尽量抑制回声。

        ekEn = sum(Se);
        dkEn = sum(Sd);
   
   
   
   
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按行求和,物理意义分别是误差能量和近端信号能量。

发散处理

 if divergeState == 0
            if ekEn > dkEn
                ef = df;
                divergeState = 1;
            end
        else
            if ekEn*1.05 < dkEn
                divergeState = 0;
            else
                ef = df;
            end
        end
   
   
   
   
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如果不进行发散处理,误差能量大于近端能力,则用近端频谱更新误差频谱并把发散状态设置成1,如果误差能量的1.05倍小于近端能量,则发散处理标志设置成0.

        if ekEn > dkEn*19.95
            WFb=zeros(N+1,M); % Block-based FD NLMS
        end
   
   
   
   
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如果误差能量大于近端能量×19.95则,将权重系数矩阵设置成0.

        ekEnV(kk) = ekEn;
        dkEnV(kk) = dkEn;
   
   
   
   
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相应能量存放在相应的向量中。

        hnlLocalMinV(kk) = hnlLocalMin;
        cohxdLocalMinV(kk) = cohxdLocalMin;
        hnlMinV(kk) = hnlMin;
   
   
   
   
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上述三个向量保存对应值。

平滑滤波器系数和抑制指数

        wCurve = [0; aggrFact*sqrt(linspace(0,1,N))' + 0.1];
   
   
   
   
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权重系数曲线生成,线性均匀分布。

    hnled = weight.*min(hnlPrefAvg, hnled) + (1 - weight).*hnled;
   
   
   
   
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使用权重平滑hnled,wCurve分布是让65点中频率越高的点本次hnled占的比重越大,反之则以前的平滑结果所占比重大。

od = ovrdSm*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1))' + 1);
   
   
   
   
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产生65*1的曲线,用作更新hnled的幂指数。

      hnled = hnled.^(od.*sshift);
   
   
   
   
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od作为幂指数跟新hnled。

输出回声消除后的信号

 hnl = hnled;
 ef = ef.*(hnl);
   
   
   
   
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用hnl系数与误差频谱相乘,即频域卷积,就是将误差信号通过了传递函数为hnnl的滤波器。

        ovrdV(kk) = ovrdSm;
        hnledAvg(kk) = 1-mean(1-cohed(echoBandRange));
        hnlxdAvg(kk) = 1-mean(cohxd(echoBandRange));
        hnlSortQV(kk) = hnlPrefAvgLow;
        hnlPrefAvgV(kk) = hnlPrefAvg;
   
   
   
   
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相关值的暂存
没有开启舒适噪声产生,则Fmix=ef。

    % Overlap and add in time domain for smoothness
    tmp = [Fmix ; flipud(conj(Fmix(2:N)))];
    mixw = wins.*real(ifft(tmp));
    mola = mbuf(end-N+1:end) + mixw(1:N);
    mbuf = mixw;
    ercn(pos:pos+N-1) = mola;
   
   
   
   
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则使用重叠想加法获得时域平滑信号。

    XFm(:,2:end) = XFm(:,1:end-1);
    YFm(:,2:end) = YFm(:,1:end-1);
    xfwm(:,2:end) = xfwm(:,1:end-1);
    dfm(:,2:end) = dfm(:,1:end-1);
   
   
   
   
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全体后移一个块,进入下一块迭代。
执行完了之后,如果想听回声消除后信号的声音,使用如下命令:
sound(10*ercn,16000)
其中16000是输入信号的频率。

整体的Matlab代码如下:

% Partitioned block frequency domain adaptive filtering NLMS and
% standard time-domain sample-based NLMS
%near is micphone captured signal
fid=fopen('near.pcm', 'rb'); % Load far end
ssin=fread(fid,inf,'float32');
fclose(fid);
%far is speaker played music
fid=fopen('far.pcm', 'rb'); % Load fnear end
rrin=fread(fid,inf,'float32');
fclose(fid);

rand('state',13);
fs=16000;
mult=fs/8000;
if fs == 8000
cohRange = 2:3;
elseif fs==16000
cohRange = 2;
end

% Flags
NLPon=1; % NLP on
CNon=0; % Comfort noise on
PLTon=0; % Plotting on

M = 16; % Number of partitions
N = 64; % Partition length
L = M*N; % Filter length
if fs == 8000
    mufb = 0.6;
else
    mufb = 0.8;
end
VADtd=48;
alp = 0.15; % Power estimation factor 
alc = 0.1; % Coherence estimation factor
beta = 0.9; % Plotting factor
%% Changed a little %%
step = 0.1875;%0.1875; % Downward step size
%%
if fs == 8000
    threshold=2e-6; % DTrob threshold
else
    %threshold=0.7e-6;
    threshold=1.5e-6; 
end

if fs == 8000
    echoBandRange = ceil(300*2/fs*N):floor(1800*2/fs*N);
else
    echoBandRange = ceil(60*2/fs*N):floor(1500*2/fs*N);
end
suppState = 1;
transCtr = 0;

Nt=1;
vt=1;

ramp = 1.0003; % Upward ramp
rampd = 0.999; % Downward ramp
cvt = 20; % Subband VAD threshold;
nnthres = 20; % Noise threshold

shh=logspace(-1.3,-2.2,N+1)';
sh=[shh;flipud(shh(2:end-1))]; % Suppression profile

len=length(ssin);
w=zeros(L,1); % Sample-based TD(time domain) NLMS
WFb=zeros(N+1,M); % Block-based FD(frequency domain) NLMS
WFbOld=zeros(N+1,M); % Block-based FD NLMS
YFb=zeros(N+1,M);
erfb=zeros(len,1);
erfb3=zeros(len,1);

ercn=zeros(len,1);
zm=zeros(N,1);
XFm=zeros(N+1,M);
YFm=zeros(N+1,M);
pn0=10*ones(N+1,1);
pn=zeros(N+1,1);
NN=len;
Nb=floor(NN/N)-M;
erifb=zeros(Nb+1,1)+0.1;
erifb3=zeros(Nb+1,1)+0.1;
ericn=zeros(Nb+1,1)+0.1;
dri=zeros(Nb+1,1)+0.1;
start=1;
xo=zeros(N,1);
do=xo;
eo=xo;

echoBands=zeros(Nb+1,1);
cohxdAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
cohxdSlow=zeros(Nb+1,N+1);
cohedSlow=zeros(Nb+1,N+1);
%overdriveM=zeros(Nb+1,N+1);
cohxdFastAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
cohxdAvgBad=zeros(Nb+1,1);
cohedAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
cohedFastAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
hnledAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
hnlxdAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
ovrdV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
dIdxV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
SLxV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
hnlSortQV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
hnlPrefAvgV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
mutInfAvg=zeros(Nb+1,1);
%overdrive=zeros(Nb+1,1);
hnled = zeros(N+1, 1);
weight=zeros(N+1,1);
hnlMax = zeros(N+1, 1);
hnl = zeros(N+1, 1);
overdrive = ones(1, N+1);
xfwm=zeros(N+1,M);
dfm=zeros(N+1,M);
WFbD=ones(N+1,1);

fbSupp = 0;
hnlLocalMin = 1;
cohxdLocalMin = 1;
hnlLocalMinV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
cohxdLocalMinV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
hnlMinV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
dkEnV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
ekEnV=zeros(Nb+1,1);
ovrd = 2;
ovrdPos = floor((N+1)/4);
ovrdSm = 2;
hnlMin = 1;
minCtr = 0;
SeMin = 0;
SdMin = 0;
SeLocalAvg = 0;
SeMinSm = 0;
divergeFact = 1;
dIdx = 1;
hnlMinCtr = 0;
hnlNewMin = 0;
divergeState = 0;

Sy=ones(N+1,1);
Sym=1e7*ones(N+1,1);

wins=[0;sqrt(hanning(2*N-1))];
ubufn=zeros(2*N,1);
ebuf=zeros(2*N,1);
ebuf2=zeros(2*N,1);
ebuf4=zeros(2*N,1);
mbuf=zeros(2*N,1);

cohedFast = zeros(N+1,1);
cohxdFast = zeros(N+1,1);
cohxd = zeros(N+1,1);
Se = zeros(N+1,1);
Sd = zeros(N+1,1);
Sx = zeros(N+1,1);
SxBad = zeros(N+1,1);
Sed = zeros(N+1,1);
Sxd = zeros(N+1,1);
SxdBad = zeros(N+1,1);
hnledp=[];

cohxdMax = 0;

hh=waitbar(0,'Please wait...');
%progressbar(0);

%spaces = ' ';
%spaces = repmat(spaces, 50, 1);
%spaces = ['[' ; spaces ; ']'];
%fprintf(1, spaces);
%fprintf(1, '\n');

for kk=1:Nb
    pos = N * (kk-1) + start;

    % FD block method
    % ---------------------- Organize data

    %far is speaker played music
    xk = rrin(pos:pos+N-1);
    %near is micphone captured signal
    dk = ssin(pos:pos+N-1);

    %----------------------- far end signal process
    xx = [xo;xk];
    xo = xk;
    tmp = fft(xx);
    XX = tmp(1:N+1);

    dd = [do;dk]; % Overlap
    do = dk;
    tmp = fft(dd); % Frequency domain
    DD = tmp(1:N+1);

    % ------------------------far end Power estimation
    pn0 = (1 - alp) * pn0 + alp * real(XX.* conj(XX));
    pn = pn0;
%   pn = (1 - alp) * pn + alp * M * pn0;

    % ---------------------- Filtering
    XFm(:,1) = XX;
    for mm=0:(M-1)
        m=mm+1;
        YFb(:,m) = XFm(:,m) .* WFb(:,m);
    end
    yfk = sum(YFb,2);
    tmp = [yfk ; flipud(conj(yfk(2:N)))];
    ykt = real(ifft(tmp));
    ykfb = ykt(end-N+1:end);

    % ---------------------- Error estimation
    ekfb = dk - ykfb;
    %if sum(abs(ekfb)) < sum(abs(dk))
        %ekfb = dk - ykfb;
    % erfb(pos:pos+N-1) = ekfb;
    %else
        %ekfb = dk;
    % erfb(pos:pos+N-1) = dk;
    %end
%(kk-1)*(N*2)+1
    erfb(pos:pos+N-1) = ekfb;
    tmp = fft([zm;ekfb]); % FD version for cancelling part (overlap-save)
    Ek = tmp(1:N+1);

    % ------------------------ Adaptation
    %Ek2 = Ek ./(M*pn + 0.001); % Normalized error
    Ek2 = Ek ./(pn + 0.001); % Normalized error

    absEf = max(abs(Ek2), threshold);
    absEf = ones(N+1,1)*threshold./absEf;
    Ek2 = Ek2.*absEf;

    mEk = mufb.*Ek2;
    PP = conj(XFm).*(ones(M,1) * mEk')';
    tmp = [PP ; flipud(conj(PP(2:N,:)))];
    IFPP = real(ifft(tmp));
    PH = IFPP(1:N,:);
    tmp = fft([PH;zeros(N,M)]);
    FPH = tmp(1:N+1,:);
    WFb = WFb + FPH;

%     if mod(kk, 10*mult) == 0
        WFbEn = sum(real(WFb.*conj(WFb)));
        %WFbEn = sum(abs(WFb));
        [tmp, dIdx] = max(WFbEn);

        WFbD = sum(abs(WFb(:, dIdx)),2);
        %WFbD = WFbD / (mean(WFbD) + 1e-10);
        WFbD = min(max(WFbD, 0.5), 4);
%     end
    dIdxV(kk) = dIdx;

    % NLP
    if (NLPon)  
        ee = [eo;ekfb];
        eo = ekfb;
        window = wins;
        if fs == 8000
            gamma = 0.9;
        else
        gamma = 0.93;
        end

        tmp = fft(xx.*window);
        xf = tmp(1:N+1);
        tmp = fft(dd.*window);
        df = tmp(1:N+1);
        tmp = fft(ee.*window);
        ef = tmp(1:N+1);

        xfwm(:,1) = xf;
        xf = xfwm(:,dIdx);
        %fprintf(1,'%d: %f\n', kk, xf(4));
        dfm(:,1) = df;

        SxOld = Sx;

        Se = gamma*Se + (1-gamma)*real(ef.*conj(ef));
        Sd = gamma*Sd + (1-gamma)*real(df.*conj(df));
        Sx = gamma*Sx + (1 - gamma)*real(xf.*conj(xf));

        %xRatio = real(xfwm(:,1).*conj(xfwm(:,1))) ./ ...
        % (real(xfwm(:,2).*conj(xfwm(:,2))) + 1e-10);
        %xRatio = Sx ./ (SxOld + 1e-10);
        %SLx = log(1/(N+1)*sum(xRatio)) - 1/(N+1)*sum(log(xRatio));
        %SLxV(kk) = SLx;

%         freqSm = 0.9;
%         Sx = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sx);
%         Sx(end:1) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sx(end:1));
%         Se = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Se);
%         Se(end:1) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Se(end:1));
%         Sd = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sd);
%         Sd(end:1) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sd(end:1));

        %SeFast = ef.*conj(ef);
        %SdFast = df.*conj(df);
        %SxFast = xf.*conj(xf);
        %cohedFast = 0.9*cohedFast + 0.1*SeFast ./ (SdFast + 1e-10);
        %cohedFast(find(cohedFast > 1)) = 1;
        %cohedFast(find(cohedFast > 1)) = 1 ./ cohedFast(find(cohedFast>1));
        %cohedFastAvg(kk) = mean(cohedFast(echoBandRange));
        %cohedFastAvg(kk) = min(cohedFast);

        %cohxdFast = 0.8*cohxdFast + 0.2*log(SdFast ./ (SxFast + 1e-10));
        %cohxdFastAvg(kk) = mean(cohxdFast(echoBandRange));

        % coherence
        Sxd = gamma*Sxd + (1 - gamma)*xf.*conj(df);
        Sed = gamma*Sed + (1-gamma)*ef.*conj(df);

%         Sxd = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sxd);
%         Sxd(end:1) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sxd(end:1));
%         Sed = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sed);
%         Sed(end:1) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], Sed(end:1));

        cohed = real(Sed.*conj(Sed))./(Se.*Sd + 1e-10);
        cohedAvg(kk) = mean(cohed(echoBandRange));
        %cohedAvg(kk) = cohed(6);
        %cohedAvg(kk) = min(cohed);

        cohxd = real(Sxd.*conj(Sxd))./(Sx.*Sd + 1e-10);
        freqSm = 0.6;
        cohxd(2:end) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], cohxd(2:end));
        cohxd(end:2) = filter(freqSm, [1 -(1-freqSm)], cohxd(end:2));
        cohxdAvg(kk) = mean(cohxd(echoBandRange));
        %cohxdAvg(kk) = (cohxd(32));
        %cohxdAvg(kk) = max(cohxd);

        %xf = xfm(:,dIdx);
        %SxBad = gamma*SxBad + (1 - gamma)*real(xf.*conj(xf));
        %SxdBad = gamma*SxdBad + (1 - gamma)*xf.*conj(df);
        %cohxdBad = real(SxdBad.*conj(SxdBad))./(SxBad.*Sd + 0.01);
        %cohxdAvgBad(kk) = mean(cohxdBad);

        %for j=1:N+1
        % mutInf(j) = 0.9*mutInf(j) + 0.1*information(abs(xfm(j,:)), abs(dfm(j,:)));
        %end
        %mutInfAvg(kk) = mean(mutInf);

        %hnled = cohedFast;
        %xIdx = find(cohxd > 1 - cohed);
        %hnled(xIdx) = 1 - cohxd(xIdx);
        %hnled = 1 - max(cohxd, 1-cohedFast);
        hnled = min(1 - cohxd, cohed);
        %hnled = 1 - cohxd;
        %hnled = max(1 - (cohxd + (1-cohedFast)), 0);
        %hnled = 1 - max(cohxd, 1-cohed);

        if kk > 1
            cohxdSlow(kk,:) = 0.99*cohxdSlow(kk-1,:) + 0.01*cohxd';
            cohedSlow(kk,:) = 0.99*cohedSlow(kk-1,:) + 0.01*(1-cohed)';
        end


        if 0
        %if kk > 50
            %idx = find(hnled > 0.3);
            hnlMax = hnlMax*0.9999;
            %hnlMax(idx) = max(hnlMax(idx), hnled(idx));
            hnlMax = max(hnlMax, hnled);
            %overdrive(idx) = max(log(hnlMax(idx))/log(0.99), 1);
            avgHnl = mean(hnlMax(echoBandRange));
            if avgHnl > 0.3
                overdrive = max(log(avgHnl)/log(0.99), 1);
            end
            weight(4:end) = max(hnlMax) - hnlMax(4:end);
        end



        %[hg, gidx] = max(hnled);
        %fnrg = Sx(gidx) / (Sd(gidx) + 1e-10);

        %[tmp, bidx] = find((Sx / Sd + 1e-10) > fnrg);
        %hnled(bidx) = hg;


        %cohed1 = mean(cohed(cohRange)); % range depends on bandwidth
        %cohed1 = cohed1^2;
        %echoBands(kk) = length(find(cohed(echoBandRange) < 0.25))/length(echoBandRange);

        %if (fbSupp == 0)
        % if (echoBands(kk) > 0.8)
        % fbSupp = 1;
        % end
        %else
        % if (echoBands(kk) < 0.6)
        % fbSupp = 0;
        % end
        %end
        %overdrive(kk) = 7.5*echoBands(kk) + 0.5;

% Factor by which to weight other bands
%if (cohed1 < 0.1)
% w = 0.8 - cohed1*10*0.4;
%else
% w = 0.4;
%end

% Weight coherence subbands
%hnled = w*cohed1 + (1 - w)*cohed;
%hnled = (hnled).^2;
%cohed(floor(N/2):end) = cohed(floor(N/2):end).^2;
        %if fbSupp == 1
        % cohed = zeros(size(cohed));
        %end
        %cohed = cohed.^overdrive(kk);

        %hnled = gamma*hnled + (1 - gamma)*cohed;
% Additional hf suppression
%hnledp = [hnledp ; mean(hnled)];
%hnled(floor(N/2):end) = hnled(floor(N/2):end).^2;
%ef = ef.*((weight*(min(1 - hnled)).^2 + (1 - weight).*(1 - hnled)).^2);

        cohedMean = mean(cohed(echoBandRange));
        %aggrFact = 4*(1-mean(hnled(echoBandRange))) + 1;
        %[hnlSort, hnlSortIdx] = sort(hnled(echoBandRange));
        [hnlSort,   hnlSortIdx] = sort(1-cohxd(echoBandRange));
        [xSort, xSortIdx] = sort(Sx);
        %aggrFact = (1-mean(hnled(echoBandRange)));
        %hnlSortQ = hnlSort(qIdx);
        hnlSortQ = mean(1 - cohxd(echoBandRange));
        %hnlSortQ = mean(1 - cohxd);

        [hnlSort2, hnlSortIdx2] = sort(hnled(echoBandRange));
        %[hnlSort2, hnlSortIdx2] = sort(hnled);
        hnlQuant = 0.75;
        hnlQuantLow = 0.5;
        qIdx = floor(hnlQuant*length(hnlSort2));
        qIdxLow = floor(hnlQuantLow*length(hnlSort2));
        hnlPrefAvg = hnlSort2(qIdx);
        hnlPrefAvgLow = hnlSort2(qIdxLow);
        %hnlPrefAvgLow = mean(hnled);
        %hnlPrefAvg = max(hnlSort2);
        %hnlPrefAvgLow = min(hnlSort2);

        %hnlPref = hnled(echoBandRange);
        %hnlPrefAvg = mean(hnlPref(xSortIdx((0.5*length(xSortIdx)):end)));

        %hnlPrefAvg = min(hnlPrefAvg, hnlSortQ);

        %hnlSortQIdx = hnlSortIdx(qIdx);
        %SeQ = Se(qIdx + echoBandRange(1) - 1);
        %SdQ = Sd(qIdx + echoBandRange(1) - 1);
        %SeQ = Se(qIdxLow + echoBandRange(1) - 1);
        %SdQ = Sd(qIdxLow + echoBandRange(1) - 1);
        %propLow = length(find(hnlSort < 0.1))/length(hnlSort);
        %aggrFact = min((1 - hnlSortQ)/2, 0.5);
        %aggrTerm = 1/aggrFact;

        %hnlg = mean(hnled(echoBandRange));
        %hnlg = hnlSortQ;
        %if suppState == 0
        % if hnlg < 0.05
        % suppState = 2;
        % transCtr = 0;
        % elseif hnlg < 0.75
        % suppState = 1;
        % transCtr = 0;
        % end
        %elseif suppState == 1
        % if hnlg > 0.8
        % suppState = 0;
        % transCtr = 0;
        % elseif hnlg < 0.05
        % suppState = 2;
        % transCtr = 0;
        % end
        %else
        % if hnlg > 0.8
        % suppState = 0;
        % transCtr = 0;
        % elseif hnlg > 0.25
        % suppState = 1;
        % transCtr = 0;
        % end
        %end
        %if kk > 50

            if cohedMean > 0.98 & hnlSortQ > 0.9
                %if suppState == 1
                % hnled = 0.5*hnled + 0.5*cohed;
                % %hnlSortQ = 0.5*hnlSortQ + 0.5*cohedMean;
                % hnlPrefAvg = 0.5*hnlPrefAvg + 0.5*cohedMean;
                %else
                % hnled = cohed;
                % %hnlSortQ = cohedMean;
                % hnlPrefAvg = cohedMean;
                %end
                suppState = 0;
            elseif cohedMean < 0.95 | hnlSortQ < 0.8
                %if suppState == 0
                % hnled = 0.5*hnled + 0.5*cohed;
                % %hnlSortQ = 0.5*hnlSortQ + 0.5*cohedMean;
                % hnlPrefAvg = 0.5*hnlPrefAvg + 0.5*cohedMean;
                %end
                suppState = 1;
            end

            if hnlSortQ < cohxdLocalMin & hnlSortQ < 0.75
                cohxdLocalMin = hnlSortQ;
            end

            if cohxdLocalMin == 1
                ovrd = 3;
                hnled = 1-cohxd;
                hnlPrefAvg = hnlSortQ;
                hnlPrefAvgLow = hnlSortQ;
            end

            if suppState == 0
                hnled = cohed;
                hnlPrefAvg = cohedMean;
                hnlPrefAvgLow = cohedMean;
            end

            %if hnlPrefAvg < hnlLocalMin & hnlPrefAvg < 0.6
            if hnlPrefAvgLow < hnlLocalMin & hnlPrefAvgLow < 0.6
                %hnlLocalMin = hnlPrefAvg;
                %hnlMin = hnlPrefAvg;
                hnlLocalMin = hnlPrefAvgLow;
                hnlMin = hnlPrefAvgLow;
                hnlNewMin = 1;
                hnlMinCtr = 0;
                if hnlMinCtr == 0
                    hnlMinCtr = hnlMinCtr + 1;
                else
                    hnlMinCtr = 0;
                    hnlMin = hnlLocalMin;
                    SeLocalMin = SeQ;
                    SdLocalMin = SdQ;
                    SeLocalAvg = 0;
                    minCtr = 0;
                    ovrd = max(log(0.0001)/log(hnlMin), 2);
                    divergeFact = hnlLocalMin;
                end
            end

            if hnlNewMin == 1
                hnlMinCtr = hnlMinCtr + 1;
            end
            if hnlMinCtr == 2
                hnlNewMin = 0;
                hnlMinCtr = 0;
                %ovrd = max(log(0.0001)/log(hnlMin), 2);
%                 ovrd = max(log(0.00001)/(log(hnlMin + 1e-10) + 1e-10), 3);
                ovrd = max(log(0.00000001)/(log(hnlMin + 1e-10) + 1e-10), 5);
                %ovrd = max(log(0.0001)/log(hnlPrefAvg), 2);
                %ovrd = max(log(0.001)/log(hnlMin), 2);
            end
            hnlLocalMin = min(hnlLocalMin + 0.0008/mult, 1);
            cohxdLocalMin = min(cohxdLocalMin + 0.0004/mult, 1);
            %divergeFact = hnlSortQ;


            %if minCtr > 0 & hnlLocalMin < 1
            % hnlMin = hnlLocalMin;
            % %SeMin = 0.9*SeMin + 0.1*sqrt(SeLocalMin);
            % SdMin = sqrt(SdLocalMin);
            % %SeMin = sqrt(SeLocalMin)*hnlSortQ;
            % SeMin = sqrt(SeLocalMin);
            % %ovrd = log(100/SeMin)/log(hnlSortQ);
            % %ovrd = log(100/SeMin)/log(hnlSortQ);
            % ovrd = log(0.01)/log(hnlMin);
            % ovrd = max(ovrd, 2);
            % ovrdPos = hnlSortQIdx;
            % %ovrd = max(ovrd, 1);
            % %SeMin = sqrt(SeLocalAvg/5);
            % minCtr = 0;
            %else
            % %SeLocalMin = 0.9*SeLocalMin +0.1*SeQ;
            % SeLocalAvg = SeLocalAvg + SeQ;
            % minCtr = minCtr + 1;
            %end

            if ovrd < ovrdSm
                ovrdSm = 0.99*ovrdSm + 0.01*ovrd;
            else
                ovrdSm = 0.9*ovrdSm + 0.1*ovrd;
            end
        %end

%         ekEn = sum(real(ekfb.^2));
%         dkEn = sum(real(dk.^2));
        ekEn = sum(Se);
        dkEn = sum(Sd);

        if divergeState == 0
            if ekEn > dkEn
                ef = df;
                divergeState = 1;
                %hnlPrefAvg = hnlSortQ;
                %hnled = (1 - cohxd);
            end
        else
            %if ekEn*1.1 < dkEn
            %if ekEn*1.26 < dkEn
            if ekEn*1.05 < dkEn
                divergeState = 0;
            else
                ef = df;
            end
        end

        if ekEn > dkEn*19.95
            WFb=zeros(N+1,M); % Block-based FD NLMS
        end

        ekEnV(kk) = ekEn;
        dkEnV(kk) = dkEn;

        hnlLocalMinV(kk) = hnlLocalMin;
        cohxdLocalMinV(kk) = cohxdLocalMin;
        hnlMinV(kk) = hnlMin;
        %cohxdMaxLocal = max(cohxdSlow(kk,:));
        %if kk > 50
        %cohxdMaxLocal = 1-hnlSortQ;
        %if cohxdMaxLocal > 0.5
        % %if cohxdMaxLocal > cohxdMax
        % odScale = max(log(cohxdMaxLocal)/log(0.95), 1);
        % %overdrive(7:end) = max(log(cohxdSlow(kk,7:end))/log(0.9), 1);
        % cohxdMax = cohxdMaxLocal;
        % end
        %end
        %end
        %cohxdMax = cohxdMax*0.999;

        %overdriveM(kk,:) = max(overdrive, 1);
        %aggrFact = 0.25;
        aggrFact = 0.3;
        %aggrFact = 0.5*propLow;
        %if fs == 8000
        % wCurve = [0 ; 0 ; aggrFact*sqrt(linspace(0,1,N-1))' + 0.1];
        %else
        % wCurve = [0; 0; 0; aggrFact*sqrt(linspace(0,1,N-2))' + 0.1];
        %end
        wCurve = [0; aggrFact*sqrt(linspace(0,1,N))' + 0.1];
        % For sync with C
        %if fs == 8000
        % wCurve = wCurve(2:end);
        %else
        % wCurve = wCurve(1:end-1);
        %end
        %weight = aggrFact*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1)'));
        %weight = aggrFact*wCurve;
        weight = wCurve;
        %weight = aggrFact*ones(N+1,1);
        %weight = zeros(N+1,1);
        %hnled = weight.*min(hnled) + (1 - weight).*hnled;
        %hnled = weight.*min(mean(hnled(echoBandRange)), hnled) + (1 - weight).*hnled;
        %hnled = weight.*min(hnlSortQ, hnled) + (1 - weight).*hnled;

        %hnlSortQV(kk) = mean(hnled);
        %hnlPrefAvgV(kk) = mean(hnled(echoBandRange));

        hnled = weight.*min(hnlPrefAvg, hnled) + (1 - weight).*hnled;

        %od = aggrFact*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1)') + aggrTerm);
        %od = 4*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1)') + 1/4);

        %ovrdFact = (ovrdSm - 1) / sqrt(ovrdPos/(N+1));
        %ovrdFact = ovrdSm / sqrt(echoBandRange(floor(length(echoBandRange)/2))/(N+1));
        %od = ovrdFact*sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1))' + 1;
        %od = ovrdSm*ones(N+1,1).*abs(WFb(:,dIdx))/(max(abs(WFb(:,dIdx)))+1e-10);

        %od = ovrdSm*ones(N+1,1);
        %od = ovrdSm*WFbD.*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1))' + 1);

        od = ovrdSm*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1))' + 1);
        %od = 4*(sqrt(linspace(0,1,N+1))' + 1);

        %od = 2*ones(N+1,1);
        %od = 2*ones(N+1,1);
        %sshift = ((1-hnled)*2-1).^3+1;
        sshift = ones(N+1,1);

        hnled = hnled.^(od.*sshift);

        %if hnlg > 0.75
            %if (suppState ~= 0)
            % transCtr = 0;
            %end
        % suppState = 0;
        %elseif hnlg < 0.6 & hnlg > 0.2
        % suppState = 1;
        %elseif hnlg < 0.1
            %hnled = zeros(N+1, 1);
            %if (suppState ~= 2)
            % transCtr = 0;
            %end
        % suppState = 2;
        %else
        % if (suppState ~= 2)
        % transCtr = 0;
        % end
        % suppState = 2;
        %end
        %if suppState == 0
        % hnled = ones(N+1, 1);
        %elseif suppState == 2
        % hnled = zeros(N+1, 1);
        %end
        %hnled(find(hnled < 0.1)) = 0;
        %hnled = hnled.^2;
        %if transCtr < 5
            %hnl = 0.75*hnl + 0.25*hnled;
        % transCtr = transCtr + 1;
        %else
            hnl = hnled;
        %end
        %hnled(find(hnled < 0.05)) = 0;
        ef = ef.*(hnl);

        %ef = ef.*(min(1 - cohxd, cohed).^2);
        %ef = ef.*((1-cohxd).^2);

        ovrdV(kk) = ovrdSm;
        %ovrdV(kk) = dIdx;
        %ovrdV(kk) = divergeFact;
        %hnledAvg(kk) = 1-mean(1-cohedFast(echoBandRange));
        hnledAvg(kk) = 1-mean(1-cohed(echoBandRange));
        hnlxdAvg(kk) = 1-mean(cohxd(echoBandRange));
        %hnlxdAvg(kk) = cohxd(5);
        %hnlSortQV(kk) = mean(hnled);
        hnlSortQV(kk) = hnlPrefAvgLow;
        hnlPrefAvgV(kk) = hnlPrefAvg;
        %hnlAvg(kk) = propLow;
        %ef(N/2:end) = 0;
        %ner = (sum(Sd) ./ (sum(Se.*(hnl.^2)) + 1e-10));

        % Comfort noise
        if (CNon)
            snn=sqrt(Sym);
            snn(1)=0; % Reject LF noise
            Un=snn.*exp(j*2*pi.*[0;rand(N-1,1);0]);

            % Weight comfort noise by suppression
            Un = sqrt(1-hnled.^2).*Un;
            Fmix = ef + Un;
        else
            Fmix = ef;
        end

    % Overlap and add in time domain for smoothness
    tmp = [Fmix ; flipud(conj(Fmix(2:N)))];
    mixw = wins.*real(ifft(tmp));
    mola = mbuf(end-N+1:end) + mixw(1:N);
    mbuf = mixw;
    ercn(pos:pos+N-1) = mola;%%%%%-------------you can hear the effect by sound(10*ercn,16000),add by Shichaog
    end % NLPon

    % Filter update
    % Ek2 = Ek ./(12*pn + 0.001); % Normalized error
    %     Ek2 = Ek2 * divergeFact;
    Ek2 = Ek ./(pn + 0.001); % Normalized error
    %Ek2 = Ek ./(100*pn + 0.001); % Normalized error

    %divergeIdx = find(abs(Ek) > abs(DD));
    %divergeIdx = find(Se > Sd);
    %threshMod = threshold*ones(N+1,1);
    %if length(divergeIdx) > 0
    %if sum(abs(Ek)) > sum(abs(DD))
        %WFb(divergeIdx,:) = WFb(divergeIdx,:) .* repmat(sqrt(Sd(divergeIdx)./(Se(divergeIdx)+1e-10))),1,M);
        %Ek2(divergeIdx) = Ek2(divergeIdx) .* sqrt(Sd(divergeIdx)./(Se(divergeIdx)+1e-10));
        %Ek2(divergeIdx) = Ek2(divergeIdx) .* abs(DD(divergeIdx))./(abs(Ek(divergeIdx))+1e-10);
        %WFb(divergeIdx,:) = WFbOld(divergeIdx,:);
        %WFb = WFbOld;
        %threshMod(divergeIdx) = threshMod(divergeIdx) .* abs(DD(divergeIdx))./(abs(Ek(divergeIdx))+1e-10);
    % threshMod(divergeIdx) = threshMod(divergeIdx) .* sqrt(Sd(divergeIdx)./(Se(divergeIdx)+1e-10));
    %end

%absEf = max(abs(Ek2), threshold);
%absEf = ones(N+1,1)*threshold./absEf;
%absEf = max(abs(Ek2), threshMod);
%absEf = threshMod./absEf;
%Ek2 = Ek2.*absEf;

    %if sum(Se) <= sum(Sd)

    % mEk = mufb.*Ek2;
    % PP = conj(XFm).*(ones(M,1) * mEk')';
    % tmp = [PP ; flipud(conj(PP(2:N,:)))];
    % IFPP = real(ifft(tmp));
    % PH = IFPP(1:N,:);
    % tmp = fft([PH;zeros(N,M)]);
    % FPH = tmp(1:N+1,:);
    % %WFbOld = WFb;
    % WFb = WFb + FPH;

    %else
    % WF = WFbOld;
    %end

% Shift old FFTs
    XFm(:,2:end) = XFm(:,1:end-1);
    YFm(:,2:end) = YFm(:,1:end-1);
    xfwm(:,2:end) = xfwm(:,1:end-1);
    dfm(:,2:end) = dfm(:,1:end-1);

%if mod(kk, floor(Nb/50)) == 0
    % fprintf(1, '.');
%end

if mod(kk, floor(Nb/100)) == 0
%if mod(kk, floor(Nb/500)) == 0
        %progressbar(kk/Nb);
        %figure(5)
        %plot(abs(WFb));
        %legend('1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12');
        %title(kk*N/fs);
        %figure(6)
        %plot(WFbD);
        %figure(6)
        %plot(threshMod)
        %if length(divergeIdx) > 0
        % plot(abs(DD))
        % hold on
        % plot(abs(Ek), 'r')
        % hold off
            %plot(min(sqrt(Sd./(Se+1e-10)),1))
            %axis([0 N 0 1]);
        %end
        %figure(6)
        %plot(cohedFast);
        %axis([1 N+1 0 1]);
        %plot(WFbEn);

        %figure(7)
        %plot(weight);
        %plot([cohxd 1-cohed]);
        %plot([cohxd 1-cohed 1-cohedFast hnled]);
        %plot([cohxd cohxdFast/max(cohxdFast)]);
        %legend('cohxd', '1-cohed', '1-cohedFast');
        %axis([1 65 0 1]);
        %pause(0.5);
        %overdrive
    end
end
%progressbar(1);

%figure(2);
%plot([feat(:,1) feat(:,2)+1 feat(:,3)+2 mfeat+3]);
%plot([feat(:,1) mfeat+1]);

%figure(3);
%plot(10*log10([dri erifb erifb3 ericn]));
%legend('Near-end','Error','Post NLP','Final',4);
% Compensate for delay
%ercn=[ercn(N+1:end);zeros(N,1)];
%ercn_=[ercn_(N+1:end);zeros(N,1)];

%figure(11);
%plot(cohxdSlow);

%figure(12);
%surf(cohxdSlow);
%shading interp;

%figure(13);
%plot(overdriveM);

%figure(14);
%surf(overdriveM);
%shading interp;

figure(10);
t = (0:Nb)*N/fs;
rrinSubSamp = rrin(N*(1:(Nb+1)));
plot(t, rrinSubSamp/max(abs(rrinSubSamp)),'b');
hold on
plot(t, hnledAvg, 'r');
plot(t, hnlxdAvg, 'g');
plot(t, hnlSortQV, 'y');
plot(t, hnlLocalMinV, 'k');
plot(t, cohxdLocalMinV, 'c');
plot(t, hnlPrefAvgV, 'm');
%plot(t, cohxdAvg, 'r');
%plot(cohxdFastAvg, 'r');
%plot(cohxdAvgBad, 'k');
%plot(t, cohedAvg, 'k');
%plot(t, 1-cohedFastAvg, 'k');
%plot(ssin(N*(1:floor(length(ssin)/N)))/max(abs(ssin)));
%plot(echoBands,'r');
%plot(overdrive, 'g');
%plot(erfb(N*(1:floor(length(erfb)/N)))/max(abs(erfb)));
hold off
%tight x;

% figure(11)
% plot(t, ovrdV);
%tightx;
%plot(mfeat,'r');
%plot(1-cohxyp_,'r');
%plot(Hnlxydp,'y');
%plot(hnledp,'k');
%plot(Hnlxydp, 'c');
%plot(ccohpd_,'k');
%plot(supplot_, 'g');
%plot(ones(length(mfeat),1)*rr1_, 'k');
%plot(ones(length(mfeat),1)*rr2_, 'k');
%plot(N*(1:length(feat)), feat);
%plot(Sep_,'r');
%axis([1 floor(length(erfb)/N) -1 1])
%hold off
%plot(10*log10([Se_, Sx_, Seu_, real(sf_.*conj(sf_))]));
%legend('Se','Sx','Seu','S');
%figure(5)
%plot([ercn ercn_]);

% figure(12)
% plot(t, dIdxV);
%plot(t, SLxV);
%tightx;

%figure(13)
%plot(t, [ekEnV dkEnV]);
%plot(t, dkEnV./(ekEnV+1e-10));
%tightx;

%close(hh);
%spclab(fs,ssin,erfb,ercn,'outxd.pcm');
%spclab(fs,rrin,ssin,erfb,1.78*ercn,'vqeOut-1.pcm');
%spclab(fs,erfb,'aecOutLp.pcm');
%spclab(fs,rrin,ssin,erfb,1.78*ercn,'aecOut25.pcm','vqeOut-1.pcm');
%spclab(fs,rrin,ssin,erfb,ercn,'aecOut-mba.pcm');
%spclab(fs,rrin,ssin,erfb,ercn,'aecOut.pcm');
%spclab(fs, ssin, erfb, ercn, 'out0.pcm');
   
   
   
   
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speex AEC算法

和WebRTC一样也是采用频域分块自适应滤波方法,不同的是权重调整的方式变化,我这边测试效果是计算量比WebRTC的大,且效果调节的没有WebRTC的好。这里也给出speex的源代码和测试方法。

%    Copyright (C) 2012      Waves Audio LTD
%    Copyright (C) 2003-2008 Jean-Marc Valin
%
%    File: speex_mdf.m
%    Echo canceller based on the MDF algorithm (see below)
% 
%    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
%    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
%    met:
% 
%    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
%    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
% 
%    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
%    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
%    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
% 
%    3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
%    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
% 
%    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
%    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
%    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
%    DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
%    INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
%    (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
%    SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
%    HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
%    STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
%    ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
%    POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
%
%    Notes from original mdf.c:
%
%    The echo canceller is based on the MDF algorithm described in:
% 
%    J. S. Soo, K. K. Pang Multidelay block frequency adaptive filter, 
%    IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process., Vol. ASSP-38, No. 2, 
%    February 1990.
%    
%    We use the Alternatively Updated MDF (AUMDF) variant. Robustness to 
%    double-talk is achieved using a variable learning rate as described in:
%    
%    Valin, J.-M., On Adjusting the Learning Rate in Frequency Domain Echo 
%    Cancellation With Double-Talk. IEEE Transactions on Audio,
%    Speech and Language Processing, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 1030-1034, 2007.
%    http://people.xiph.org/~jm/papers/valin_taslp2006.pdf
%    
%    There is no explicit double-talk detection, but a continuous variation
%    in the learning rate based on residual echo, double-talk and background
%    noise.
%    
%    Another kludge that seems to work good: when performing the weight
%    update, we only move half the way toward the "goal" this seems to
%    reduce the effect of quantization noise in the update phase. This
%    can be seen as applying a gradient descent on a "soft constraint"
%    instead of having a hard constraint.
%    
%    Notes for this file:
%
%    Usage: 
%
%       speex_mdf_out = speex_mdf(Fs, u, d, filter_length, frame_size, dbg_var_name);
%       
%       Fs                  sample rate
%       u                   speaker signal, column vector in range [-1; 1]
%       d                   microphone signal, column vector in range [-1; 1]
%       filter_length       typically 250ms, i.e. 4096 @ 16k FS 
%                           must be a power of 2
%       frame_size          typically 8ms, i.e. 128 @ 16k Fs 
%                           must be a power of 2
%       dbg_var_name        internal state variable name to trace. 
%                           Default: 'st.leak_estimate'.
%
%    Jonathan Rouach 
%    

function  speex_mdf_out = speex_mdf(Fs, u, d, filter_length, frame_size, dbg_var_name)

fprintf('Starting Speex MDF (PBFDAF) algorithm.\n');

st = speex_echo_state_init_mc_mdf(frame_size, filter_length, 1, 1, Fs);

% which variable to trace
if nargin<6
    dbg_var_name = 'st.leak_estimate';
end
dbg = init_dbg(st, length(u));

[e, dbg] = main_loop(st, float_to_short(u), float_to_short(d), dbg);

speex_mdf_out.e = e/32768.0;
speex_mdf_out.var1 = dbg.var1;

    function x = float_to_short(x)
        x = x*32768.0;
        x(x< -32767.5) = -32768;
        x(x>  32766.5) =  32767;
        x = floor(0.5+x);
    end

    function [e, dbg] = main_loop(st, u, d, dbg)

        e = zeros(size(u));
        y = zeros(size(u));

        % prepare waitbar
        try h_wb = waitbar(0, 'Processing...'); catch; end
        end_point = length(u);

        for n = 1:st.frame_size:end_point
            nStep = floor(n/st.frame_size)+1;

            if mod(nStep, 128)==0 && update_waitbar_check_wasclosed(h_wb, n, end_point, st.sampling_rate)
                break;
            end

            u_frame = u(n:n+st.frame_size-1);
            d_frame = d(n:n+st.frame_size-1);

            [out, st] = speex_echo_cancellation_mdf(st, d_frame, u_frame);

            e(n:n+st.frame_size-1) = out*2;
            y(n:n+st.frame_size-1) = d_frame - out;
            dbg.var1(:, nStep) = reshape( eval(dbg_var_name),  numel(eval(dbg_var_name)), 1);

        end

        try close(h_wb); catch; end

    end
    function st = speex_echo_state_init_mc_mdf(frame_size, filter_length, nb_mic, nb_speakers, sample_rate)

        st.K = nb_speakers;
        st.C = nb_mic;
        C=st.C;
        K=st.K;

        st.frame_size = frame_size;
        st.window_size = 2*frame_size;
        N = st.window_size;
        st.M = fix((filter_length+st.frame_size-1)/frame_size);
        M = st.M;
        st.cancel_count=0;
        st.sum_adapt = 0;
        st.saturated = 0;
        st.screwed_up = 0;

        %    /* This is the default sampling rate */
        st.sampling_rate = sample_rate;
        st.spec_average = (st.frame_size)/( st.sampling_rate);
        st.beta0 = (2.0*st.frame_size)/st.sampling_rate;
        st.beta_max = (.5*st.frame_size)/st.sampling_rate;
        st.leak_estimate = 0;

        st.e = zeros(N, C);
        st.x = zeros(N, K);
        st.input = zeros(st.frame_size, C);
        st.y = zeros(N, C);
        st.last_y = zeros(N, C);
        st.Yf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Rf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Xf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Yh = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Eh = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);

        st.X = zeros(N, K, M+1);
        st.Y = zeros(N, C);
        st.E = zeros(N, C);
        st.W = zeros(N, K, M, C);
        st.foreground = zeros(N, K, M, C);
        st.PHI = zeros(frame_size+1, 1);
        st.power = zeros(frame_size+1, 1);
        st.power_1 = ones((frame_size+1), 1);
        st.window = zeros(N, 1);
        st.prop = zeros(M, 1);
        st.wtmp = zeros(N, 1);

        st.window = .5-.5*cos(2*pi*((1:N)'-1)/N);

        % /* Ratio of ~10 between adaptation rate of first and last block */
        decay = exp(-1/M);
        st.prop(1, 1) = .7;
        for i=2:M
            st.prop(i, 1) = st.prop(i-1, 1) * decay;
        end

        st.prop = (.8 * st.prop)./sum(st.prop);

        st.memX = zeros(K, 1);
        st.memD = zeros(C, 1);
        st.memE = zeros(C, 1);
        st.preemph = .98;
        if (st.sampling_rate<12000)
            st.notch_radius = .9;
        elseif (st.sampling_rate<24000)
            st.notch_radius = .982;
        else
            st.notch_radius = .992;
        end

        st.notch_mem = zeros(2*C, 1);
        st.adapted = 0;
        st.Pey = 1;
        st.Pyy = 1;

        st.Davg1 = 0; st.Davg2 = 0;
        st.Dvar1 = 0; st.Dvar2 = 0;
    end

    function dbg = init_dbg(st, len)
        dbg.var1 = zeros(numel(eval(dbg_var_name)), fix(len/st.frame_size));
    end

    function [out, st] = speex_echo_cancellation_mdf(st, in, far_end)

        N = st.window_size;
        M = st.M;
        C = st.C;
        K = st.K;

        Pey_cur = 1;
        Pyy_cur = 1;

        out = zeros(st.frame_size, C);

        st.cancel_count = st.cancel_count + 1;

        %ss=.35/M;
        ss = 0.5/M;
        ss_1 = 1-ss;

        for chan = 1:C
            % Apply a notch filter to make sure DC doesn't end up causing problems
            [st.input(:, chan), st.notch_mem(:, chan)] = filter_dc_notch16(in(:, chan), st.notch_radius, st.frame_size, st.notch_mem(:, chan));
            % Copy input data to buffer and apply pre-emphasis
            for i=1:st.frame_size
                tmp32 = st.input(i, chan)- (st.preemph* st.memD(chan));
                st.memD(chan) = st.input(i, chan);
                st.input(i, chan) = tmp32;
            end
        end

        for speak = 1:K
            for i =1:st.frame_size
                st.x(i, speak) = st.x(i+st.frame_size, speak);
                tmp32 = far_end(i, speak) - st.preemph * st.memX(speak);
                st.x(i+st.frame_size, speak) = tmp32;
                st.memX(speak) = far_end(i, speak);
            end
        end

        % Shift memory
        st.X = circshift(st.X, [0, 0, 1]);

        for speak = 1:K
            %  Convert x (echo input) to frequency domain
            % MATLAB_MATCH: we divide by N to get values as in speex
            st.X(:, speak, 1) = fft(st.x(:, speak)) /N;
        end

        Sxx = 0;
        for speak = 1:K
            Sxx = Sxx + sum(st.x(st.frame_size+1:end, speak).^2);
            st.Xf = abs(st.X(1:st.frame_size+1, speak, 1)).^2;
        end

        Sff = 0;
        for chan = 1:C

            %  Compute foreground filter
            st.Y(:, chan) = 0;
            for speak=1:K
                for j=1:M
                    st.Y(:, chan) = st.Y(:, chan) + st.X(:, speak, j) .* st.foreground(:, speak, j, chan);
                end
            end
            % MATLAB_MATCH: we multiply by N to get values as in speex
            st.e(:, chan) = ifft(st.Y(:, chan)) * N;
            st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan) = st.input(:, chan) - st.e(st.frame_size+1:end, chan);
            % st.e : [out foreground | leak foreground ]
            Sff = Sff + sum(abs(st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan)).^2);

        end

        % Adjust proportional adaption rate */
        if (st.adapted)
            st.prop = mdf_adjust_prop (st.W, N, M, C, K);
        end

        % Compute weight gradient */
        if (st.saturated == 0)
            for chan = 1:C
                for speak = 1:K
                    for j=M:-1:1
                        st.PHI = [st.power_1; st.power_1(end-1:-1:2)] .* st.prop(j) .* conj(st.X(:, speak, (j+1))) .* st.E(:, chan);
                        st.W(:, j) = st.W(:, j) + st.PHI;
                    end
                end
            end
        else
            st.saturated = st.saturated -1;
        end

        %FIXME: MC conversion required */
        % Update weight to prevent circular convolution (MDF / AUMDF)
        for chan = 1:C
            for speak = 1:K
                for j = 1:M
                    % This is a variant of the Alternatively Updated MDF (AUMDF) */
                    % Remove the "if" to make this an MDF filter */
                    if (j==1 || mod(2+st.cancel_count,(M-1)) == j)
                        st.wtmp = ifft(st.W(:, speak, j, chan));
                        st.wtmp(st.frame_size+1:N) = 0;
                        st.W(:, speak, j, chan) = fft(st.wtmp);
                    end
                end
            end
        end

        % So we can use power_spectrum_accum */
        st.Yf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Rf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Xf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);

        Dbf = 0;

        for chan = 1:C
            st.Y(:, chan) = 0;
            for speak=1:K
                for j=1:M
                    st.Y(:, chan) = st.Y(:, chan) + st.X(:, speak, j) .* st.W(:, speak, j, chan);
                end
            end
            % MATLAB_MATCH: we multiply by N to get values as in speex
            st.y(:,chan) = ifft(st.Y(:,chan)) * N;
            % st.y : [ ~ | leak background ]
        end

        See = 0;

        % Difference in response, this is used to estimate the variance of our residual power estimate */
        for chan = 1:C
            st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan) = st.e(st.frame_size+1:N, chan) - st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan);
            Dbf = Dbf + 10 + sum(abs(st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan)).^2);
            st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan) = st.input(:, chan) - st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan);
            % st.e : [ out background | leak foreground ]
           See = See + sum(abs(st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan)).^2);
        end

        % Logic for updating the foreground filter */

        % For two time windows, compute the mean of the energy difference, as well as the variance */
        VAR1_UPDATE = .5;
        VAR2_UPDATE = .25;
        VAR_BACKTRACK = 4;
        MIN_LEAK = .005;

        st.Davg1 = .6*st.Davg1 + .4*(Sff-See);
        st.Davg2 = .85*st.Davg2 + .15*(Sff-See);
        st.Dvar1 = .36*st.Dvar1 + .16*Sff*Dbf;
        st.Dvar2 = .7225*st.Dvar2 + .0225*Sff*Dbf;

        update_foreground = 0;

        % Check if we have a statistically significant reduction in the residual echo */
        % Note that this is *not* Gaussian, so we need to be careful about the longer tail */
        if (Sff-See)*abs(Sff-See) > (Sff*Dbf)
            update_foreground = 1;
        elseif (st.Davg1* abs(st.Davg1) > (VAR1_UPDATE*st.Dvar1))
            update_foreground = 1;
        elseif (st.Davg2* abs(st.Davg2) > (VAR2_UPDATE*(st.Dvar2)))
            update_foreground = 1;
        end

        % Do we update? */
        if (update_foreground)

            st.Davg1 = 0;
            st.Davg2 = 0;
            st.Dvar1 = 0;
            st.Dvar2 = 0;
            st.foreground = st.W;
            % Apply a smooth transition so as to not introduce blocking artifacts */
            for chan = 1:C
                st.e(st.frame_size+1:N, chan) = (st.window(st.frame_size+1:N) .* st.e(st.frame_size+1:N, chan)) + (st.window(1:st.frame_size) .* st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan));
            end
        else
            reset_background=0;
            % Otherwise, check if the background filter is significantly worse */

            if (-(Sff-See)*abs(Sff-See)> VAR_BACKTRACK*(Sff*Dbf))
                reset_background = 1;
            end
            if ((-st.Davg1 * abs(st.Davg1))> (VAR_BACKTRACK*st.Dvar1))
                reset_background = 1;
            end
            if ((-st.Davg2* abs(st.Davg2))> (VAR_BACKTRACK*st.Dvar2))
                reset_background = 1;
            end

            if (reset_background)

                % Copy foreground filter to background filter */
                st.W = st.foreground;

                % We also need to copy the output so as to get correct adaptation */
                for chan = 1:C
                    st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan) = st.e(st.frame_size+1:N, chan);
                    st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan) = st.input(:, chan) - st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan);
                end

                See = Sff;
                st.Davg1 = 0;
                st.Davg2 = 0;
                st.Dvar1 = 0;
                st.Dvar2 = 0;
            end
        end

        Sey = 0;
        Syy = 0;
        Sdd = 0;

        for chan = 1:C

            % Compute error signal (for the output with de-emphasis) */
            for i=1:st.frame_size
                tmp_out = st.input(i, chan)- st.e(i+st.frame_size, chan);
                tmp_out = tmp_out + st.preemph * st.memE(chan);
                %  This is an arbitrary test for saturation in the microphone signal */
                if (in(i,chan) <= -32000 || in(i,chan) >= 32000)
                    if (st.saturated == 0)
                        st.saturated = 1;
                    end
                end
                out(i, chan) = tmp_out;
                st.memE(chan) = tmp_out;
            end

            % Compute error signal (filter update version) */
            st.e(st.frame_size+1:N, chan) = st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan);
            st.e(1:st.frame_size, chan) = 0;
            % st.e : [ zeros | out background ]

            % Compute a bunch of correlations */
            % FIXME: bad merge */
            Sey = Sey + sum(st.e(st.frame_size+1:N, chan) .* st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan));
            Syy = Syy + sum(st.y(st.frame_size+1:N, chan).^2);
            Sdd = Sdd + sum(st.input.^2);

            % Convert error to frequency domain */
            % MATLAB_MATCH: we divide by N to get values as in speex
            st.E = fft(st.e) / N;

            st.y(1:st.frame_size, chan) = 0;
            % MATLAB_MATCH: we divide by N to get values as in speex
            st.Y = fft(st.y) / N;

            % Compute power spectrum of echo (X), error (E) and filter response (Y) */
            st.Rf = abs(st.E(1:st.frame_size+1,chan)).^2;
            st.Yf = abs(st.Y(1:st.frame_size+1,chan)).^2;
        end

        % Do some sanity check */
        if (~(Syy>=0 && Sxx>=0 && See >= 0))
            % Things have gone really bad */
            st.screwed_up = st.screwed_up + 50;
            out = out*0;
        elseif Sff > Sdd+ N*10000
            % AEC seems to add lots of echo instead of removing it, let's see if it will improve */
            st.screwed_up = st.screwed_up + 1;
        else
            % Everything's fine */
            st.screwed_up=0;
        end

        if (st.screwed_up>=50)
            disp('Screwed up, full reset');
            st = speex_echo_state_reset_mdf(st);
        end

        % Add a small noise floor to make sure not to have problems when dividing */
        See = max(See, N* 100);

        for speak = 1:K
            Sxx = Sxx + sum(st.x(st.frame_size+1:end, speak).^2);
            st.Xf = abs(st.X(1:st.frame_size+1, speak, 1)).^2;
        end

        % Smooth far end energy estimate over time */
        st.power = ss_1*st.power+ 1 + ss*st.Xf;

        % Compute filtered spectra and (cross-)correlations */

        Eh_cur = st.Rf - st.Eh;
        Yh_cur = st.Yf - st.Yh;
        Pey_cur = Pey_cur + sum(Eh_cur.*Yh_cur) ;
        Pyy_cur = Pyy_cur + sum(Yh_cur.^2);
        st.Eh = (1-st.spec_average)*st.Eh + st.spec_average*st.Rf;
        st.Yh = (1-st.spec_average)*st.Yh + st.spec_average*st.Yf;

        Pyy = sqrt(Pyy_cur);
        Pey = Pey_cur/Pyy;

        % Compute correlation updatete rate */
        tmp32 = st.beta0*Syy;
        if (tmp32 > st.beta_max*See)
            tmp32 = st.beta_max*See;
        end
        alpha = tmp32/ See;
        alpha_1 = 1- alpha;

        % Update correlations (recursive average) */
        st.Pey = alpha_1*st.Pey + alpha*Pey;
        st.Pyy = alpha_1*st.Pyy + alpha*Pyy;

        if st.Pyy<1
            st.Pyy =1;
        end

        % We don't really hope to get better than 33 dB (MIN_LEAK-3dB) attenuation anyway */
        if st.Pey< MIN_LEAK * st.Pyy
            st.Pey = MIN_LEAK * st.Pyy;
        end

        if (st.Pey> st.Pyy)
            st.Pey = st.Pyy;
        end

        % leak_estimate is the linear regression result */
        st.leak_estimate = st.Pey/st.Pyy;

        % This looks like a stupid bug, but it's right (because we convert from Q14 to Q15) */
        if (st.leak_estimate > 16383)
            st.leak_estimate = 32767;
        end

        % Compute Residual to Error Ratio */
        RER = (.0001*Sxx + 3.*st.leak_estimate*Syy) / See;
        % Check for y in e (lower bound on RER) */
        if (RER < Sey*Sey/(1+See*Syy))
            RER = Sey*Sey/(1+See*Syy);
        end
        if (RER > .5)
            RER = .5;
        end

        % We consider that the filter has had minimal adaptation if the following is true*/
        if (~st.adapted && st.sum_adapt > M && st.leak_estimate*Syy > .03*Syy)
            st.adapted = 1;
        end

        if (st.adapted)
            % Normal learning rate calculation once we're past the minimal adaptation phase */
            for i=1:st.frame_size+1

                % Compute frequency-domain adaptation mask */
                r = st.leak_estimate*st.Yf(i);
                e = st.Rf(i)+1;
                if (r>.5*e)
                    r = .5*e;
                end
                r = 0.7*r + 0.3*(RER*e);
                %st.power_1[i] = adapt_rate*r/(e*(1+st.power[i]));*/
                st.power_1(i) = (r/(e*st.power(i)+10));
            end
        else
            % Temporary adaption rate if filter is not yet adapted enough */
            adapt_rate=0;

            if (Sxx > N* 1000)

                tmp32 = 0.25* Sxx;
                if (tmp32 > .25*See)
                    tmp32 = .25*See;
                end
                adapt_rate = tmp32/ See;
            end
            st.power_1 = adapt_rate./(st.power+10);


            % How much have we adapted so far? */
            st.sum_adapt = st.sum_adapt+adapt_rate;
        end

        % FIXME: MC conversion required */
        st.last_y(1:st.frame_size) = st.last_y(st.frame_size+1:N);
        if (st.adapted)
            % If the filter is adapted, take the filtered echo */
            st.last_y(st.frame_size+1:N) = in-out;
        end

    end

    function [out,mem] = filter_dc_notch16(in, radius, len, mem)
        out = zeros(size(in));
        den2 = radius*radius + .7*(1-radius)*(1-radius);
        for i=1:len
            vin = in(i);
            vout = mem(1) + vin;
            mem(1) = mem(2) + 2*(-vin + radius*vout);
            mem(2) = vin - (den2*vout);
            out(i) = radius*vout; 
        end

    end

    function prop = mdf_adjust_prop(W, N, M, C, K)
        prop = zeros(M,1);
        for i=1:M
            tmp = 1;
            for chan=1:C
                for speak=1:K
                    tmp = tmp + sum(abs(W(1:N/2+1, K, i, C)).^2);
                end
            end
            prop(i) = sqrt(tmp);
        end
        max_sum = max(prop, 1);
        prop = prop + .1*max_sum;
        prop_sum = 1+sum(prop);
        prop = .99*prop / prop_sum;
    end

    % Resets echo canceller state */
    function st = speex_echo_state_reset_mdf(st)

        st.cancel_count=0;
        st.screwed_up = 0;
        N = st.window_size;
        M = st.M;
        C=st.C;
        K=st.K;

        st.e = zeros(N, C);
        st.x = zeros(N, K);
        st.input = zeros(st.frame_size, C);
        st.y = zeros(N, C);
        st.last_y = zeros(N, C);
        st.Yf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Rf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Xf = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Yh = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.Eh = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);

        st.X = zeros(N, K, M+1);
        st.Y = zeros(N, C);
        st.E = zeros(N, C);
        st.W = zeros(N, K, M, C);
        st.foreground = zeros(N, K, M, C);
        st.PHI = zeros(N, 1);
        st.power = zeros(st.frame_size+1, 1);
        st.power_1 = ones((st.frame_size+1), 1);
        st.window = zeros(N, 1);
        st.prop = zeros(M, 1);
        st.wtmp = zeros(N, 1);

        st.memX = zeros(K, 1);
        st.memD = zeros(C, 1);
        st.memE = zeros(C, 1);

        st.saturated = 0;
        st.adapted = 0;
        st.sum_adapt = 0;
        st.Pey = 1;
        st.Pyy = 1;
        st.Davg1 = 0;
        st.Davg2 = 0;
        st.Dvar1 = 0;
        st.Dvar2 = 0;


    end

    function was_closed = update_waitbar_check_wasclosed(h, n, end_point, Fs)
        was_closed = 0;

        % update waitbar
        try
            waitbar(n/end_point, h, ['Processing... ', num2str(n/Fs, '%.2f'), 's / ', num2str(end_point/Fs, '%.2f'), 's' ]);
        catch ME
            % if it's no longer there (closed by user)
            if (strcmp(ME.identifier(1:length('MATLAB:waitbar:')), 'MATLAB:waitbar:'))
                was_closed = 1; % then get out of the loop
            end
        end

    end

end
   
   
   
   
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测试方法

首先需要自己读取文件并设置相关的初始值
给出自己的一个样例

fid=fopen('near.pcm', 'rb'); % Load far end
ssin=fread(fid,inf,'float32');
fid=fopen('far.pcm', 'rb'); % Load fnear end
rrin=fread(fid,inf,'float32');
ssin=ssin(1:4096*200);
rrin=rrin(1:4096*200);
Fs=16000;
filter_length=4096;
frame_size=128;
speex_mdf_out = speex_mdf(Fs, rrin, ssin, filter_length, frame_size);
   
   
   
   
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执行完之后,需要播放出来听:

sound(speex_mdf_out.e,16000)
   
   
   
   
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代码里名词术语

RERL:ERL+ERLE 

RERL:residual_echo_return_loss 

ERL:echo_return_loss 

ERLE:echo_return_loss_enhancement 

psd:power spectral density 功率谱密度 

x: far end 

d: near end 

e: error 

s: psd 

nlp:non-linear processing
   
   
   
   
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