javax.websocket
javax.websocket-api
1.1
provided
注意,这里是provided,不是compiled,已经集成在JavaEE 7中。上面是支持WebSocket Server和Client的,如果我们只需要Client,可以使用:
javax.websocket
javax.websocket-client-api
1.1
provided
承接之前WebSocket Client的小例子,server在收到WebSocket请求后发出Hello消息,然后采用异步方式,每隔1秒发送一个消息,连发三次,然后关闭连接。
//【1】进行websocket server endpoint的标注,给出匹配的url。当收到一个webSocket请求时,会创建一个实例,这点和Servlet不一样,需要注意。
@ServerEndpoint("/test/{id}")
public class TestServer {
//【2】server和client握手后,同样提供了@OnOpen, @OnClose, @OnError和@OnMessage触发发放,这些方法可以通过@PathParam()来获取path的信息,如本例中的id。我们可以通过javax.websocket.Session来发送信息和关闭连接
//【2.1】可选的Session参数,可选的EndpointConfig参数,以及path信息
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("id") String id){
System.out.println("onOpen : (" + id + ")");
try {
session.getBasicRemote().sendText("Hello, " + id);
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
for(int i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i ++){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
session.getBasicRemote().sendText("count " + i);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
try {
session.close();
} catch (IOException ignoreE) {
}
}
}).start();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//【2.2】消息的参数会比较复杂
// 1、String给出text消息,如本例
// 2、String以及boolean表示chunks,true表示为最后一个chunks。
// 3、One Java primitive or primitive wrapper to receive an entire text message converted to that type
// 4、One java.io.Reader to receive a text message as a blocking stream
// 5、One byte[] or one java.nio.ByteBuffer to receive an entire binary message
// 6、One byte[] or one ByteBuffer, plus one boolean to receive a binary message in chunks
// 7、One java.io.InputStream to receive a binary message as a blocking stream
// 8、One PongMessage for custom handling of heartbeat responses
// 9、Any Java object if the endpoint has a Decoder.Text, Decoder.Binary, Decoder .TextStream, or Decoder.BinaryStream registered to convert that type. The message type of text or binary must match the registered decoder.
@OnMessage
public void onMessage(Session session, String message, @PathParam("id") String id){
System.out.println("onMessage : (" + id + ") " + message);
}
//【2.3】可选的Session参数,可选的CloseReason参数,以及path信息
@OnClose
public void onClose(Session session, @PathParam("id") String id){
System.out.println("onClose : (" + id + ")");
}
//【2.4】@OnError提供可选的Session参数,必选的Throwable,以及path信息,本例无处理
}
server可以作为agent之类的,实现两个或者多个client之间的通信,方式很简单,将session关联即可。
@ServerEndpoint("/ticTacToe/{gameId}/{username}")
public class GameServer {
private static class Game{
public long gameId;
public Session player1;
public Session player2;
public TicTacToeGame ticTacToeGame;
}
//我们通过gameId可以获得两个关联的client的session。
private static Map games = new Hashtable<>();
... 略 ...
}
Gson是一个选择,我们也可以使用可能更为传统的方式:
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-core
2.8.7
compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-annotations
2.8.7
compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.core
jackson-databind
2.8.7
compile
com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype
jackson-datatype-jsr310
2.8.7
compile
@ServerEndpoint("/ticTacToe/{gameId}/{username}")
public class GameServer {
... 见上面代码片段,略 ...
//(1)消息的基础格式
public static abstract class Message{
private final String action;
public Message(String action){
this.action = action;
}
public String getAction() {
return action;
}
}
//(2)具体的消息类型
public static class GameStartedMessage extends Message{
private final TicTacToeGame game;
public GameStartedMessage(TicTacToeGame game) {
super("gameStarted");
this.game = game;
}
public TicTacToeGame getGame() {
return game;
}
}
... 其他的消息类型,略 ...
//【1】定义json封装
private static ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
//【2】发送JSON消息
private void sendJsonMessage(Session session, Game game, Message message){
try {
session.getBasicRemote().sendText(GameServer.mapper.writeValueAsString(message));
} catch (Exception e) {
handleException(e,game);
}
}
//【3】解析JSON消息
@OnMessage
public void onMessage(Session session, String message, @PathParam("gameId") long gameId){
Game game = GameServer.games.get(gameId);
... ...
//解析JSON
MoveMessage move = GameServer.mapper.readValue(message, MoveMessage.class);
... ...
//发送JSON
this.sendJsonMessage((isPlayer1 ? game.player2 : game.player1), game,
new OpponentMadeMoveMessage(move));
}
}
在jsp文件中,我们用javascript写到
server = new WebSocket('ws://' + window.location.host +
''
+' '
+' ');
我们要读出握手的HTTP请求的相关信息,例如action参数的值
//在WebSocket server中,如果我们需要获取action的信息
//getRequestParameterMap:Return the request parameters associated with the request this session was opened under.
List actions = session.getRequestParameterMap().get("action");
if(actions != null && actions.size() == 1){
String action = actions.get(0);
... ...
}
相关链接: 我的Professional Java for Web Applications相关文章