18muduo_base库源码分析(九)

1.线程特定数据

(1)在单线程程序中,我们经常要用到"全局变量"以实现多个函数间共享数据。
(2)在多线程环境下,由于数据空间是共享的,因此全局变量也为所有线程所共有。
(3)但有时应用程序设计中有必要提供线程私有的全局变量,仅在某个线程中有效,但却可以跨多个函数访问。
(4)POSIX线程库通过维护一定的数据结构来解决这个问题,这个些数据称为(Thread-specific Data,或 TSD)。
(5)线程特定数据也称为线程本地存储TLS(Thread-local storage)
(6)对于POD类型的线程本地存储,可以用__thread关键字
18muduo_base库源码分析(九)_第1张图片

2.ThreadLocal类图

18muduo_base库源码分析(九)_第2张图片

3.代码

ThreadLocal.h
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
// that can be found in the License file.
//
// Author: Shuo Chen (chenshuo at chenshuo dot com)

#ifndef MUDUO_BASE_THREADLOCAL_H
#define MUDUO_BASE_THREADLOCAL_H

#include 
#include 

namespace muduo
{

template
class ThreadLocal : boost::noncopyable
{
 public:
  ThreadLocal()
  {
    pthread_key_create(&pkey_, &ThreadLocal::destructor);
  }

  ~ThreadLocal()
  {
    pthread_key_delete(pkey_);
  }

  T& value()
  {
    T* perThreadValue = static_cast(pthread_getspecific(pkey_));
    if (!perThreadValue) {
      T* newObj = new T();
      pthread_setspecific(pkey_, newObj);
      perThreadValue = newObj;
    }
    return *perThreadValue;
  }

 private:

  static void destructor(void *x)
  {
    T* obj = static_cast(x);
    typedef char T_must_be_complete_type[sizeof(T) == 0 ? -1 : 1];
    delete obj;
  }

 private:
  pthread_key_t pkey_;
};

}
#endif
ThreadLocal_test.cc
#include 
#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 

class Test : boost::noncopyable
{
 public:
  Test()
  {
    printf("tid=%d, constructing %p\n", muduo::CurrentThread::tid(), this);
  }

  ~Test()
  {
    printf("tid=%d, destructing %p %s\n", muduo::CurrentThread::tid(), this, name_.c_str());
  }

  const std::string& name() const { return name_; }
  void setName(const std::string& n) { name_ = n; }

 private:
  std::string name_;
};

muduo::ThreadLocal testObj1;
muduo::ThreadLocal testObj2;

void print()
{
  printf("tid=%d, obj1 %p name=%s\n",
         muduo::CurrentThread::tid(),
	 &testObj1.value(),
         testObj1.value().name().c_str());
  printf("tid=%d, obj2 %p name=%s\n",
         muduo::CurrentThread::tid(),
	 &testObj2.value(),
         testObj2.value().name().c_str());
}

void threadFunc()
{
  print();
  testObj1.value().setName("changed 1");
  testObj2.value().setName("changed 42");
  print();
}

int main()
{
  testObj1.value().setName("main one");
  print();
  muduo::Thread t1(threadFunc);
  t1.start();
  t1.join();
  testObj2.value().setName("main two");
  print();

  pthread_exit(0);


运行结果
18muduo_base库源码分析(九)_第3张图片


SingletonThreadLocal_test.cc
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

#include 
#include 
#include 

class Test : boost::noncopyable
{
 public:
  Test()
  {
    printf("tid=%d, constructing %p\n", muduo::CurrentThread::tid(), this);
  }

  ~Test()
  {
    printf("tid=%d, destructing %p %s\n", muduo::CurrentThread::tid(), this, name_.c_str());
  }

  const std::string& name() const { return name_; }
  void setName(const std::string& n) { name_ = n; }

 private:
  std::string name_;
};

#define STL muduo::Singleton >::instance().value()

void print()
{
  printf("tid=%d, %p name=%s\n",
         muduo::CurrentThread::tid(),
         &STL,
         STL.name().c_str());
}

void threadFunc(const char* changeTo)
{
  print();
  STL.setName(changeTo);
  sleep(1);
  print();
}

int main()
{
  STL.setName("main one");
  muduo::Thread t1(boost::bind(threadFunc, "thread1"));
  muduo::Thread t2(boost::bind(threadFunc, "thread2"));
  t1.start();
  t2.start();
  t1.join();
  print();
  t2.join();
  pthread_exit(0);
}
运行结果:Threadlocal类型是单例,muduo::Singletion>::instance,每一个线程中 只会有一个Test类的对象(因为是单例,不像第一个例子一个线程中会存在两个Test类对象,不是每个线程只能有一个特定属性Threadlocal),但是每一个线程都会有Test类对象
18muduo_base库源码分析(九)_第4张图片

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