Logstash 入门教程 -配置案例

转自：http://corejava2008.iteye.com/blog/2215591

介绍一个详细案例，讲述如何配置读取Apache日志，Syslog并根据自定义条件进行过滤和输出。

手工输入并解析数据

LS中可以通过Filter针对数据进行切片切块等操作，解析，装换，组装等等。。

 input { stdin { } } #控制台输入

 filter {
   grok { #通过GROK来自动解析APACHE日志格式
     match => { "message" => "%{COMBINEDAPACHELOG}" }
   }
   date {#通过Date过滤器来自动识别日期格式。
     match => [ "timestamp" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ]
   }
 }

 output {
   elasticsearch { host => localhost } #输出到ES中。
   stdout { codec => rubydebug } #输出到控制台
 }

启动LS：bin/logstash -f logstash-filter.conf

并在控制台输入：

 127.0.0.1 - - [11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800] "GET /xampp/status.php HTTP/1.1" 200 3891 "http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0"

 可以看到输出结果为：

 {
         "message" => "127.0.0.1 - - [11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800] \"GET /xampp/status.php HTTP/1.1\" 200 3891 \"http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php\" \"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0\"",
      "@timestamp" => "2013-12-11T08:01:45.000Z",
        "@version" => "1",
            "host" => "cadenza",
        "clientip" => "127.0.0.1",
           "ident" => "-",
            "auth" => "-",
       "timestamp" => "11/Dec/2013:00:01:45 -0800",
            "verb" => "GET",
         "request" => "/xampp/status.php",
     "httpversion" => "1.1",
        "response" => "200",
           "bytes" => "3891",
        "referrer" => "\"http://cadenza/xampp/navi.php\"",
           "agent" => "\"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.9; rv:25.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/25.0\""
 }

 看到结果了吧，完成了两个操作

1.LS使用grok自动解析了日志格式，

2.针对timestamp进行Date格式识别，并复制给了@timestamp字段。

 

再进一步，从文件中输入并解析数据

 input {
   file { #通过Input配置，从文件中读取数据。
     path => "/tmp/access_log"  #日志文件位置
     start_position => "beginning"
     #是否从头部开始读取。
     #Logstash启动后，会在系统中记录一个隐藏文件，记录处理过的行号，
     #当进行挂掉，重新启动后，根据该行号记录续读。
     #所以start_position只会生效一次。
   }
 }

 filter {
   if [path] =~ "access" {#当路径包含access时，才会执行以下处理逻辑
     mutate { replace => { "type" => "apache_access" } }
     grok {
       match => { "message" => "%{COMBINEDAPACHELOG}" }
     }
   }else if [path] =~ "error" { #IF-ElSE 配置方式。
     mutate { replace => { type => "apache_error" } }
     #使用Mutate 替换type的值为“apache_error”
   } else {
     mutate { replace => { type => "random_logs" } }
   }
   date {
     match => [ "timestamp" , "dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z" ]
   }
 }

 output {
   elasticsearch {
     host => localhost
   }
   stdout { codec => rubydebug }
 }

 

再来看个案例：

 output {
   if [type] == "apache" {
     if [status] =~ /^5\d\d/ { #如果status状态为5xx，发送给nagios。
       nagios { ...  }
     } else if [status] =~ /^4\d\d/ {#如果是4xx，发送到elasticSearch
       elasticsearch { ... }
     }
     statsd { increment => "apache.%{status}" } #所有数据给statsd
   }
 }

 处理SysLog案例：

 处理SysLog案例：
 input {
   tcp {
     port => 5000   #读取TCP端口
     type => syslog #数据类型
   }
   udp {
     port => 5000   #读取UDP端口
     type => syslog #数据类型
   }
 }

 filter {
   if [type] == "syslog" {
     grok { #解析日志格式。
       match => { "message" => "%{SYSLOGTIMESTAMP:syslog_timestamp} %{SYSLOGHOST:syslog_hostname} %{DATA:syslog_program}(?:\[%{POSINT:syslog_pid}\])?: %{GREEDYDATA:syslog_message}" }
       add_field => [ "received_at", "%{@timestamp}" ] #添加字段
       add_field => [ "received_from", "%{host}" ]     #添加字段
     }
     syslog_pri { }
     date {  #日期格式处理，这里匹配了两种不同的日期格式。
       match => [ "syslog_timestamp", "MMM  d HH:mm:ss", "MMM dd HH:mm:ss" ]
     }
   }
 }

 output { #数据输出。
   elasticsearch { host => localhost }
   stdout { codec => rubydebug }
 }

 

启动服务：

bin/logstash -f logstash-syslog.conf

发送测试数据：

 telnet localhost 5000
 Dec 23 12:11:43 louis postfix/smtpd[31499]: connect from unknown[95.75.93.154]
 Dec 23 14:42:56 louis named[16000]: client 199.48.164.7#64817: query (cache) 'amsterdamboothuren.com/MX/IN' denied
 Dec 23 14:30:01 louis CRON[619]: (www-data) CMD (php /usr/share/cacti/site/poller.php >/dev/null 2>/var/log/cacti/poller-error.log)
 Dec 22 18:28:06 louis rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.2.0" x-pid="2253" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'.

 查看结果：

 {
                  "message" => "Dec 23 14:30:01 louis CRON[619]: (www-data) CMD (php /usr/share/cacti/site/poller.php >/dev/null 2>/var/log/cacti/poller-error.log)",
               "@timestamp" => "2013-12-23T22:30:01.000Z",
                 "@version" => "1",
                     "type" => "syslog",
                     "host" => "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52617",
         "syslog_timestamp" => "Dec 23 14:30:01",
          "syslog_hostname" => "louis",
           "syslog_program" => "CRON",
               "syslog_pid" => "619",
           "syslog_message" => "(www-data) CMD (php /usr/share/cacti/site/poller.php >/dev/null 2>/var/log/cacti/poller-error.log)",
              "received_at" => "2013-12-23 22:49:22 UTC",
            "received_from" => "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:52617",
     "syslog_severity_code" => 5,
     "syslog_facility_code" => 1,
          "syslog_facility" => "user-level",
          "syslog_severity" => "notice"
 }