mysql 主从同步，双主同步，如果服务器意外挂机，不同步怎么办
首先主从同步
master 192.168.0.21
slave 192.168.0.22
#my.cnf master 配置文件 [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K default-character-set=utf8 read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash default-character-set=utf8 [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout server-id= 1 #增加3条配置 binlog-do-db=abc #设置同步数据库，如果有多个数据库，每个数据库一行 binlog-ignore-db = mysql #设置不要同步的数据库，如有多个数据库，每个数据库一行 log-bin #日志文件
service mysql restart #重启数据库
进入mysql，创建一个数据库abc： create database abc; 创建一个用来同步的用户,指定只能在192.168.0.22登录: grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.22'identified by '123456'; mysql> use abc Database changed mysql> create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) #注意表和数据库格式必须一样
#slave mysql> create database abc; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> use abc Database changed mysql> create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
#slave #my.cnf 配置 [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K default-character-set=utf8 read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed server-id= 2 #id master-host=192.168.0.21 #mysql主ip地址 master-user=root #授权用户 master-password=123456 #授权密码 master-port=3306 #mysql端口 master-connect-retry=30 #同步 replicate-ignore-db=mysql #设置不要接收的数据库，如有多个数据库，每个数据库一行 replicate-do-db=abc #设置要接收的数据库，如有多个数据库，每个数据库一行 log-bin [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash default-character-set=utf8 [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout ~
#主上查看 mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000025 | 377 | abc | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) # 记录下file和position的值 #slave 上 CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=' mysql-bin.000025',MASTER_LOG_POS=377; # 根据master状态同步 mysql> slave start; # 启动slave mysql> show slave status\G;
发现报错信息
mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master Master_Host: 192.168.0.21 Master_User: root Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 377 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 377 Relay_Log_Space: 106 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 2013 Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master '[email protected]:330 6'- retry-time: 60 retries: 86400 Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: 1 row inset(0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
或者vi/etc/sysconfig/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3360 -j DROP -I INPUT -s 119.134.251.49/32-p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT 前面那个问题可能是防火墙问题，这次这个问题，是我以前以前同步过现在在做同步就报错了，给出解决方案。 [root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop iptables：清除防火墙规则： [确定] iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定] iptables：正在卸载模块： [确定] [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection idis 7 Server version: 5.1.60-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/orits affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/orits affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;'or '\h'forhelp. Type '\c'to clearthe current input statement. mysql> slave stop; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=' mysql-bin.000025',MASTER_LOG_POS=377; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 192.168.0.21 Master_User: root Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 377 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 377 Relay_Log_Space: 106 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 1236 Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file' Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: 1 row inset(0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
#第三个问题 [root@ceshi ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=377 /home/data/websrv/mysql/var/mysql-bin.000025 mysqlbinlog: unknown variable 'default-character-set=utf8' 解决： [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock #default-character-set=utf8
[root@ceshi ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=377 /home/data/websrv/mysql/var/mysql-bin.000025 /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/; /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; DELIMITER /*!*/; # at 4 #131115 22:52:33 server id 1 end_log_pos 106 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.1.60-log created 131115 22:52:33 at startup # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly. ROLLBACK/*!*/; BINLOG ' MTWGUg8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjYwLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAxNYZSEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC '/*!*/; DELIMITER ; # End of log file ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */; /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
看到上面 发现at4
然后我们这样配置
# at 4 mysql> slave stop; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.21',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000025',master_log_pos=4; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.21 Master_User: root Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 377 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 522 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 377 Relay_Log_Space: 681 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: 1 row inset(0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified 好了解决了 哈哈！这时我们导入数据测试！！！
这是主数据 mysql> use abc; Database changed mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_abc | +---------------+ | bb | +---------------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) mysql> insert into bb VALUES(1,2,3); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_abc | +---------------+ | bb | +---------------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) mysql> select* from bb; +------+------+------+ | id| name | age | +------+------+------+ | 1 | 2 | 3 | +------+------+------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) mysql> insert into bb VALUES(3,4,5); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select* from bb; +------+------+------+ | id| name | age | +------+------+------+ | 1 | 2 | 3 | | 3 | 4 | 5 | +------+------+------+ 2 rows inset(0.00 sec) mysql>
slave数据： mysql> use abc; Database changed mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_abc | +---------------+ | bb | +---------------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_abc | +---------------+ | bb | +---------------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) mysql> select* from bb; +------+------+------+ | id| name | age | +------+------+------+ | 1 | 2 | 3 | +------+------+------+ 1 row inset(0.00 sec) mysql> select* from bb; +------+------+------+ | id| name | age | +------+------+------+ | 1 | 2 | 3 | | 3 | 4 | 5 | +------+------+------+ 2 rows inset(0.01 sec)
主清除数据 mysql> delete from bb; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select* from bb; Empty set(0.00 sec) slave上 mysql> select* from bb; Empty set(0.00 sec)
双主其实更简单
先授权
主：192.168.0.21 create database abc; create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int); grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.22'identified by '123456'; flush privileges; 主：192.168.0.22 create database abc; create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int); grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.21'identified by '123456'; flush privileges;
配置文件：
主：192.168.0.21 server-id= 1 binlog-do-db=abc binlog-ignore-db = mysql master-host=192.168.0.22 master-user=root master-password=123456 master-port=3306 master-connect-retry=60 log-bin 主：192.168.0.22 server-id= 2 binlog-ignore-db = mysql master-host=192.168.0.21 master-user=root master-password=123456 master-port=3306 master-connect-retry=60 replicate-do-db=abc binlog-do-db=abc log-bin
然后重启
因为我的真实环境是主从，这里只测试了主从，双同步一样的道理，只是把主从反过来而已。
#添加开机启动项 然后开机也同步测试 [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local #!/bin/sh # # This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts. # You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't # want to do the full Sys V style init stuff. touch/var/lock/subsys/local modprobe ip_conntrack /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d service php-fpm start /usr/bin/memcachedstart service mysql restart
注意开机后防火墙端口一定要允许访问3306 否则则不同步！！！！！
