Rails 1.2新特性体验（String和Array）

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1 获取指定位置的字符
ruby 代码

>> "Finally, something useful!".at(6)
=> "y"

2  from 和 to (String)

ruby 代码

>> "Chris the Person".from(6)
=> "the Person"
>> "Chris the Person".to(4)
=> "Chris"

3  first 和 last (String)

   
   
   
   

    
    
    
    ruby 代码
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
>> "Christmas Time".first
=> "C"
>> "Christmas Time".first(5)
=> "Chris"
>> "Christmas Time".last
=> "e"
>> "Christmas Time".last(4)
=> "Time"
first带参数与to功能相似。last带参数与from功能相似

4 each_char 把字符串转换成字符数组进行处理

    
    
    
    

     
     
     
     ruby 代码
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
>> "Snow".each_char { |i| print i.upcase }
SNOW
>>"Snow".upcase
SNOW
5 starts_with? 和 ends_with?去检测一个regular expression

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   ruby 代码
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
>> "Peanut Butter".starts_with? 'Peanut'
=> true
>> "Peanut Butter".ends_with? 'Nutter'
=> false
6 to_time 和 to_date

   
   
   
   

    
    
    
    ruby 代码
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
>> "1985-03-13".to_time
=> Wed Mar 13 00:00:00 UTC 1985
>> "1985-03-13".to_date
=> #
7 转换的方法：

pluralize, singularize, camelize, titleize, underscore, dasherize, demodulize, tableize, classify, humanize, foreign_key, and constantize

 

8 to_sentence把数组转换成一个字符串，用逗号分隔，并且在最后一个元素前加上'and'。可以带两个参数，:connector 和 :skip_last_comma.第一个参数最后一个元素前要加上的字符串，默认是‘and’。后一个表示是否在最后两个元素之间加上逗号分隔符。false：加上。true：不加上,默认是false

 

ruby 代码

>> %w[Chris Mark Steven].to_sentence
=> "Chris, Mark, and Steven"

>> %w[Soap Mocha Chocolate].to_sentence(:connector => '&')
=> "Soap, Mocha, & Chocolate"
>> %w[Ratatat Interpol Beirut].to_sentence(:skip_last_comma => true)
=> "Ratatat, Interpol and Beirut"

10 rails重载了to_s方法。加入了一个参数：db,只能工作在 ActiveRecord objects。输出所有model对象的id值。

 

ruby 代码

>> array_of_posts = Post.find(:all, :limit => 3)
=> [#
>> array_of_posts.to_s(:db)
=> "1,2,3"
>> [].to_s
=> ""
>> [].to_s(:db)
=> "null"

 

11  to_xml，包含几个参数。

Pass in :skip_instruct to omit the line. You can also provide an :indent option (default: 2), a :builder option (you probably want to stick with the default of Builder::XmlMarkup), a :root option (defaults to the lowercase plural name of the class, posts in this case), and a children option (singular lowercase class—post for me).

      
      
      
      

       
       
       
       ruby 代码
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
>> puts array_of_posts.to_xml
=> "?>


    ... tons of xml ...


12 in_groups_of (只能在ActiveRecord objects中使用。)

      
      
      
      

       
       
       
       ruby 代码
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
>> %w[1 2 3 4 5 6 7].in_groups_of(3) { |g| p g }
["1", "2", "3"]
["4", "5", "6"]
["7", nil, nil]

>> %w[1 2 3].in_groups_of(2, ' ') { |g| p g }
["1", "2"]
["3", " "]

>> %w[1 2 3].in_groups_of(2, false) { |g| p g }
["1", "2"]
["3"]

>> %w[1 2 3 4 5 6 7].in_groups_of(3)
=> [["1", "2", "3"], ["4", "5", "6"], ["7", nil, nil]]
13 split 
       
       
       
       

        
        
        
        ruby 代码
        
        
        
        

       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
>> %w[Tom Jerry and Mickey and Pluto].split('and')
=> [["Tom", "Jerry"], ["Mickey"], ["Pluto"]]
>> %w[Chris Mark Adam Tommy Martin Oliver].split { |name| name.first == 'M' }
=> [["Chris"], ["Adam", "Tommy"], ["Oliver"]]

ruby 代码

>> "reindeer".pluralize
=> "reindeers"
>> "elves".singularize
=> "elf"
>> "christmas_carol".camelize
=> "ChristmasCarol"
>> "christmas_carol".camelize(:lower)
=> "christmasCarol"
>> "holiday_cheer".titleize
=> "Holiday Cheer"
>> "AdventCalendar-2006".underscore
=> "advent_calendar_2006"
>> "santa_Claus".dasherize
=> "santa-Claus"
>> "Holiday::December::Christmas".demodulize
=> "Christmas"
>> "SnowStorm".tableize
=> "snow_storms"
>> "snow_storms".classify
=> "SnowStorm"
>> "present_id".humanize
=> "Present"
>> "Present".foreign_key
=> "present_id"
>> "Cheer".constantize
NameError: uninitialized constant Cheer
>> "Christmas".constantize
=> Christmas

上面是字符串部分，下面是数组部分：