引用自《SQL Server 2012 Internals》：

“

In some cases, checkpoints might issue a substantial amount of I/O, causing the I/O subsystem to get inundated with write requests, which can severely affect read performance. On the other hand,
relatively low I/O activity can be utilized during some periods. SQL Server 2012 includes a commandline option that allows throttling of checkpoint I/Os. Use the SQL Server Confguration Manager
and add the –k parameter, followed by a decimal number, to the list of startup parameters for the SQL Server service. The value specifed indicates the number of megabytes per second that the checkpoint process can write. By using this –k option, the I/O overhead of checkpoints can be spread out
and have a more measured effect. Remember that by default, the checkpoint process makes sure that SQL Server can recover databases within the recovery interval that you specify. If you enable this option, the default behavior changes, resulting in a long recovery time if you specify a very low value for
the parameter. Backups might require slightly more time to fnish because a checkpoint process that a backup initiates is also delayed. Before enabling this option on a production system, make sure that
you have enough hardware to sustain the I/O requests posted by SQL Server and that you have thoroughly tested your applications on the system. The –k option doesn’t apply to indirect checkpoints.

”


C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL12.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn>sqlservr.exe /?
usage: sqlservr
        [-a,]                    (adding a
n L2 buffer pool file)
        [-c] (not as a service)
        [-d file] (alternative master data file)
        [-l file] (alternative master log file)
        [-e file] (alternate errorlog file)
        [-f] (minimal configuration mode)
        [-m] (single user admin mode)
        [-g number] (stack MB to reserve)
        [-k ] (checkpoint speed in MB/sec)
        [-n] (do not use event logging)
        [-s name] (alternate registry key name)
        [-T ] (trace flag turned on at startup)
        [-x] (no statistics tracking)
        [-y number] (stack dump on this error)
        [-B] (breakpoint on error (used with -y))
        [-K] (force regeneration of service master key (if exists))
        [-v] (list version information)

See documentation for details.