LNMP架构介绍：

    和LAMP不同的是，提供web服务的是Nginx

    并且php是作为一个独立服务存在的，这个服务叫做php-fpm

    Nginx直接处理静态请求，动态请求会转发给php-fpm

    LNMP环境搭建_第1张图片

MySQL安装：

    LNMP中MySQL的安装步骤和LAMP是一样的，这里简单写一下过程：

cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

PHP安装：

    安装PHP和LAMP安装的PHP是有区别的。因为Nginx中的PHP是以fastcgi的方式结合Nginx的，可以理解为Nginx代理了PHP的fastcgi，而httpd是把PHP作为自己的模块来调用的

    1. 下载源码包：wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.6.9.tar.gz

    2. 解压：tar zxvf php-5.6.9.tar.gz

    3. 创建账号：useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm;     该账号用来运行php-fpm服务的

    4. 配置编译选项：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl  --with-openssl

    报错信息：

    image.png

    yum install -y libxml2 libxml2-devel

    image.png

    

    5.编译安装：make && make install

    6.修改配置文件：

    cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini

    vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf  # 加入以下内容
    [global]                                                                                                             
    pid=/usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
    error_log=/usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
    [www]
    listen=/tmp/php-fcgi.sock
    listen.mode=666
    user=php-fpm
    group=php-fpm
    pm=dynamic
    pm.max_children=50
    pm.start_servers=20
    pm.min_spare_servers=5
    pm.max_spare_servers=35
    pm.max_requests=500
    rlimit_files=1024

        测试配置是否存在语法错误：/usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t

    7.启动php-fpm

    cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

    chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm LNMP环境搭建_第2张图片

    设置开机启动： chkconfig php-fpm on

Nginx介绍：

    Nginx官网 nginx.org，最新版1.13，最新稳定版1.12 

    Nginx应用场景：web服务、反向代理、负载均衡

    Nginx著名分支，淘宝基于Nginx开发的Tengine，使用上和Nginx一致，服务名，配置文件名都一样，和Nginx的最大区别在于Tenging增加了一些定制化模块，在安全限速方面表现突出，另外它支持对js，css合并

    Nginx核心+lua相关的组件和模块组成了一个支持lua的高性能web容器openresty，参考http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/2280928

Nginx安装：

    1. 下载和解压

    wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/nginx/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

    tar zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

    2. 配置编译选项

    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

    3. 编译安装

    make && make install

    4. 编写启动脚本，并加入系统服务

vim /etc/init.d/nginx  # 加入脚本内容
#!/bin/bash                                                                                                              
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() 
{
        echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
                mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
                    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
                        RETVAL=$?
                            echo
                                return $RETVAL
}
stop() 
{
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
                killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
                    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
                        RETVAL=$?
                           echo
                                return $RETVAL
}
stop() 
{
        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
                killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
                    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
                        RETVAL=$?
                            echo
                                return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
        echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
                killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
                    RETVAL=$?
                        echo
                            return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
        stop
                start
}
configtest()
{
        $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
                return 0
}
case "$1" in
    start)
        start
        ;;
    stop)
        stop
        ;;
    reload)
        reload
        ;;
    restart)
        restart
        ;;
    configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
    *)
         echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
         RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL

    image.png

    5. 更改Nginx的配置文件

> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  # 加入以下内容
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
        include mime.types;
        default_type application/octet-stream;
        server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
        server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
        log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
        ' $host "$request_uri" $status'
        ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush on;
        keepalive_timeout 30;
        client_header_timeout 3m;
        client_body_timeout 3m;
        send_timeout 3m;
        connection_pool_size 256;
        client_header_buffer_size 1k;
        large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
        request_pool_size 4k;
        output_buffers 4 32k;
        postpone_output 1460;
        client_max_body_size 10m;
        client_body_buffer_size 256k;
        client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
        proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
        fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
        fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        tcp_nodelay on;
        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length 1k;
        gzip_buffers 4 8k;
        gzip_comp_level 5;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
        application/xml;

        server
        {
            listen 80;
            server_name localhost;
            index index.html index.htm index.php;
            root /usr/local/nginx/html;

            location ~ \.php$
            {
                include fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            }
        }
}

    image.png    

    6. 启动Nginx，（日志文件：/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log）

    service nginx start image.png

    7. 测试是否正常解析PHP

    vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php

    image.png