本文实例讲述了Zend Framework入门教程之Zend_Mail用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
Zend_Mail组件提供了通用化的功能来创建和发送文本。
Zend_Mail通过PHP内建的mail()函数或者直接通过SMTP连接来发送邮件。
一个简单的邮件由收件人、主题、邮件内容以及发件人等内容组成。
步骤如下
1.创建对象
2.设置邮件内容
3.发送
案例：
addTo("[email protected]","jim"); //添加一个收件人
$my_mail->setSubject("Just a test"); //设置主题
$my_mail->setBodyText("Hello Jim!"); //为邮件设置正文内容
$my_mail->setFrom("[email protected]","jiqing"); //为邮件设置发件人
echo "邮件设置完毕";
echo "";
echo "邮件收件人为：";
$result = $my_mail->getHeaders();
echo $result['To'][0];
echo "
";
echo "邮件主题为：";
echo $my_mail->getSubject();
echo "
";
echo "邮件内容为：";
$result = $my_mail->getBodyText();
echo $result->getContent();
echo "
";
echo "邮件发件人为：";
echo $my_mail->getFrom();
echo "
";
$my_mail->send();
结果：
邮件设置完毕 邮件收件人为：jim 邮件主题为：Just a test 邮件内容为：Hello Jim! 邮件发件人为：[email protected]
Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'Zend_Mail_Transport_Exception' with message 'Unable to send mail. mail() [function.mail]: Failed to connect to mailserver at "localhost" port 25, verify your "SMTP" and "smtp_port" setting in php.ini or use ini_set()' in C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail\Transport\Sendmail.php:137 Stack trace: #0 C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail\Transport\Abstract.php(348): Zend_Mail_Transport_Sendmail->_sendMail() #1 C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail.php(1194): Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract->send(Object(Zend_Mail)) #2 D:\xampp\htdocs\test.php(24): Zend_Mail->send() #3 {main} thrown in C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail\Transport\Sendmail.php on line 137
点评：
这里执行不能成功，是因为没有配置好Mail服务器。
源码分析：
_charset = $charset;
}
}
/**
* Return charset string
*
* @return string
*/
public function getCharset()
{
return $this->_charset;
}
/**
* Set content type
*
* Should only be used for manually setting multipart content types.
*
* @param string $type Content type
* @return Zend_Mail Implements fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception for types not supported by Zend_Mime
*/
public function setType($type)
{
$allowed = array(
Zend_Mime::MULTIPART_ALTERNATIVE,
Zend_Mime::MULTIPART_MIXED,
Zend_Mime::MULTIPART_RELATED,
);
if (!in_array($type, $allowed)) {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Invalid content type "' . $type . '"');
}
$this->_type = $type;
return $this;
}
/**
* Get content type of the message
*
* @return string
*/
public function getType()
{
return $this->_type;
}
/**
* Set an arbitrary mime boundary for the message
*
* If not set, Zend_Mime will generate one.
*
* @param string $boundary
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function setMimeBoundary($boundary)
{
$this->_mimeBoundary = $boundary;
return $this;
}
/**
* Return the boundary string used for the message
*
* @return string
*/
public function getMimeBoundary()
{
return $this->_mimeBoundary;
}
/**
* Return encoding of mail headers
*
* @deprecated use {@link getHeaderEncoding()} instead
* @return string
*/
public function getEncodingOfHeaders()
{
return $this->getHeaderEncoding();
}
/**
* Return the encoding of mail headers
*
* Either Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE or Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64
*
* @return string
*/
public function getHeaderEncoding()
{
return $this->_headerEncoding;
}
/**
* Set the encoding of mail headers
*
* @deprecated Use {@link setHeaderEncoding()} instead.
* @param string $encoding
* @return Zend_Mail
*/
public function setEncodingOfHeaders($encoding)
{
return $this->setHeaderEncoding($encoding);
}
/**
* Set the encoding of mail headers
*
* @param string $encoding Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE or Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function setHeaderEncoding($encoding)
{
$allowed = array(
Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64,
Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE
);
if (!in_array($encoding, $allowed)) {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Invalid encoding "' . $encoding . '"');
}
$this->_headerEncoding = $encoding;
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets the text body for the message.
*
* @param string $txt
* @param string $charset
* @param string $encoding
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function setBodyText($txt, $charset = null, $encoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE)
{
if ($charset === null) {
$charset = $this->_charset;
}
$mp = new Zend_Mime_Part($txt);
$mp->encoding = $encoding;
$mp->type = Zend_Mime::TYPE_TEXT;
$mp->disposition = Zend_Mime::DISPOSITION_INLINE;
$mp->charset = $charset;
$this->_bodyText = $mp;
return $this;
}
/**
* Return text body Zend_Mime_Part or string
*
* @param bool textOnly Whether to return just the body text content or the MIME part; defaults to false, the MIME part
* @return false|Zend_Mime_Part|string
*/
public function getBodyText($textOnly = false)
{
if ($textOnly && $this->_bodyText) {
$body = $this->_bodyText;
return $body->getContent();
}
return $this->_bodyText;
}
/**
* Sets the HTML body for the message
*
* @param string $html
* @param string $charset
* @param string $encoding
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function setBodyHtml($html, $charset = null, $encoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE)
{
if ($charset === null) {
$charset = $this->_charset;
}
$mp = new Zend_Mime_Part($html);
$mp->encoding = $encoding;
$mp->type = Zend_Mime::TYPE_HTML;
$mp->disposition = Zend_Mime::DISPOSITION_INLINE;
$mp->charset = $charset;
$this->_bodyHtml = $mp;
return $this;
}
/**
* Return Zend_Mime_Part representing body HTML
*
* @param bool $htmlOnly Whether to return the body HTML only, or the MIME part; defaults to false, the MIME part
* @return false|Zend_Mime_Part|string
*/
public function getBodyHtml($htmlOnly = false)
{
if ($htmlOnly && $this->_bodyHtml) {
$body = $this->_bodyHtml;
return $body->getContent();
}
return $this->_bodyHtml;
}
/**
* Adds an existing attachment to the mail message
*
* @param Zend_Mime_Part $attachment
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function addAttachment(Zend_Mime_Part $attachment)
{
$this->addPart($attachment);
$this->hasAttachments = true;
return $this;
}
/**
* Creates a Zend_Mime_Part attachment
*
* Attachment is automatically added to the mail object after creation. The
* attachment object is returned to allow for further manipulation.
*
* @param string $body
* @param string $mimeType
* @param string $disposition
* @param string $encoding
* @param string $filename OPTIONAL A filename for the attachment
* @return Zend_Mime_Part Newly created Zend_Mime_Part object (to allow
* advanced settings)
*/
public function createAttachment($body,
$mimeType = Zend_Mime::TYPE_OCTETSTREAM,
$disposition = Zend_Mime::DISPOSITION_ATTACHMENT,
$encoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64,
$filename = null)
{
$mp = new Zend_Mime_Part($body);
$mp->encoding = $encoding;
$mp->type = $mimeType;
$mp->disposition = $disposition;
$mp->filename = $filename;
$this->addAttachment($mp);
return $mp;
}
/**
* Return a count of message parts
*
* @return integer
*/
public function getPartCount()
{
return count($this->_parts);
}
/**
* Encode header fields
*
* Encodes header content according to RFC1522 if it contains non-printable
* characters.
*
* @param string $value
* @return string
*/
protected function _encodeHeader($value)
{
if (Zend_Mime::isPrintable($value) === false) {
if ($this->getHeaderEncoding() === Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE) {
$value = Zend_Mime::encodeQuotedPrintableHeader($value, $this->getCharset(), Zend_Mime::LINELENGTH, Zend_Mime::LINEEND);
} else {
$value = Zend_Mime::encodeBase64Header($value, $this->getCharset(), Zend_Mime::LINELENGTH, Zend_Mime::LINEEND);
}
}
return $value;
}
/**
* Add a header to the message
*
* Adds a header to this message. If append is true and the header already
* exists, raises a flag indicating that the header should be appended.
*
* @param string $headerName
* @param string $value
* @param bool $append
*/
protected function _storeHeader($headerName, $value, $append = false)
{
if (isset($this->_headers[$headerName])) {
$this->_headers[$headerName][] = $value;
} else {
$this->_headers[$headerName] = array($value);
}
if ($append) {
$this->_headers[$headerName]['append'] = true;
}
}
/**
* Clear header from the message
*
* @param string $headerName
* @deprecated use public method directly
*/
protected function _clearHeader($headerName)
{
$this->clearHeader($headerName);
}
/**
* Helper function for adding a recipient and the corresponding header
*
* @param string $headerName
* @param string $email
* @param string $name
*/
protected function _addRecipientAndHeader($headerName, $email, $name)
{
$email = $this->_filterEmail($email);
$name = $this->_filterName($name);
// prevent duplicates
$this->_recipients[$email] = 1;
$this->_storeHeader($headerName, $this->_formatAddress($email, $name), true);
}
/**
* Adds To-header and recipient, $email can be an array, or a single string address
*
* @param string|array $email
* @param string $name
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function addTo($email, $name='')
{
if (!is_array($email)) {
$email = array($name => $email);
}
foreach ($email as $n => $recipient) {
$this->_addRecipientAndHeader('To', $recipient, is_int($n) ? '' : $n);
$this->_to[] = $recipient;
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Adds Cc-header and recipient, $email can be an array, or a single string address
*
* @param string|array $email
* @param string $name
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function addCc($email, $name='')
{
if (!is_array($email)) {
$email = array($name => $email);
}
foreach ($email as $n => $recipient) {
$this->_addRecipientAndHeader('Cc', $recipient, is_int($n) ? '' : $n);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Adds Bcc recipient, $email can be an array, or a single string address
*
* @param string|array $email
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function addBcc($email)
{
if (!is_array($email)) {
$email = array($email);
}
foreach ($email as $recipient) {
$this->_addRecipientAndHeader('Bcc', $recipient, '');
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Return list of recipient email addresses
*
* @return array (of strings)
*/
public function getRecipients()
{
return array_keys($this->_recipients);
}
/**
* Clear header from the message
*
* @param string $headerName
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent inter
*/
public function clearHeader($headerName)
{
if (isset($this->_headers[$headerName])){
unset($this->_headers[$headerName]);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Clears list of recipient email addresses
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearRecipients()
{
$this->_recipients = array();
$this->_to = array();
$this->clearHeader('To');
$this->clearHeader('Cc');
$this->clearHeader('Bcc');
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets From-header and sender of the message
*
* @param string $email
* @param string $name
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if called subsequent times
*/
public function setFrom($email, $name = null)
{
if (null !== $this->_from) {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('From Header set twice');
}
$email = $this->_filterEmail($email);
$name = $this->_filterName($name);
$this->_from = $email;
$this->_storeHeader('From', $this->_formatAddress($email, $name), true);
return $this;
}
/**
* Set Reply-To Header
*
* @param string $email
* @param string $name
* @return Zend_Mail
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if called more than one time
*/
public function setReplyTo($email, $name = null)
{
if (null !== $this->_replyTo) {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Reply-To Header set twice');
}
$email = $this->_filterEmail($email);
$name = $this->_filterName($name);
$this->_replyTo = $email;
$this->_storeHeader('Reply-To', $this->_formatAddress($email, $name), true);
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the sender of the mail
*
* @return string
*/
public function getFrom()
{
return $this->_from;
}
/**
* Returns the current Reply-To address of the message
*
* @return string|null Reply-To address, null when not set
*/
public function getReplyTo()
{
return $this->_replyTo;
}
/**
* Clears the sender from the mail
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearFrom()
{
$this->_from = null;
$this->clearHeader('From');
return $this;
}
/**
* Clears the current Reply-To address from the message
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearReplyTo()
{
$this->_replyTo = null;
$this->clearHeader('Reply-To');
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets Default From-email and name of the message
*
* @param string $email
* @param string Optional $name
* @return void
*/
public static function setDefaultFrom($email, $name = null)
{
self::$_defaultFrom = array('email' => $email, 'name' => $name);
}
/**
* Returns the default sender of the mail
*
* @return null|array Null if none was set.
*/
public static function getDefaultFrom()
{
return self::$_defaultFrom;
}
/**
* Clears the default sender from the mail
*
* @return void
*/
public static function clearDefaultFrom()
{
self::$_defaultFrom = null;
}
/**
* Sets From-name and -email based on the defaults
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function setFromToDefaultFrom() {
$from = self::getDefaultFrom();
if($from === null) {
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception(
'No default From Address set to use');
}
$this->setFrom($from['email'], $from['name']);
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets Default ReplyTo-address and -name of the message
*
* @param string $email
* @param string Optional $name
* @return void
*/
public static function setDefaultReplyTo($email, $name = null)
{
self::$_defaultReplyTo = array('email' => $email, 'name' => $name);
}
/**
* Returns the default Reply-To Address and Name of the mail
*
* @return null|array Null if none was set.
*/
public static function getDefaultReplyTo()
{
return self::$_defaultReplyTo;
}
/**
* Clears the default ReplyTo-address and -name from the mail
*
* @return void
*/
public static function clearDefaultReplyTo()
{
self::$_defaultReplyTo = null;
}
/**
* Sets ReplyTo-name and -email based on the defaults
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function setReplyToFromDefault() {
$replyTo = self::getDefaultReplyTo();
if($replyTo === null) {
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception(
'No default Reply-To Address set to use');
}
$this->setReplyTo($replyTo['email'], $replyTo['name']);
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets the Return-Path header of the message
*
* @param string $email
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if set multiple times
*/
public function setReturnPath($email)
{
if ($this->_returnPath === null) {
$email = $this->_filterEmail($email);
$this->_returnPath = $email;
$this->_storeHeader('Return-Path', $email, false);
} else {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Return-Path Header set twice');
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the current Return-Path address of the message
*
* If no Return-Path header is set, returns the value of {@link $_from}.
*
* @return string
*/
public function getReturnPath()
{
if (null !== $this->_returnPath) {
return $this->_returnPath;
}
return $this->_from;
}
/**
* Clears the current Return-Path address from the message
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearReturnPath()
{
$this->_returnPath = null;
$this->clearHeader('Return-Path');
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets the subject of the message
*
* @param string $subject
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
public function setSubject($subject)
{
if ($this->_subject === null) {
$subject = $this->_filterOther($subject);
$this->_subject = $this->_encodeHeader($subject);
$this->_storeHeader('Subject', $this->_subject);
} else {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Subject set twice');
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the encoded subject of the message
*
* @return string
*/
public function getSubject()
{
return $this->_subject;
}
/**
* Clears the encoded subject from the message
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearSubject()
{
$this->_subject = null;
$this->clearHeader('Subject');
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets Date-header
*
* @param timestamp|string|Zend_Date $date
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if called subsequent times or wrong date format.
*/
public function setDate($date = null)
{
if ($this->_date === null) {
if ($date === null) {
$date = date('r');
} else if (is_int($date)) {
$date = date('r', $date);
} else if (is_string($date)) {
$date = strtotime($date);
if ($date === false || $date < 0) {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('String representations of Date Header must be ' .
'strtotime()-compatible');
}
$date = date('r', $date);
} else if ($date instanceof Zend_Date) {
$date = $date->get(Zend_Date::RFC_2822);
} else {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception(__METHOD__ . ' only accepts UNIX timestamps, Zend_Date objects, ' .
' and strtotime()-compatible strings');
}
$this->_date = $date;
$this->_storeHeader('Date', $date);
} else {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Date Header set twice');
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the formatted date of the message
*
* @return string
*/
public function getDate()
{
return $this->_date;
}
/**
* Clears the formatted date from the message
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearDate()
{
$this->_date = null;
$this->clearHeader('Date');
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets the Message-ID of the message
*
* @param boolean|string $id
* true :Auto
* false :No set
* null :No set
* string:Sets given string (Angle brackets is not necessary)
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
public function setMessageId($id = true)
{
if ($id === null || $id === false) {
return $this;
} elseif ($id === true) {
$id = $this->createMessageId();
}
if ($this->_messageId === null) {
$id = $this->_filterOther($id);
$this->_messageId = $id;
$this->_storeHeader('Message-Id', '<' . $this->_messageId . '>');
} else {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Message-ID set twice');
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the Message-ID of the message
*
* @return string
*/
public function getMessageId()
{
return $this->_messageId;
}
/**
* Clears the Message-ID from the message
*
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function clearMessageId()
{
$this->_messageId = null;
$this->clearHeader('Message-Id');
return $this;
}
/**
* Creates the Message-ID
*
* @return string
*/
public function createMessageId() {
$time = time();
if ($this->_from !== null) {
$user = $this->_from;
} elseif (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) {
$user = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
} else {
$user = getmypid();
}
$rand = mt_rand();
if ($this->_recipients !== array()) {
$recipient = array_rand($this->_recipients);
} else {
$recipient = 'unknown';
}
if (isset($_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"])) {
$hostName = $_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"];
} else {
$hostName = php_uname('n');
}
return sha1($time . $user . $rand . $recipient) . '@' . $hostName;
}
/**
* Add a custom header to the message
*
* @param string $name
* @param string $value
* @param boolean $append
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
* @throws Zend_Mail_Exception on attempts to create standard headers
*/
public function addHeader($name, $value, $append = false)
{
$prohibit = array('to', 'cc', 'bcc', 'from', 'subject',
'reply-to', 'return-path',
'date', 'message-id',
);
if (in_array(strtolower($name), $prohibit)) {
/**
* @see Zend_Mail_Exception
*/
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php';
throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Cannot set standard header from addHeader()');
}
$value = $this->_filterOther($value);
$value = $this->_encodeHeader($value);
$this->_storeHeader($name, $value, $append);
return $this;
}
/**
* Return mail headers
*
* @return void
*/
public function getHeaders()
{
return $this->_headers;
}
/**
* Sends this email using the given transport or a previously
* set DefaultTransport or the internal mail function if no
* default transport had been set.
*
* @param Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract $transport
* @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface
*/
public function send($transport = null)
{
if ($transport === null) {
if (! self::$_defaultTransport instanceof Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract) {
require_once 'Zend/Mail/Transport/Sendmail.php';
$transport = new Zend_Mail_Transport_Sendmail();
} else {
$transport = self::$_defaultTransport;
}
}
if ($this->_date === null) {
$this->setDate();
}
if(null === $this->_from && null !== self::getDefaultFrom()) {
$this->setFromToDefaultFrom();
}
if(null === $this->_replyTo && null !== self::getDefaultReplyTo()) {
$this->setReplyToFromDefault();
}
$transport->send($this);
return $this;
}
/**
* Filter of email data
*
* @param string $email
* @return string
*/
protected function _filterEmail($email)
{
$rule = array("\r" => '',
"\n" => '',
"\t" => '',
'"' => '',
',' => '',
'<' => '',
'>' => '',
);
return strtr($email, $rule);
}
/**
* Filter of name data
*
* @param string $name
* @return string
*/
protected function _filterName($name)
{
$rule = array("\r" => '',
"\n" => '',
"\t" => '',
'"' => "'",
'<' => '[',
'>' => ']',
);
return trim(strtr($name, $rule));
}
/**
* Filter of other data
*
* @param string $data
* @return string
*/
protected function _filterOther($data)
{
$rule = array("\r" => '',
"\n" => '',
"\t" => '',
);
return strtr($data, $rule);
}
/**
* Formats e-mail address
*
* @param string $email
* @param string $name
* @return string
*/
protected function _formatAddress($email, $name)
{
if ($name === '' || $name === null || $name === $email) {
return $email;
} else {
$encodedName = $this->_encodeHeader($name);
if ($encodedName === $name && strcspn($name, '()<>[]:;@\\,') != strlen($name)) {
$format = '"%s" <%s>';
} else {
$format = '%s <%s>';
}
return sprintf($format, $encodedName, $email);
}
}
}
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