详解AngularJS中自定义指令的使用

 自定义指令中使用AngularJS扩展HTML的功能。自定义指令使用的“指令”的功能定义。自定义指令只是替换了它被激活的元素。引导过程中AngularJS应用程序找到了匹配的元素，并做好使用自定义指令compile()方法一次活动再处理使用基于指令的范围自定义指令link()方法的元素。 AngularJS提供支持，以下列元素的类型来创建自定义指令。

•     Element directives - 指令遇到时激活一个匹配的元素。
•     Attribute - - 指令遇到时激活一个匹配的属性。
•     CSS - - 指令遇到时激活匹配CSS样式。
•     Comment - - 指令遇到时激活匹配的注释。

了解自定义指令

定义自定义的HTML标签。

定义自定义指令来处理上面的自定义HTML标签。

var mainApp = angular.module("mainApp", []);

//Create a directive, first parameter is the html element to be attached.  
//We are attaching student html tag. 
//This directive will be activated as soon as any student element is encountered in html
mainApp.directive('student', function() {
  //define the directive object
  var directive = {};
  //restrict = E, signifies that directive is Element directive
  directive.restrict = 'E';
  //template replaces the complete element with its text. 
  directive.template = "Student: {{student.name}} , Roll No: {{student.rollno}}";
  //scope is used to distinguish each student element based on criteria.
  directive.scope = {
    student : "=name"
  }
  //compile is called during application initialization. AngularJS calls it once when html page is loaded.
  directive.compile = function(element, attributes) {
   element.css("border", "1px solid #cccccc");
  //linkFunction is linked with each element with scope to get the element specific data.
   var linkFunction = function($scope, element, attributes) {
     element.html("Student: "+$scope.student.name +" , Roll No: "+$scope.student.rollno+"
");
     element.css("background-color", "#ff00ff");
   }
   return linkFunction;
  }
  return directive;
});

定义控制器以更新范围为指令。在这里，我们使用name属性值作为子的作用域。

mainApp.controller('StudentController', function($scope) {
   $scope.Mahesh = {};
   $scope.Mahesh.name = "Mahesh Parashar";
   $scope.Mahesh.rollno = 1;

   $scope.Piyush = {};
   $scope.Piyush.name = "Piyush Parashar";
   $scope.Piyush.rollno = 2;
});

例子

  


  
AngularJS Sample Application
  

 

 
  
  
  

结果

在Web浏览器中打开textAngularJS.html。看到结果如下：