第八章:软件包的安装与管理

 

 

 

1.Linux常见软件包格式

 

RPMRedhat PackageManagement

     红帽包管理。Redhat Linux专用的软件包格式,扩展名为.rpm

 

DEBDebian Linux专用的软件包格式,扩展名为.deb

 

APTAdvanced packagetool,高级包工具

    Ubuntu Linux专用软件包格式,基于Internet互联网的APT软件源,扩展名为.apt

 

Source code packet源码包

   软件包的源码文件包,在所有Unix/Linux下通用。

   扩展名一般为压缩格式.tar   .tar.gz  .tar.bz2

 

 

 

2.RPM软件包管理

 

现在,几乎所有的linux发行版都支持rpm包的安装。(suse,debian甚至AIX的小型机)

对于windows来说,包是后缀为.exe类的软件包,代码是开发人员已经编译好的,看不到源代码!在linux下是装不了.exe软件包的,因为两者的架构不同,windows下的应用程序在linux下不可用!

linux下的rpm包也是被编译过的二进制文件,也是看不到源代码;可是Linux更多的软件是用源码包安装!因为linux开源的意义使得我们可以很容易的获取到软件的源代码,而windows下安装包几乎是看不到源代码的!

 

 

2.1.RPM软件包的组成

 

Package-version-release.arch.rpm

 

例:挂载虚拟机镜像,提取rpm包详细解释

[root@freeit ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/

mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected,  mounting read-only

[root@freeit ~]# df

Filesystem            1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/rhel-root  61410000 3049788  58360212    5% /

devtmpfs                 496084       0     496084   0% /dev

tmpfs                    505392       0     505392   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                    505392    7112     498280   2% /run

tmpfs                    505392       0     505392   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/sda1                201388  106044      95344  53% /boot

/dev/sr0                4138442 4138442         0 100% /mnt

[root@freeit ~]# cp  /mnt/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm /tmp/

[root@freeit ~]# cd /tmp/

[root@freeit tmp]# ll

total 168

-r--r--r--. 1 root root 169476 May  6 10:36  vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

说明:

Vsftpd:包名

3.0.2 :主版本号

9.el7 :次版本号

x86_64:使用架构,只能安装在X86_64位架构的系统中

.rpm :包扩展名

 

 

2.2.RPM软件包类别

 

zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.i686.rpm

//支持32位操作系统

 

zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm

//支持64位操作系统

 

yum-plugin-versionlock-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm

//此软件不受架构的限制!

 

 

2.3.RPM软件包的查询

 

语法:

rpm {-q |--query} [select-options ]  [verify-options]  PACKAGE FILE

说明:

{-q |--query}:表明执行软件包查询

select-options:指定本次查询的对象

verify-options:指定本次查询要获得的信息

PACKAGE FILE:要查询的软件包

 

RPM软件包查询命令

  • rpm –qa | grep [packet_name]        

 //查询系统上已安装过的RPM包。加[grep]为过滤查询指定的包

---------------------------------------------查询所有RPM----------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -qa

libXxf86misc-1.0.3-7.1.el7.x86_64

perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch

baobab-3.8.2-4.el7.x86_64

ldns-1.6.16-7.el7.x86_64

xkeyboard-config-2.9-4.el7.noarch

sox-14.4.1-6.el7.x86_64

perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64

gnome-system-log-3.8.1-5.el7.x86_64

iproute-3.10.0-13.el7.x86_64

libreport-filesystem-2.1.11-9.el7.x86_64

xorg-x11-xinit-1.3.2-13.el7.x86_64

…………………………….

//此命令会列出所有Linux中的rpm

-----------------------------------------------查询指定的rpm------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -qa |grep  gnome-system-log-3.8.1-5.el7.x86_64

gnome-system-log-3.8.1-5.el7.x86_64

 

  • rpm –qi             

//查询安装的RPM软件包的详细信息

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -qi  vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm 

package vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm is  not installed

 

  • rpm –ql            

//查询rpm软件包安装到系统的路径信息(安装了那些文件)

--------------------------------------------autofs为例查询安装了那些文件-----------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -ql autofs

/etc/auto.master

/etc/auto.master.d

/etc/auto.misc

/etc/auto.net

/etc/auto.smb

/etc/autofs_ldap_auth.conf

/etc/sysconfig/autofs

/usr/lib/systemd/system/autofs.service

…………………

 

  • rpm –qf

//查询哪个文件属于哪个软件包

例:查询/usr/bin属于那个软件包

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/

filesystem-3.2-18.el7.x86_64

 

  • rpm –qpi

//查询安装或没有安装的软件包的详细信息

例:查询vsftpd软件包的详细信息

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -qpi  vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm:  Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Name        : vsftpd

Version     : 3.0.2

Release     : 9.el7

Architecture: x86_64

Install Date: (not installed)

Group       : System Environment/Daemons

Size        : 351462

License     : GPLv2 with exceptions

Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Thu 03 Apr 2014 05:54:58 AM  CST, Key ID 199e2f91fd431d51

Source RPM  : vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.src.rpm

Build Date  : Fri 07 Mar 2014 05:58:22 PM CST

Build Host  : x86-025.build.eng.bos.redhat.com

Relocations : (not relocatable)

Packager    : Red Hat, Inc.  

Vendor      : Red Hat, Inc.

URL         :  https://security.appspot.com/vsftpd.html

Summary     : Very Secure Ftp Daemon

Description :

vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It  was written completely from

scratch.

 

注:

  • rpm的查询是基于本地数据库的,所以查询速度快。

 

 

2.4.RPM软件包的卸载

 

语法:

rpm {-e|--erase} [erase-options] PACKAGE  FILE

说明:

-e|--erase:表明执行软件包卸载

erase-options:卸载选项

PACKAGE FILE:要卸载的软件包名

 

命令:

rpm –e [packet_name]

例:删除autofs软件包

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -e autofs

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -q autofs

package autofs is not installed

 

 

2.5.RPM包的安装、升级

 

安装语法:

rpm {-I |--install} [ install-options ]  PACKAGE FILE

说明:

  • {-I |--install}:表明执行软件包安装

  • [ install-options ]:安装选项

  • PACKAGE FILE:要安装的软件包名

 

常用参数:

     -i:安装

    -v:显示安装过程

    -h:列出安装标记

    -p:显示安装进度

    -f:忽略任何错误

    -U:升级安装

 

其他参数:

     --replacepkgs:在原来的基础上修补安装,不覆盖原来修改过的

    --force:强制安装

    --oldpackage:安装旧的版本

    --nodeps:不检查依赖关系

 

升级语法:

rpm {-U|--upgrade} [ install-options ]  PACKAGE FILE

说明:

-U|--upgrade:表明执行软件包升级

install-options:升级选项,基本与安装选项相同

PACKAGE FILE:要升级的软件包名

 

参数:

-F:如果软件已安装则升级,如果没有安装则不安装

    -U:如果安装则升级,如果没安装则安装

 

 

2.5.1.一般rpm软件包的安装

 

例:安装vsftpd软件包

----------------------------------------------普通安装------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -ivh  vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm:  Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Preparing...                           ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

    1:vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7                ################################# [100%]

-----------------------------------------------强制安装---------------------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -ivh  vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm --force

warning: vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm:  Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

    1:vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7                ################################# [100%]

---------------------------------------------修补安装-----------------------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -ivh  vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm --replacepkgs

warning: vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm:  Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Preparing...                           ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

    1:vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7                ################################# [100%]

//此安装不会覆盖原来修改过的

 

 

2.5.2.依赖性安装

 

例:安装httpd软件包

[root@freeit tmp]# cp  /mnt/Packages/httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm .

//把镜像中的httpd包提取出来

[root@freeit tmp]# ls

httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm   vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -ivh  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm

warning: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm:  Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

error: Failed dependencies:

         /etc/mime.types is needed  by httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

         httpd-tools = 2.4.6-17.el7 is needed by httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

         libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) is needed by httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

         libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) is needed by httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

如上,安装httpd软件包时,提示需要安装其他包,这就是依赖关系。存在依赖关系的包不安装,则此包不能安装。

 

但是,可以不考虑依赖关系安装

[root@freeit tmp]# rpm -ivh  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps

warning: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm:  Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY

Preparing...                           ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

    1:httpd-2.4.6-17.el7                ################################# [100%]

-------------------------------------------------重启服务---------------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit tmp]# systemctl restart  httpd.service

Job for httpd.service failed. See  'systemctl status httpd.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.

如上:不考虑依赖关系安装,虽然安装成功,但是服务却起不来。所以,这种安装不可取。

 

注:

  • 对于—nodeps的安装,有的服务适用,但大多数服务不适用,请酌情处理。

 

 

3.YUM软件仓库

 

 

3.1.简介

 

YUM(Yellow dog Updater Modified),是由DukeUniversity所发起的计划,目的就是为了解决RPM依赖性关系的问题,方便使用者进行软件安装、升级等工作。

 

YUM只是为了解决RPM的依赖性关系,而不是一种其他的软件安装模式,其本质还是使用RPM包安装方式。

 

YUM的最大优点是解决了软件包的依赖性关系。

 

 

3.2.YUM命令

 

  • yum install [rpm-packet-name]

//安装软件包

 

  • yum –y insttall [rpm-packet-name]

//不提示直接安装

 

  • yum –y remove [rpm-packet-name]

//卸载

 

  • yum list all |grep  [rpm-packet-name]

//查找

 

  • yum search  [rpm-packet-name]

//搜索某软件包的详细信息

 

  • yum list  [rpm-packet-name]

//查看看某个软件包是否安装

 

  • yum list all

//列出所有已安装的包。可以测试yum仓库是否有问题

 

  • yum info  [rpm-packet-name]

//搜索某软件包的详细信息

 

  • yum  provides yumwhatprovides

//搜索某个文件属于哪一个软件包

 

  •  yum clean dbcache |allyum cleanall

//清除所有YUM 仓库缓存。缓存在/var/cache/yum

 

  • yum update

//加入到RHN,寻求更新

 

  • yum groupinstall [paskagegroup]

//安装软件包组

例:安装kde桌面&中文支持

yum   groupinstall “KDE Desktop”

yum groupinstall “Chinese Support”

 

  • yum grouplist

//查看软件包组

 

  • yum localinstall  [rpm-packet-name]

//首先尝试从yum仓库里查看是否有匹配的包(主要用于安装第三方软件,当gpg签名不正确或缺乏依赖关系的时候,可以加-- nogpgcheck参数跳过安装)

 

 

3.3.YUM仓库配置

 

默认的配置文件在/etc/yum.repo.d下创建一个以.repo为后缀的文件。

RHEL7之前的系统中,系统缺省有一个yum仓库的配置,但在RHEL7系统中,缺省是没有的,也就是说要手动创建yum仓库---私有yum仓库。

下面手动创建一个私有YUM仓库

[root@freeit yum.repos.d]# pwd

/etc/yum.repos.d

[root@freeit yum.repos.d]# vim  server.repo

[base]             

name=Red  Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4     

baseurl=file:///mnt                 

enabled=1                        

gpgcheck=0     

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

说明:

/etc/yum.repo.d/server.repo从第一行到最后一行的意思为:

  仓库名,不能与其他的仓库名冲突,也不能使用特殊符号,如空格;

  只是对仓库做描述,写什么都可以;

  指定对应安装源的路径;

  类似开关,1打开,0关闭,默认删掉也是1

  也是类似开关,设置0为不检查,设置1要检查包的完整性,此时从⑥的公钥去检查;

  公钥的钥匙;

 

注:

  • 可以指定多个仓库,但是多个yum仓库中任何一个yum仓库配置的有问题,软件包是安装不了的。

 

 

3.4.YUM查询、搜索&安装&卸载

 

1:查询httpd属于那个软件包并安装httpd服务

--------------------------------------------查询http包属于哪个安装包-------------------------------------

[root@freeit yum.repos.d]# yum provides httpd

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id,  subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat  Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 : Apache HTTP  Server

Repo        : base

 

[root@freeit yum.repos.d]# yum search httpd

//此查询类似模糊查询,没有provides查询更精确

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id,  subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat  Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

================================= N/S  matched: httpd =================================

httpd.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server

httpd-devel.x86_64 : Development  interfaces for the Apache HTTP server

httpd-manual.noarch : Documentation for  the Apache HTTP server

httpd-tools.x86_64 : Tools for use with  the Apache HTTP Server

libmicrohttpd.i686 : Lightweight library  for embedding a webserver in applications

libmicrohttpd.x86_64 : Lightweight  library for embedding a webserver in applications

mod_dav_svn.x86_64 : Apache httpd module  for Subversion server

 

   Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for  everything.

---------------------------------------------安装httpd服务--------------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit yum.repos.d]# yum -y install httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id,  subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat  Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Resolving Dependencies

-->  Running transaction check

--->  Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be installed

-->  Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-17.el7 for package:  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

-->  Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

-->  Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package:  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

-->  Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package:  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

-->  Running transaction check

--->  Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed

--->  Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed

--->  Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be installed

--->  Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed

-->  Finished Dependency Resolution

//依赖性关系的软件包

Dependencies Resolved

 

======================================================================================

 Package               Arch             Version                  Repository      Size

======================================================================================

Installing:

 httpd                 x86_64           2.4.6-17.el7             base           1.2 M

Installing for dependencies:

 apr                   x86_64           1.4.8-3.el7              base           103 k

 apr-util              x86_64           1.5.2-6.el7              base            92 k

 httpd-tools           x86_64           2.4.6-17.el7             base            77 k

 mailcap               noarch           2.1.41-2.el7             base            31 k

 

Transaction Summary

======================================================================================

Install   1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

 

Total download size: 1.5 M

Installed size: 4.3 M

Downloading packages:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                      26 MB/s | 1.5 MB  00:00    

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

   Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64                                              1/5

   Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                        2/5

   Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64                                    3/5

   Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                        4/5

   Installing : httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64                                          5/5  

   Verifying  :  mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                         1/5

   Verifying  :  httpd-tools-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64                                    2/5

   Verifying  :  apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64                                              3/5

   Verifying  :  apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                         4/5

   Verifying  :  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64                                          5/5  

 

Installed:

   httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7                                                          

 

Dependency Installed:

   apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7                    apr-util.x86_64  0:1.5.2-6.el7         

   httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7           mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7         

 

Complete!

如上:使用yum安装httpd时,免去了依赖性关系的麻烦,一次性装好。

 

2:卸载httpd服务

[root@freeit yum.repos.d]# yum -y remove  httpd.x86_64

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id,  subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat  Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package httpd.x86_64  0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be erased

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

 

Dependencies Resolved

 

======================================================================================

 Package         Arch             Version                   Repository           Size

======================================================================================

Removing:

 httpd           x86_64           2.4.6-17.el7              installed           3.7 M

 

Transaction Summary

======================================================================================

Remove   1 Package

 

Installed size: 3.7 M

Downloading packages:

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.

   Erasing    :  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64                                          1/1  

   Verifying  :  httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64                                          1/1  

 

Removed:

   httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7                                                         

 

Complete!

注:

此处卸载httpd服务,如果使用【rpm –e】卸载,由于存在诸多依赖性关系,会提示【error: Failed dependencies】,不能卸载。这也就体现了yum的优势。

 

 

4.源码包安装

 

4.1.压缩文件种类

 

源码包压缩文件的扩展名一般为.tar   .tar.gz   .tar.bz2,常见的为后两种

 

  • .tar.gz

压缩命令:

1:把/etc/passwd复制到/tmp下,并压缩为以.tar.gz结尾的文件

tar zcf passwd passwd.tar.gz

[root@freeit tmp]# ls

fuse-2.7.4         httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm  passwd.tar.gz

fuse-2.7.4.tar.gz  passwd                          vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

 

解压命令:

2:解压这个文件fuse-2.7.4.tar.gz

[root@freeit tmp]# tar -zxvf  fuse-2.7.4.tar.gz

fuse-2.7.4/

fuse-2.7.4/doc/

fuse-2.7.4/doc/how-fuse-works

fuse-2.7.4/doc/kernel.txt

…………………

 

 

  • .tar.bz2

压缩命令:

例:把passwd压缩为.tar.bz2结尾的文件

[root@freeit tmp]# tar -cjvf  passwd.tar.bz2 passwd

passwd

[root@freeit tmp]# ls

fuse-2.7.4                     passwd          vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

fuse-2.7.4.tar.gz              passwd.tar.bz2

httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm  vmware-root

 

解压命令:

例:把/tmp下的wine-1.1.33.tar.bz2解压

[root@freeit tmp]# tar -jxvf wine-1.1.33.tar.bz2

[root@freeit tmp]# ls

fuse-2.7.4                     passwd          vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm

fuse-2.7.4.tar.gz              passwd.tar.bz2  wine-1.1.33

httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64.rpm  vmware-root     wine-1.1.33.tar.bz2

 

 

4.2.源码包安装

 

就以fuse-2.7.4为例,前面实验我们已经加压好了,现在进文件开始安装

[root@freeit tmp]# cd fuse-2.7.4/

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# pwd

/tmp/fuse-2.7.4

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# ls

aclocal.m4    config.sub    doc          INSTALL       Makefile.in    util

AUTHORS       configure     example      install-sh   missing

ChangeLog     configure.in  FAQ           kernel       mkinstalldirs

compile       COPYING       Filesystems  lib          NEWS

config.guess  COPYING.LIB   fuse.pc.in   ltmain.sh    README

config.rpath  depcomp       include      Makefile.am  README.NFS

------------------------------------------------------查看库文件----------------------------------------------------

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# ls lib/

fuse.c            fuse_lowlevel.c  fuse_signals.c      modules       ulockmgr.c

fuse_i.h          fuse_misc.h      fuse_versionscript  mount_bsd.c

fuse_kern_chan.c  fuse_mt.c        helper.c            mount.c

fuse_loop.c       fuse_opt.c       Makefile.am         mount_util.c

fuse_loop_mt.c    fuse_session.c   Makefile.in         mount_util.h

//c语言文件

-----------------------------------------------------查看README文件---------------------------------------------

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# less README

General Information

===================

 

FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace) is a  simple interface for userspace

programs to export a virtual filesystem  to the Linux kernel.  FUSE

also aims to provide a secure method for  non privileged users to

create and mount their own filesystem  implementations.

 

You can download the source code releases  from

 

   http://sourceforge.net/projects/fuse

 

or alternatively you can use CVS to get  the very latest development

version:

 

   cvs -d :pserver:[email protected]:/cvsroot/fuse co  fuse

 

 

Dependencies

============

 

Linux kernel version 2.6.X where X >=  9.

 

Alternatively a kernel module from FUSE  release 2.5.* can be used with

this release, which supports kernels  >= 2.4.21.

 

Installation

============

 

./configure

make

make  install

modprobe  fuse

 

You may also need to add '/usr/local/lib'  to '/etc/ld.so.conf' and/or

run ldconfig.

 

Linux kernels 2.6.14 or later contain  FUSE support out of the box.  If

FUSE support is detected, the kernel  module in this package will not

be compiled.  It is possible to override this with the

README

如上:此文件告诉了我们怎么安装此源码包

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# ./configure

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# make

//编译文件

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# make install

//开始真正安装文件

[root@freeit fuse-2.7.4]# modeprobe fuse

//加载模块

安装成功。