问题：最近在项目中遇到，不同客户机安装不同Office版本，在导出Excel时，发生错误。
找不到Excel Com组件，错误信息如下。
未能加载文件或程序集“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c”或它的某一个依赖项。系统找不到指定的文件。
解决方法：
1.引用高版本的的Excel.dll组件，最新版本14.0.0 防止客户安装高版本如Office不能导出。
（DLL组件可以兼容低版本，不能兼容高版本）
2.右键DLL属性，将引用的Excel.dll组件，嵌入互操作类型为True，特定版本=false .这一步非常关键。
嵌入互操作类型 改成True后，生成时可能现有调用Excel的代码会报错，引用Microsoft.CSharp 命名空间，可以解决此问题。
3.引用Excel 14.0.0 DLL组件方法，vs2012 右键添加引用->程序集->扩展->Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
Excel.dll： http://xiazai.jb51.net/201608/yuanma/Excel(jb51.net).rar
其他方法：
1.使用NPOI.DLL开源组件，可以不安装Office软件，进行读写Excel文件。
NPIO.dll： http://xiazai.jb51.net/201608/yuanma/NPOI(jb51.net).rar
调用方法如下：
导出代码：
////// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream Export() /// /// DataTable数据源 /// Excel表头文本（例如：车辆列表） public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText) { HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(); #region 右击文件 属性信息 { DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation(); dsi.Company = "NPOI"; workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi; SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation(); si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息 si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息 si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息 si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息 si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息 si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息 si.CreateDateTime = System.DateTime.Now; workbook.SummaryInformation = si; } #endregion ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat(); dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd"); //取得列宽 int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count]; foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns) { arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length; } for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++) { int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length; if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j]) { arrColWidth[j] = intTemp; } } } int rowIndex = 0; foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows) { #region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式 if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0) { if (rowIndex != 0) { sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(); } #region 表头及样式 { IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0); headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25; headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER; IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 20; font.Boldweight = 700; headStyle.SetFont(font); headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle; sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1)); } #endregion #region 列头及样式 { IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1); ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle(); headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER; IFont font = workbook.CreateFont(); font.FontHeightInPoints = 10; font.Boldweight = 700; headStyle.SetFont(font); foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) { headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName); headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle; //设置列宽 sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256); } } #endregion rowIndex = 2; } #endregion #region 填充内容 IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex); foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns) { ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal); string drValue = row[column].ToString(); switch (column.DataType.ToString()) { case "System.String"://字符串类型 newCell.SetCellValue(drValue); break; case "System.DateTime"://日期类型 System.DateTime dateV; System.DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV); newCell.SetCellValue(dateV); newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示 break; case "System.Boolean"://布尔型 bool boolV = false; bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV); newCell.SetCellValue(boolV); break; case "System.Int16"://整型 case "System.Int32": case "System.Int64": case "System.Byte": int intV = 0; int.TryParse(drValue, out intV); newCell.SetCellValue(intV); break; case "System.Decimal"://浮点型 case "System.Double": double doubV = 0; double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV); newCell.SetCellValue(doubV); break; case "System.DBNull"://空值处理 newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; default: newCell.SetCellValue(""); break; } } #endregion rowIndex++; } using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream()) { workbook.Write(ms); ms.Flush(); ms.Position = 0; sheet.Dispose(); return ms; } }
导入代码：
////// 读取excel ,默认第一行为标头 /// /// excel文档路径 ///public static DataTable Import(string strFileName) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook; using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) { hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file); } ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0); System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator(); IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0); int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum; for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++) { ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j); dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString()); } for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++) { IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i); DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow(); for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++) { if (row.GetCell(j) != null) dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString(); } dt.Rows.Add(dataRow); } return dt; }
2.使用C#发射方式调用Excel进行，不需要引用Excel.dll组件。此种方法不建议，太麻烦，也需要安装Office。
调用方法如下：
private void Export2Excel(DataGridView datagridview, bool captions)
{
object objApp_Late;
object objBook_Late;
object objBooks_Late;
object objSheets_Late;
object objSheet_Late;
object objRange_Late;
object[] Parameters;
string[] headers = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
string[] columns = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
string[] colName = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
int i = 0;
int c = 0;
int m = 0;
for (c = 0; c < datagridview.Columns.Count; c++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < datagridview.Columns.Count; j++)
{
DataGridViewColumn tmpcol = datagridview.Columns[j];
if (tmpcol.DisplayIndex == c)
{
if (tmpcol.Visible) //不显示的隐藏列初始化为tag＝0
{
headers[c - m] = tmpcol.HeaderText;
i = c - m + 65;
columns[c - m] = Convert.ToString((char)i);
colName[c - m] = tmpcol.Name;
}
else
{
m++;
}
break;
}
}
}
try
{
// Get the class type and instantiate Excel.
Type objClassType;
objClassType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
objApp_Late = Activator.CreateInstance(objClassType);
//Get the workbooks collection.
objBooks_Late = objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Workbooks", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objApp_Late, null);
//Add a new workbook.
objBook_Late = objBooks_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Add", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, objBooks_Late, null);
//Get the worksheets collection.
objSheets_Late = objBook_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Worksheets", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objBook_Late, null);
//Get the first worksheet.
Parameters = new Object[1];
Parameters[0] = 1;
objSheet_Late = objSheets_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheets_Late, Parameters);
if (captions)
{
// Create the headers in the first row of the sheet
for (c = 0; c < datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true); c++)
{
//Get a range object that contains cell.
Parameters = new Object[2];
Parameters[0] = columns[c] + "1";
Parameters[1] = Missing.Value;
objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
//Write Headers in cell.
Parameters = new Object[1];
Parameters[0] = headers[c];
objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
}
}
// Now add the data from the grid to the sheet starting in row 2
for (i = 0; i < datagridview.RowCount; i++)
{
c = 0;
foreach (string txtCol in colName)
{
DataGridViewColumn col = datagridview.Columns[txtCol];
if (col.Visible)
{
//Get a range object that contains cell.
Parameters = new Object[2];
Parameters[0] = columns[c] + Convert.ToString(i + 2);
Parameters[1] = Missing.Value;
objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
//Write Headers in cell.
Parameters = new Object[1];
//Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[headers[c]].Value.ToString();
Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[col.Name].Value.ToString();
objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
c++;
}
}
}
//Return control of Excel to the user.
Parameters = new Object[1];
Parameters[0] = true;
objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Visible", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("UserControl", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
}
catch (Exception theException)
{
String errorMessage;
errorMessage = "Error: ";
errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Message);
errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, " Line: ");
errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Source);
MessageBox.Show(errorMessage, "Error");
}
}
复制代码 代码如下:
System.Type ExcelType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application obj = Activator.CreateInstance(ExcelType) as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application obj = Activator.CreateInstance(ExcelType) as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application;
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。