webpack & react项目搭建一:环境

I. webpack & react项目搭建一:环境

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见知乎文章
写在前面:使用的工具是iTerm命令行工具和Atom代码编辑器。

1. 项目效果

TBD

2. 创建项目并初始化

$ mkdir webpack-react-demo
$ cd webpack-react-demo
$ npm init
$ touch .gitignore
$ touch webpack.config.js

其中.gitignore用于说明代码提交时忽略的文件,可参考下面的常用配置

logs
*.log
.grunt
node_modules
bower_components
build

3. 通过npm安装项目所需的依赖包

  • webpack相关包
    $ npm install webpack webpack-dev-server html-webpack-plugin --save-dev
  • css\scss样式文件,图片文件相关包
    $ npm install css-loader style-loader sass-loader node-sass --save-dev
    $ npm install file-loader url-loader --save-dev
  • babel\react\es6支持包
    $ npm install babel-core babel-loader babel-preset-es2015 babel-preset-react --save-dev
    $ npm install jshint jshint-loader --save-dev
    $ npm install react react-dom --save
    $ npm install bootstrap@4.0.0-alpha.2 --save-dev
  • bootstrap\jquery\moment支持包
    $ npm install bootstrap@4.0.0-alpha.2 --save-dev
    $ npm install jquery moment --save-dev

4. 创建工程结构,目录如下:

  • app/
    • index.jsx (程序入口)
    • components/ (组件文件夹)
      • plist.jsx (展示用户列表)
      • search.jsx (搜索框组件)
    • utils/ (工具类)
  • templates (模版文件夹)
    • index.html
    • mobile.html
  • package.json (项目及npm包版本信息)
  • webpack.config.js (webpack配置文件)

5. 配置webpack

向webpack.config.js文件写入一下内容:

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');
var HtmlwebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');

var ROOT_PATH = path.resolve(__dirname);
var APP_PATH = path.resolve(ROOT_PATH, 'app');
var BUILD_PATH = path.resolve(ROOT_PATH, 'build');
var TEM_PATH = path.resolve(ROOT_PATH, 'templates');

module.exports= {
  entry: {
    app: path.resolve(APP_PATH, 'index.jsx'),
    mobile: path.resolve(APP_PATH, 'mobile.jsx'),
    vendors: ['jquery', 'moment']
  },
  output: {
    path: BUILD_PATH,
    filename: '[name].js'
  },
  resolve: {
    extensions: ['', '.js', '.jsx']
  },
  //启动dev source map,出错以后就会采用source-map的形式直接显示你出错代码的位置。
  devtool: 'eval-source-map',
  //enable dev server
  devServer: {
    historyApiFallback: true,
    hot: true,
    inline: true,
    progress: true,
    //只要配置dev server map这个参数就可以了
    proxy:{
      '/api/*':{
        target: 'http://localhost:8080',
        secure: false
      }
    }
  },
  //babel重要的loader在这里
  module: {
    //loader前执行处理,这样每次npm run start的时候就可以看到jshint的提示信息
    preLoaders: [
       {
         test: /\.jsx?$/,
         include: APP_PATH,
         loader: "jshint-loader"
       }
     ],
    loaders: [
      {
        test: /\.jsx?$/,
        loader: 'babel',
        include: APP_PATH,
        query: {
          //添加两个presents 使用这两种presets处理js或者jsx文件
          presets: ['es2015', 'react']
        }
      },
      {
        test: /\.scss$/,
        loaders: ['style', 'css', 'sass']
      }
    ]
  },
  //配置jshint的选项,支持es6的校验
   // any jshint option http://www.jshint.com/docs/options/
   jshint: {
     "esnext": true
   },
  plugins: [
    //这个使用uglifyJs压缩你的js代码
    new webpack.optimize.UglifyJsPlugin({minimize: true}),
    new HtmlwebpackPlugin({
      title: 'My first react app',
      template: path.resolve(TEM_PATH, 'index.html'),
      filename: 'index.html',
      chunks: ['app', 'vendors'],
      inject: 'body'
    }),
    new HtmlwebpackPlugin({
      title: 'Hello Mobile app',
      template: path.resolve(TEM_PATH, 'mobile.html'),
      filename: 'mobile.html'
    }),
    //把入口文件里面的数组打包成verdors.js
    new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin('vendors', 'vendors.js')
  ]
}

6.npm中添加webpack启动命令

在package.json文件中添加:

  ...
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "webpack-dev-server --progress --profile --colors --hot --inline",
    "build": "webpack --progress --profile --colors",
    "test": "test",
  },
  ...

分享下我通过npm安装的包版本信息

...
"devDependencies": {
    "babel-core": "^6.4.5",
    "babel-loader": "^6.2.1",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.3.13",
    "babel-preset-react": "^6.3.13",
    "bootstrap": "^4.0.0-alpha.2",
    "css-loader": "^0.23.1",
    "file-loader": "^0.8.5",
    "html-webpack-plugin": "^2.7.2",
    "jquery": "^2.2.0",
    "jshint": "^2.9.1",
    "jshint-loader": "^0.8.3",
    "moment": "^2.11.1",
    "node-sass": "^3.4.2",
    "sass-loader": "^3.1.2",
    "style-loader": "^0.13.0",
    "url-loader": "^0.5.7",
    "webpack": "^1.12.12",
    "webpack-dev-server": "^1.14.1"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "react": "^0.14.6",
    "react-dom": "^0.14.6"
  }
...

7. 添加首页

7.1 写入index.jsx

import '../node_modules/bootstrap/scss/bootstrap.scss';
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import $ from 'jquery';

class App extends React.Component{
    constructor() {
        super();
    }
    render() {
        //JSX here!
        return (
          
"container">
"jumbotron">

"jumbotron-heading">Search Github Users

) } }; const app = document.createElement('div'); $('body').append(app); ReactDOM.render(<App />, app);

7.2 运行webpack查看效果

npm run dev 如下所示说明Babel和Bootstrap正确使用了。


首页

4. 添加React Transform支持,实现热加载

  • 隆重推出Babel-plugin-react-transform 名字挺长, 看起来挺吓人,其实你就可以想象用这个东西可以实时的对你的React Component做各种处理,它是基于Babel Plugin。

  • 这是个基本的架子,可以通过它完成各种transform,如果想实现Hot Module Replacement (说白了就是页面不刷新,直接替换修改的Component),再安装react-transform-hmr。再来一个在页面上直接显示catch到的错误的transform。要让新建的两个transform生效,只需再安装一个present。

  • 安装
    npm install babel-plugin-react-transform --save-dev`
    npm install react-transform-hmr --save-dev
    npm install --save-dev react-transform-catch-errors redbox-react
    npm install babel-preset-react-hmre --save-dev
  • 将支持HMR和Catch Error的present添加到.babelrc
    {
    //添加两个presents 使用这两种presets处理js或者jsx文件
    presets: ['es2015', 'react'],
    //在开发的时候才启用HMR和Catch Error
    "env": {
       "development": {
         "presets": ["react-hmre"]
       }
    }
    }
  • 启动npm run dev,修改h3的颜色,可以看到效果如下

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