扣丁学堂Python培训分享Python图像处理之颜色的定义及使用

如今参加Python培训的小伙伴在不断的增加，Python开发语言也被公认为是最有发展潜力的编程语言，本篇文章小编给读者们分析那个一下Python图像处理之颜色的定义及使用，文中结合实例分析了matplotlib模块中颜色值的相关使用操作技巧，需要的小伙伴就随小编一起来了解一下吧。

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Python中的颜色相关的定义在matplotlib模块中，为方便使用，这里给大家展示一下在这个模块中都定义了哪些选颜色。

1、颜色名称的导出

导出代码如下：

import matplotlib

for name, hex in matplotlib.colors.cnames.iteritems():

print(name, hex)

导出结果如下：

names = {

'aliceblue':            '#F0F8FF',

'antiquewhite':         '#FAEBD7',

'aqua':                 '#00FFFF',

'aquamarine':           '#7FFFD4',

'azure':                '#F0FFFF',

'beige':                '#F5F5DC',

'bisque':               '#FFE4C4',

'black':                '#000000',

'blanchedalmond':       '#FFEBCD',

'blue':                 '#0000FF',

'blueviolet':           '#8A2BE2',

'brown':                '#A52A2A',

'burlywood':            '#DEB887',

'cadetblue':            '#5F9EA0',

'chartreuse':           '#7FFF00',

'chocolate':            '#D2691E',

'coral':                '#FF7F50',

'cornflowerblue':       '#6495ED',

'cornsilk':             '#FFF8DC',

'crimson':              '#DC143C',

'cyan':                 '#00FFFF',

'darkblue':             '#00008B',

'darkcyan':             '#008B8B',

'darkgoldenrod':        '#B8860B',

'darkgray':             '#A9A9A9',

'darkgreen':            '#006400',

'darkkhaki':            '#BDB76B',

'darkmagenta':          '#8B008B',

'darkolivegreen':       '#556B2F',

'darkorange':           '#FF8C00',

'darkorchid':           '#9932CC',

'darkred':              '#8B0000',

'darksalmon':           '#E9967A',

'darkseagreen':         '#8FBC8F',

'darkslateblue':        '#483D8B',

'darkslategray':        '#2F4F4F',

'darkturquoise':        '#00CED1',

'darkviolet':           '#9400D3',

'deeppink':             '#FF1493',

'deepskyblue':          '#00BFFF',

'dimgray':              '#696969',

'dodgerblue':           '#1E90FF',

'firebrick':            '#B22222',

'floralwhite':          '#FFFAF0',

'forestgreen':          '#228B22',

'fuchsia':              '#FF00FF',

'gainsboro':            '#DCDCDC',

'ghostwhite':           '#F8F8FF',

'gold':                 '#FFD700',

'goldenrod':            '#DAA520',

'gray':                 '#808080',

'green':                '#008000',

'greenyellow':          '#ADFF2F',

'honeydew':             '#F0FFF0',

'hotpink':              '#FF69B4',

'indianred':            '#CD5C5C',

'indigo':               '#4B0082',

'ivory':                '#FFFFF0',

'khaki':                '#F0E68C',

'lavender':             '#E6E6FA',

'lavenderblush':        '#FFF0F5',

'lawngreen':            '#7CFC00',

'lemonchiffon':         '#FFFACD',

'lightblue':            '#ADD8E6',

'lightcoral':           '#F08080',

'lightcyan':            '#E0FFFF',

'lightgoldenrodyellow': '#FAFAD2',

'lightgreen':           '#90EE90',

'lightgray':            '#D3D3D3',

'lightpink':            '#FFB6C1',

'lightsalmon':          '#FFA07A',

'lightseagreen':        '#20B2AA',

'lightskyblue':         '#87CEFA',

'lightslategray':       '#778899',

'lightsteelblue':       '#B0C4DE',

'lightyellow':          '#FFFFE0',

'lime':                 '#00FF00',

'limegreen':            '#32CD32',

'linen':                '#FAF0E6',

'magenta':              '#FF00FF',

'maroon':               '#800000',

'mediumaquamarine':     '#66CDAA',

'mediumblue':           '#0000CD',

'mediumorchid':         '#BA55D3',

'mediumpurple':         '#9370DB',

'mediumseagreen':       '#3CB371',

'mediumslateblue':      '#7B68EE',

'mediumspringgreen':    '#00FA9A',

'mediumturquoise':      '#48D1CC',

'mediumvioletred':      '#C71585',

'midnightblue':         '#191970',

'mintcream':            '#F5FFFA',

'mistyrose':            '#FFE4E1',

'moccasin':             '#FFE4B5',

'navajowhite':          '#FFDEAD',

'navy':                 '#000080',

'oldlace':              '#FDF5E6',

'olive':                '#808000',

'olivedrab':            '#6B8E23',

'orange':               '#FFA500',

'orangered':            '#FF4500',

'orchid':               '#DA70D6',

'palegoldenrod':        '#EEE8AA',

'palegreen':            '#98FB98',

'paleturquoise':        '#AFEEEE',

'palevioletred':        '#DB7093',

'papayawhip':           '#FFEFD5',

'peachpuff':            '#FFDAB9',

'peru':                 '#CD853F',

'pink':                 '#FFC0CB',

'plum':                 '#DDA0DD',

'powderblue':           '#B0E0E6',

'purple':               '#800080',

'red':                  '#FF0000',

'rosybrown':            '#BC8F8F',

'royalblue':            '#4169E1',

'saddlebrown':          '#8B4513',

'salmon':               '#FA8072',

'sandybrown':           '#FAA460',

'seagreen':             '#2E8B57',

'seashell':             '#FFF5EE',

'sienna':               '#A0522D',

'silver':               '#C0C0C0',

'skyblue':              '#87CEEB',

'slateblue':            '#6A5ACD',

'slategray':            '#708090',

'snow':                 '#FFFAFA',

'springgreen':          '#00FF7F',

'steelblue':            '#4682B4',

'tan':                  '#D2B48C',

'teal':                 '#008080',

'thistle':              '#D8BFD8',

'tomato':               '#FF6347',

'turquoise':            '#40E0D0',

'violet':               '#EE82EE',

'wheat':                '#F5DEB3',

'white':                '#FFFFFF',

'whitesmoke':           '#F5F5F5',

'yellow':               '#FFFF00',

'yellowgreen':          '#9ACD32'}

2、颜色图示

 

通过如下代码。可将上述颜色给逐个显示出来，代码如下：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib.patches as patches

import matplotlib.colors as colors

import math

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

ratio = 1.0 / 3.0

count = math.ceil(math.sqrt(len(colors.cnames)))

x_count = count * ratio

y_count = count / ratio

x = 0

y = 0

w = 1 / x_count

h = 1 / y_count

for c in colors.cnames:

  pos = (x / x_count, y / y_count)

  ax.add_patch(patches.Rectangle(pos, w, h, color=c))

  ax.annotate(c, xy=pos)

  if y >= y_count-1:

    x += 1

    y = 0

  else:

    y += 1

plt.show()

显示结果如下：

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