TWD遇到的问题及解决办法

1.TypeError at /admin/
问题呈现:当在浏览器输入127.0.0.1:8000/admin/时,出现如下错误提示:

TypeError at /admin/
argument to reversed() must be a sequence
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/
Django Version: 1.9.4
Exception Type: TypeError
Exception Value:    
argument to reversed() must be a sequence
Exception Location: /usr/local/var/pyenv/versions/2.7.11/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py in _populate, line 293
Python Executable:  /usr/local/var/pyenv/versions/2.7.11/bin/python2.7
Python Version: 2.7.11
Python Path:     ...
...

问题解决:经网上一番搜寻后,发现如下两个url配置的{}应该改成[],问题即可解决,如下所示:
#项目主目录文件夹/urls.py
urlpatterns = { #---->should be change to [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^rango/', include('rango.urls')),
} #---->should be change to ]

#rango/urls.py
urlpatterns = {  #---->should be change to [
    url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
    url(r'^about/', views.about, name='about'),
}  #---->should be change to ]

问题总结:在django开发中,url相关路径的设置最好用[]

2.Slug in catergories is causing me problems!
问题呈现:按照TWD的教程,学习到7.32节为Category表增加Slug字段时,运行python manage.py makemigrations rango后,出现如下问题:

⇒  python manage.py makemigrations      
You are trying to add a non-nullable field 'slug' to category without a default; we can't do that (the database needs something to populate existing rows).
Please select a fix:
 1) Provide a one-off default now (will be set on all existing rows)
 2) Quit, and let me add a default in models.py

问题解决:参考了https://github.com/leifos/tango_with_django/issues/19
的讨论,按照Charlotteis的方法即可解决问题,他的方法如下:
1. Revert the work you did to add slugs into URLS within the Category model.-->撤销将slug写入Category的操作。
2. Makemigration for rango with your reverted changes, then migrate.-->运行makemigratons和migrate两个命令。
3. runserver and go to the admin interface, delete all the categories which will also delete all pages.-->运行服务器程序,进入管理界面,删掉所有的Category和Page。
4. Redo the work to add slugs to the Category model--将slug重新写入Category。
5. Makemigration, then migrate.-->运行makemigrations和migrate两个命令。
6. Run the populate script.-->运行populate_rango的脚本程序。
问题思考:我猜想出错的原因可能是:对于数据库中已经存在的数据类,如果某字段的关键字uniqueTrue,则不能继续对该数据类添加其他字段关键字uniqueTrue的数据。

3.Pillow is not installed
按照教程,学习到9.3节增加用户属性时,仿照教程敲好代码后,运行python manage.py makemigrations,出现如下错误:

SystemCheckError: System check identified some issues:

ERRORS:
rango.UserProfile.picture: (fields.E210) Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.
        HINT: Get Pillow at https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow or run command "pip install Pillow".

其实我的mac电脑里之前已经装好了Pillow,但我还是按照提示pip install Pillow后,重新运行python manage.py makemigrations,仍然报出以上错误。之后我甚至pip uninstall Pillowpip install Pillow后,仍然解决不了问题。之后网上搜寻答案,找到了
stackoverflow(http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25662073/python-django-cannot-use-imagefield-because-pillow-is-not-installed?rq=1)
上面的回答,按照给出的答案尝试后,仍然解决不了问题。不过从第二个回答中找到灵感,在3.5版本和2.7.11版本的IDLE中输入from PIL import Images,发现3.5版本不报错,2.7.11版本(就是项目的django环境版本)报错,或许用3.5版本作为项目的环境版本就不会出现以上问题,这有待以后试验。
最后的解决办法,注释掉项目中会使用到Pillow的相关语句,如下所示:

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    website = models.URLField(blank=True)
    # picture = models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_images', blank=True) -->将此句注释掉,就它是引发Pillow错误的罪魁祸首。

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.user.username

希望此问题以后能根本解决。

4.模板标签的url传递
问题呈现:按照TWD的教程,学习到第10.4节,在index.html的将

  • {{ category.name }}
  • 中的href引用变成
  • {{ category.name }}
  • ,出现如下错误:

    NoReverseMatch at /rango/
    Reverse for 'category' with arguments '(u'',)' and keyword arguments '{}' not found. 1 pattern(s) tried: ['rango/category/(?P[\\w\\-]+)/$']
    

    问题解决:暂未找到解决办法,此步骤不要仿照教程做改变。

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