git使用错误记录及解决

agent refused operation Permission denied (publickey) Error

异常及解决方案

错误描述 sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed: agent refused operation
Permission denied (publickey)

当你在 Linux 电脑的终端下面通过 SSH 链接到 coding.net 或 github.com 时，你或许会看到如下代码:

sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed: agent refused operation 
Permission denied (publickey).

此时我们可以执行如下命令:

ssh -T [email protected]

或者：

ssh -vT [email protected]

我们或许将看到

OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.1, OpenSSL 1.0.2g  1 Mar 2016
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to git.coding.net [124.116.152.172] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
......
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ssh-rsa      
SHA256:jok3FH7q5LJ6qvE7iPNehBgXRw51ErE77S0Dn+Vg/Ik
debug1: Host 'git.coding.net' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/chen/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: rekey after 4294967296 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: rekey after 4294967296 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/chen/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 279
sign_and_send_pubkey: signing failed: agent refused operation
debug1: Trying private key: /home/chen/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/chen/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/chen/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
Permission denied (publickey).

解决办法通过 ssh-add

eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

我们会看到：

Agent pid 25534 

执行下面代码：

ssh-add

显示如下即成功：

Identity added: /home/chen/.ssh/id_rsa (/home/chen/.ssh/id_rsa)

如果你是多个公钥管理，你只需添加相应的文件，比如我在 bitbucket.org 下的公钥为 /home/chen/.ssh/bitbucket.id_rsa.pub 操作如下：

ssh-add /home/chen/.ssh/bitbucket.id_rsa.pub

---

ssh-add 命令详细介绍

语法

ssh-add [-cDdLlXx] [-t life] [file ...]

ssh-add -s pkcs11 

ssh-add -e pkcs11

参数说明

-D ：删除ssh-agent中的所有密钥;

-d ：从ssh-agent中的删除密钥;

-e : pkcs11 ：删除 PKCS#11 共享库 pkcs1 提供的钥匙;

-s : pkcs11 ：添加 PKCS#11 共享库 pkcs1 提供的钥匙;

-L ：显示 ssh-agent 中的公钥;

-l ：显示 ssh-agent 中的密钥;

-t : life：对加载的密钥设置超时时间，超时 ssh-agent 将自动卸载密钥;

-X ：对 ssh-agent 进行解锁;

-x ：对 ssh-agent 进行加锁;

示例

把专用密钥添加到 ssh-agent 的高速缓存中

ssh-add /home/chen/.ssh/id_rsa

从ssh-agent中删除密钥

ssh-add -d /home/chen/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

查看ssh-agent中的密钥

ssh-add -l

fatal: refusing to merge unrelated histories

解决如下代码

git pull github master --allow-unrelated-histories

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