gdb 打印抽象数据类型，例如 map vector 等类型

GDB的自定义命令非常有用，通过自定义命令，直接操作容器中的数据，可以方便的查看STL容器中的数据。

这个链接dbinit_stl_views是Dan C Marinescu写的查看STL容器的自定义命令（如果不适合你的STL版本的话，可以自行修改）。把它添加到你的.gdbinit中，就可以方便的查看STL容器了。它提供了查看vector，list，map，multimap，set，multiset，deque，stack，queue，priority_queue，bitset，string，widestring等对象的方法，非常好用！

1. 下载 http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/src/dbinit_stl_views-1.03.txt

2. #cat dbinit_stl_views-1.03.txt >> ~/.gdbinit

3. 若正处于gdb中，运行命令:

(gdb) source ~/.gdbinit

4. 例如，如下代码：

bugging.cpp

 #include
 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {
 vector<int> vec;
 vec.push_back(2);
 vec.push_back(3);
 vec.push_back(4);
 return 0;
 }

编译：

 #g++ -o bugging -g bugging.cpp

gdb调试：.

 # gdb bugging
 GNU gdb 6.8
 Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later //gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>

 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
 There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
 and "show warranty" for details.
 This GDB was configured as "i486-slackware-linux"...
 (gdb) help pvector
 Prints std::vector information.
 Syntax: pvector
 Note: idx, idx1 and idx2 must be in acceptable range [0...size()-1].
 Examples:
 pvector v - Prints vector content, size, capacity and T typedef
 pvector v 0 - Prints element[idx] from vector
 pvector v 1 2 - Prints elements in range [idx1..idx2] from vector
 (gdb) break main
 Breakpoint 1 at 0x80485c6: file bugging.cpp, line 6.
 (gdb) run
 Starting program: /root/learn/c++/bugging

 Breakpoint 1, main () at bugging.cpp:6
 6 vector<int> vec;
 (gdb) n
 7 vec.push_back(2);
 (gdb)
 8 vec.push_back(3);
 (gdb) pvector
 Prints std::vector information.
 Syntax: pvector
 Note: idx, idx1 and idx2 must be in acceptable range [0...size()-1].
 Examples:
 pvector v - Prints vector content, size, capacity and T typedef
 pvector v 0 - Prints element[idx] from vector
 pvector v 1 2 - Prints elements in range [idx1..idx2] from vector
 (gdb) pvector vec
 elem[0]: $1 = 2
 Vector size = 1
 Vector capacity = 1
 Element type = int *
 (gdb) n
 9 vec.push_back(4);
 (gdb)
 10 return 0;
 (gdb) pvector vec
 elem[0]: $2 = 2
 elem[1]: $3 = 3
 elem[2]: $4 = 4
 Vector size = 3
 Vector capacity = 4
 Element type = int *
 (gdb)

5. 默认情况下gdb不能用[]查看stl容器的数据元素，提示如下错误：

 "font-size:16px;">(gdb) print vec[0]
 One of the arguments you tried to pass to operator[] could not be converted to what the function wants.

一些常用内置的命令

Data type   GDB command   
std::vector    pvector stl_variable   
std::list  plist stl_variable T   
std::map pmap stl_variable   
std::multimap    pmap stl_variable   
std::set   pset stl_variable T   
std::multiset  pset stl_variable   
std::deque pdequeue stl_variable   
std::stack pstack stl_variable   
std::queue pqueue stl_variable   
std::priority_queue    ppqueue stl_variable   
std::bitsettd>  pbitset stl_variable   
std::string pstring stl_variable   

std::widestring pwstring stl_variable 

dbinit_stl_views-1.03.txt   下载地址 ：http://download.csdn.net/detail/dearwind153/9562875

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/blade2001/article/details/5290329