Chart.js 與 ASP.NET MVC 整合應用

Chart.js 是一套開放原始碼的「圖表」繪製函式庫,和其他第三方的圖表工具相比,Chart.js 的特色如下:

  • 支援 HTML 5、響應式網頁 (RWD, Responsive Web Design)
  • 可免費使用,且可作為商業用途
  • 開放原始碼 (GitHub)
  • 可用 JavaScript 操作及開發
  • 可與 JSON 格式整合,因此能與 ASP.NET MVC、ASP.NET WebAPI、AJAX 技術作整合,便於資料傳遞

Chart.js 與 ASP.NET MVC 整合應用_第1张图片

圖 1 本文範例的執行畫面 (.html、.cshtml)

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本文的 ASP.NET MVC 範例下載:
https://files.cnblogs.com/files/WizardWu/190101.zip
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Chart.js 官方網站:
https://www.chartjs.org/

Chart.js 使用方式:
Visual Studio 中的引用方式,用 NuGet 安裝 Chart.js,並在頁面中引用 Chart.min.js。

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以下的範例 1,以單純的 .html 來測試 Chart.js (不使用 .NET / C#)。資料來源,是寫死在頁面裡的 JavaScript。

 1 DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html>
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="utf-8" />
 5     <title>title>
 6     
 7     <script src="../Scripts/Chart.min.js">script>
 8 head>
 9 <body>
10     <canvas id="myChart">canvas>
11 
12     <script>
13         var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart");
14         var chart = new Chart(ctx, {
15             type: "line",
16             data: {
17                 labels: ['1月', '2月', '3月', '4月', '5月', '6月'],
18                 datasets: [{
19                     label: "台北",
20                     fill: false,
21                     backgroundColor: 'rgba(255,165,0,0.3)',
22                     borderColor: 'rgb(255,135,20)',
23                     pointStyle: "circle",
24                     pointBackgroundColor: 'rgb(0,222,0)',
25                     pointRadius: 5,
26                     pointHoverRadius: 10,
27                     data: [13.1, 10.2, 13.5, 20.9, 25.2, 27.1, 31.8]
28                 }, {
29                     label: "高雄",
30                     fill: false,
31                     backgroundColor: 'rgba(0,255,255,0.3)',
32                     borderColor: 'rgb(0,225,255)',
33                     pointStyle: "triangle",
34                     pointBackgroundColor: 'blue',
35                     pointRadius: 5,
36                     pointHoverRadius: 10,
37                         data: [29.1, 28.3, 22.6, 25.4, 27.5, 23.4]
38 
39                 }, {
40                     label: "越南",
41                     fill: false,
42                     backgroundColor: 'rgba(153,50,204,0.3)',
43                     borderColor: 'rgb(123,55,190)',
44                     pointStyle: "rect",
45                     pointBackgroundColor: 'rgb(220,20,60)',
46                     pointRadius: 5,
47                     pointHoverRadius: 10,
48                         data: [16.6, 17.3, 19.2, 23.8, 12.0, 17.6]
49 
50                 }]
51             },
52             options: {
53                 responsive: true,
54                 title: {
55                     display: true,
56                     fontSize: 26,
57                     text: '2019 年各分公司 1 - 6 月份營業額'
58                 },
59                 tooltips: {
60                     mode: 'point',
61                     intersect: true,
62                 },
63                 hover: {
64                     mode: 'nearest',
65                     intersect: true
66                 },
67                 scales: {
68                     xAxes: [{
69                         display: true,
70                         scaleLabel: {
71                             display: true,
72                             labelString: '月份',
73                             fontSize: 15
74                         },
75                         ticks: {
76                             fontSize: 15
77                         }
78                     }],
79                     yAxes: [{
80                         display: true,
81                         scaleLabel: {
82                             display: true,
83                             labelString: '百萬(美元)',
84                             fontSize: 15
85                         },
86                         ticks: {
87                             fontSize: 15
88                         }
89                     }]
90                 },
91                 animation: {
92                     duration: 2000
93                 }
94             }
95         });
96     script>
97 body>
98 html>
\htmlPages\LineChart.html

 

以下的範例 2,使用 ASP.NET MVC 來測試 Chart.js。

資料來源,取自 Controller 層 (C# Collection 轉成 JSON 格式)。亦可改成取自 WebAPI 或資料庫。

 

 1 using System.Web.Mvc;
 2 using ChartJS.Models;
 3 using Newtonsoft.Json;
 4 using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
 5 
 6 namespace ChartJS.Controllers
 7 {
 8     public class BranchController : Controller
 9     {
10         // GET: Branch
11         public ActionResult Index()
12         {
13             return View();
14         }
15 
16         public ActionResult getBusinessJsonData()
17         {
18             string[] arrMonth = { "1月", "2月", "3月", "4月", "5月", "6月" };
19 
20             //C# convert JSON string
21             string jsonMonth = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(arrMonth);
22             ViewBag.JsonMonth = jsonMonth;
23 
24             List branchs = new List
25             {
26                 new Branch
27                 {
28                     City="台北",
29                     Business = new double[] { 13.1, 10.2, 13.5, 20.9, 25.2, 27.1, 31.8 }
30                 },
31                 new Branch{
32                     City="高雄",
33                     Business = new double[] { 29.1, 28.3, 22.6, 25.4, 27.5, 23.4 }
34 
35                 },
36                 new Branch{
37                     City="越南",
38                     Business = new double[] { 16.6, 17.3, 19.2, 23.8, 12.0, 17.6 }
39                 }
40             };
41 
42             //C# convert JSON string
43             string jsonBusiness = Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(branchs);
44             ViewBag.JsonBusiness = jsonBusiness;
45 
46             //回傳 JSON 格式,讓各種 client 裝置,以 AJAX 方式呼叫的 API
47             //return Json(branchs, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
48 
49             return View(branchs);
50         }
51     }
52 }
\Controllers\BranchController.cs

 

  1 @model IEnumerable<ChartJS.Models.Branch>
  2 
  3 @{
  4     ViewBag.Title = "Chart.js 範例";
  5 }
  6 @*<h2>Indexh2>*@
  7 
  8 <script src="../Scripts/Chart.min.js">script>
  9 
 10 <canvas id="myChart">canvas>
 11 
 12 <table>
 13     
 14     @*@{ var js = new System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer(); }
 15 
 16     @foreach (var m in Model)
 17     {
 18         <tr>
 19             <td>@Html.DisplayFor(x => m.City)td>
 20             <td>@js.Serialize(m.Business)td>
 21         tr>
 22     }*@
 23 table>
 24 
 25 <script>
 26     //將 JSON 資料,指派給 JavaScript array
 27     //月份 (1月~6月)
 28     var jsMonth = @Html.Raw(ViewBag.JsonMonth);
 29 
 30     //三個城市的 City、Business
 31     var jsBusiness = @Html.Raw(ViewBag.JsonBusiness);
 32 
 33     var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart");
 34     var chart = new Chart(ctx, {
 35         type: "line",
 36         data: {
 37             //labels: ['1月', '2月', '3月', '4月', '5月', '6月'],
 38             labels: jsMonth,
 39             datasets: [{
 40                 //label: "台北",
 41                 label: jsBusiness[0].City,
 42                 fill: false,
 43                 backgroundColor: 'rgba(255,165,0,0.3)',
 44                 borderColor: 'rgb(255,135,20)',
 45                 pointStyle: "circle",
 46                 pointBackgroundColor: 'rgb(0,222,0)',
 47                 pointRadius: 5,
 48                 pointHoverRadius: 10,
 49                 data: jsBusiness[0].Business
 50                 //data: [13.1, 10.2, 13.5, 20.9, 25.2, 27.1, 31.8]
 51             }, {
 52                 //label: "高雄",
 53                 label: jsBusiness[1].City,
 54                 fill: false,
 55                 backgroundColor: 'rgba(0,255,255,0.3)',
 56                 borderColor: 'rgb(0,225,255)',
 57                 pointStyle: "triangle",
 58                 pointBackgroundColor: 'blue',
 59                 pointRadius: 5,
 60                 pointHoverRadius: 10,
 61                 data: jsBusiness[1].Business
 62                 //data: [29.1, 28.3, 22.6, 25.4, 27.5, 23.4]
 63                 }, {
 64                 //label: "越南",
 65                 label: jsBusiness[2].City,
 66                 fill: false,
 67                 backgroundColor: 'rgba(153,50,204,0.3)',
 68                 borderColor: 'rgb(123,55,190)',
 69                 pointStyle: "rect",
 70                 pointBackgroundColor: 'rgb(220,20,60)',
 71                 pointRadius: 5,
 72                 pointHoverRadius: 10,
 73                 data: jsBusiness[2].Business
 74                 //data: [16.6, 17.3, 19.2, 23.8, 12.0, 17.6]
 75             }]
 76         },
 77         options: {
 78             responsive: true,
 79             title: {
 80                 display: true,
 81                 fontSize: 26,
 82                 text: '2019 年各分公司 1 - 6 月份營業額'
 83             },
 84             tooltips: {
 85                 mode: 'point',
 86                 intersect: true,
 87             },
 88             hover: {
 89                 mode: 'nearest',
 90                 intersect: true
 91             },
 92             scales: {
 93                 xAxes: [{
 94                     display: true,
 95                     scaleLabel: {
 96                         display: true,
 97                         labelString: '月份',
 98                         fontSize: 15
 99                     },
100                     ticks: {
101                         fontSize: 15
102                     }
103                 }],
104                 yAxes: [{
105                     display: true,
106                     scaleLabel: {
107                         display: true,
108                         labelString: '百萬(美元)',
109                         fontSize: 15
110                     },
111                     ticks: {
112                         fontSize: 15
113                     }
114                 }]
115             },
116             animation: {
117                 duration: 2000
118             }
119         }
120     });
121 script>
\Views\Branch\getBusinessJsonData.cshtml

 

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參考資料:

[1] Chart.js 官方網站
https://www.chartjs.org/samples/latest/
https://www.chartjs.org/docs/latest/

[2] ASP.NET Web API (msdn)
https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-tw/aspnet/web-api/

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參考書籍:

[1] 網頁程式設計 ASP.NET MVC 5.x 範例完美演繹 (繁體書籍), Ch 5、Ch 6, 作者:奚江華
https://www.tenlong.com.tw/products/9789864769292?list_name=srh

[2] 跟著實務學習 ASP.NET MVC (繁體書籍), 作者:蔡文龍、蔡捷雲、歐志信、曾芷琳、萬鴻曜
https://www.tenlong.com.tw/products/9789864766918?list_name=srh

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