课题内容： 双点双向重分布中的一个疑难故障
知识点： OSPF转发地址对自治系统外部路由的影响
拓扑：
按图配置IP地址 （配置省略）
配置动态路由协议
其中R3的环回口 10.1.1.3/32宣告进入EIGRP 90
R3(config)#router eigrp 90
R3(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0
R1(config)#router eigrp 90
R1(config-router)#network 10.1.134.0 0.0.0.255
R4(config)#router eigrp 90
R4(config-router)#network 10.1.134.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config)#interface s1/0
R1(config-if)#ip ospf 110 area 0
R1(config)#interface e0/2 //注意，这里由于操作失误，将自治系统外部的接口宣告进入了OSPF //
R1(config-if)#ip ospf 110 area 0
R4(config)#interface s1/1
R4(config-if)#ip ospf 110 area 0
R2(config)#interface s1/0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf 110 area 0
R2(config-if)#interface s1/1
R2(config-if)#ip ospf 110 area 0
R2(config)#interface loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip ospf 110 area 0
执行双点双向重分布
R1、R4
router eigrp 90
redistribute ospf 110 metric 1544 2000 255 1 1500
router ospf 110
redistribute eigrp 90 subnets
验证效果：
R3#show ip route eigrp | begin Gateway
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 3 masks
D EX 10.1.1.2/32 [170/2195456] via 10.1.134.4, 00:00:25, Ethernet0/2
[170/2195456] via 10.1.134.1, 00:00:25, Ethernet0/2
R2#show ip route ospf | begin Gateway
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
O E2 10.1.1.3/32 [110/20] via 10.1.24.1, 00:00:51, Serial1/1
O 10.1.134.0/24 [110/74] via 10.1.12.1, 00:03:27, Serial1/0
R3上的EIGRP路由表中，往R2环回口的路由出现了负载均衡，显然是管理员意向中的；
但是R2的OSPF路由表中，去往EIGRP自治系统的路由，却不是负载均衡的；
通常的故障排查思路如下：
R2#show ip ospf neighbor //检查邻居是否正常
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
10.1.1.4 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 10.1.24.1 Serial1/1
10.1.1.1 0 FULL/ - 00:00:37 10.1.12.1 Serial1/0
R2#show ip ospf database //检查链路状态数据库
OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.2) (Process ID 110)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.1.1.1 10.1.1.1 312 0x80000004 0x003F60 3
10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 363 0x80000003 0x007DBB 5
10.1.1.4 10.1.1.4 283 0x80000003 0x00B07D 2
Type-5 AS External Link States
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
10.1.1.3 10.1.1.1 312 0x80000001 0x003AB5 0
10.1.1.3 10.1.1.4 282 0x80000001 0x00AED2 0
10.1.134.0 10.1.1.4 282 0x80000001 0x0010EE 0
五类LSA的位置出现了蹊跷，关于 10.1.134.0的外部前缀，本应该由R1和R4都产生，但是现在R1却没有产生，去检查R1的情况
R1#show ip ospf database external self-originate
OSPF Router with ID (10.1.1.1) (Process ID 110)
Type-5 AS External Link States
LS age: 492
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 10.1.1.3 (External Network Number )
Advertising Router: 10.1.1.1
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0x3AB5
Length: 36
Network Mask: /32
Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
MTID: 0
Metric: 20
Forward Address: 10.1.134.3
External Route Tag: 0
//R1仅仅产生了一条五类LSA，并且携带了转发地址 10.1.134.3 //
根据OSPF外部路由转发地址规则，做如下检查：
R1#show ip ospf interface brief
Interface PID Area IP Address/Mask Cost State Nbrs F/C
Et0/2 110 0 10.1.134.1/24 10 DR 0/0
Se1/0 110 0 10.1.12.1/30 64 P2P 1/1
// 果然，R1的 e0/2 接口被宣告进入了OSPF //
R1#show ip ospf interface e0/2
Ethernet0/2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 10.1.134.1/24, Area 0, Attached via Interface Enable
Process ID 110, Router ID 10.1.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10
// 检查显示，该接口通过接口下命令使能了OSPF （当然，现网中，这种情况更多的会出现在通配符掩码计算错误的场景中）//
排除故障：
R1(config)#interface e0/2
R1(config-if)#no ip ospf 110 area 0
R2#show ip route ospf | begin Gateway
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
O E2 10.1.1.3/32 [110/20] via 10.1.24.1, 00:17:20, Serial1/1
[110/20] via 10.1.12.1, 00:00:21, Serial1/0
O E2 10.1.134.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.24.1, 00:00:21, Serial1/1
[110/20] via 10.1.12.1, 00:00:21, Serial1/0
问题解决。
感谢大家，我是达叔。