学习 Spring 核心是一件比较耗费精力的过程,代码太多,代码的层次也比较深。每次我都是在上午看代码,把一天中精力比较集中的时间段留给了他。在【Spring IOC -依赖注入(概述 getBean)】一文中,我们了解了 Spring 依赖注入的大概过程。本次我们要着重说明一下依赖注入中的 Bean 实例化,以及自动注入的实现方式。
1. 本次分享需要解决的几个问题
不得不说的 BeanWrapper
实例化的经过的各层传递
常用的自动注入如何实现
2. 不得不说的 BeanWrapper
BeanWrapper 是 Spring 框架中十分重要的技术支持组件。他的实现类大概有1千多行代码,很长,但是功能也是比较内聚的。BeanWrapper 的主要作用是把所有的 Bean 的属性都可以集中处理。这种集中处理的机制来自于 Java 的反射。通过 Java 的反射,可以把 Bean 的属性抽取出来,然后在通过反射的方式进行赋值。这种方式使 Spring 可以用同一种方式来处理 Bean 的属性。
2.1 BeanWrapper 的实现类图
上图中可以发现默认实现 BeanWrapper 的实现类 BeanWrapperImpl 通过继承 AbstractPropertyAccessor 来增强其属性的赋值功能。这个过程中你可以定义自己的类型处理器。在org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors包下面是 Spring 扩展自己定义的类型处理器,如果需要可以扩展自己处理器注册到容器中。这些不是这次讨论的主题,就不详细说明了。
/**
* Create new BeanWrapperImpl for the given object,
* registering a nested path that the object is in.
* @param object object wrapped by this BeanWrapper
* @param nestedPath the nested path of the object
* @param rootObject the root object at the top of the path
*/
public BeanWrapperImpl(Object object, String nestedPath, Object rootObject) {
registerDefaultEditors();
setWrappedInstance(object, nestedPath, rootObject);
}
/**
* Create new BeanWrapperImpl for the given object,
* registering a nested path that the object is in.
* @param object object wrapped by this BeanWrapper
* @param nestedPath the nested path of the object
* @param superBw the containing BeanWrapper (must not be null)
*/
private BeanWrapperImpl(Object object, String nestedPath, BeanWrapperImpl superBw) {
setWrappedInstance(object, nestedPath, superBw.getWrappedInstance());
setExtractOldValueForEditor(superBw.isExtractOldValueForEditor());
setAutoGrowNestedPaths(superBw.isAutoGrowNestedPaths());
setAutoGrowCollectionLimit(superBw.getAutoGrowCollectionLimit());
setConversionService(superBw.getConversionService());
setSecurityContext(superBw.acc);
}
/**
* Switch the target object, replacing the cached introspection results only
* if the class of the new object is different to that of the replaced object.
* @param object the new target object
* @param nestedPath the nested path of the object
* @param rootObject the root object at the top of the path
*/
public void setWrappedInstance(Object object, String nestedPath, Object rootObject) {
Assert.notNull(object, "Bean object must not be null");
this.object = object;
this.nestedPath = (nestedPath != null ? nestedPath : "");
this.rootObject = (!"".equals(this.nestedPath) ? rootObject : object);
this.nestedBeanWrappers = null;
this.typeConverterDelegate = new TypeConverterDelegate(this, object);
setIntrospectionClass(object.getClass());
}
@Override
public Object getPropertyValue(String propertyName) throws BeansException {
// 获取 propertyName 对应的 BeanWrapper 实例。如果包含嵌套,获取最后一层嵌套的 BeanWrapper 实例
BeanWrapperImpl nestedBw = getBeanWrapperForPropertyPath(propertyName);
// 构建访问属性的 property 属性名称的标识
PropertyTokenHolder tokens = getPropertyNameTokens(getFinalPath(nestedBw, propertyName));
// 执行获取属性值
return nestedBw.getPropertyValue(tokens);
}
private Object getPropertyValue(PropertyTokenHolder tokens) throws BeansException {
String propertyName = tokens.canonicalName;
String actualName = tokens.actualName;
// 获取对应的属性描述定义
PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);
// 如果无法获取getter方法,直接异常
if (pd == null || pd.getReadMethod() == null) {
throw new NotReadablePropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName);
}
final Method readMethod = pd.getReadMethod();
try {
// 如果 getter 访问不是 pulbic 类型,并且不是可以获取的,设置成可以访问
if (!Modifier.isPublic(readMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) && !readMethod.isAccessible()) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() {
public Object run() {
readMethod.setAccessible(true);
return null;
}
});
}
else {
readMethod.setAccessible(true);
}
}
// 通过 getter 方法获取对应的属性值
Object value;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
try {
value = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction() {
public Object run() throws Exception {
return readMethod.invoke(object, (Object[]) null);
}
}, acc);
}
catch (PrivilegedActionException pae) {
throw pae.getException();
}
}
else {
value = readMethod.invoke(object, (Object[]) null);
}
// 如果需要获取具体集合中某项值,指定了keys
if (tokens.keys != null) {
if (value == null) {
// 如果设置了自动生成嵌套的值属性,设置默认值
if (this.autoGrowNestedPaths) {
value = setDefaultValue(tokens.actualName);
}
else {
throw new NullValueInNestedPathException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Cannot access indexed value of property referenced in indexed " +
"property path '" + propertyName + "': returned null");
}
}
String indexedPropertyName = tokens.actualName;
// apply indexes and map keys
for (int i = 0; i < tokens.keys.length; i++) {
String key = tokens.keys[i];
// 如果属性值为 null,抛出异常
if (value == null) {
throw new NullValueInNestedPathException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Cannot access indexed value of property referenced in indexed " +
"property path '" + propertyName + "': returned null");
}
// 如果对应的属性是数组类型
else if (value.getClass().isArray()) {
int index = Integer.parseInt(key);
value = growArrayIfNecessary(value, index, indexedPropertyName);
value = Array.get(value, index);
}
// 如果对应的属性是List类型
else if (value instanceof List) {
int index = Integer.parseInt(key);
List list = (List) value;
growCollectionIfNecessary(list, index, indexedPropertyName, pd, i + 1);
value = list.get(index);
}
// 如果对应的属性是Set类型
else if (value instanceof Set) {
// Apply index to Iterator in case of a Set.
Set set = (Set) value;
int index = Integer.parseInt(key);
if (index < 0 || index >= set.size()) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Cannot get element with index " + index + " from Set of size " +
set.size() + ", accessed using property path '" + propertyName + "'");
}
Iterator it = set.iterator();
for (int j = 0; it.hasNext(); j++) {
Object elem = it.next();
if (j == index) {
value = elem;
break;
}
}
}
// 如果对应的属性是Map类型
else if (value instanceof Map) {
Map map = (Map) value;
Class> mapKeyType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getMapKeyReturnType(pd.getReadMethod(), i + 1);
// IMPORTANT: Do not pass full property name in here - property editors
// must not kick in for map keys but rather only for map values.
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = mapKeyType != null ? TypeDescriptor.valueOf(mapKeyType) : TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Object.class);
Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, key, mapKeyType, typeDescriptor);
value = map.get(convertedMapKey);
}
// 其他情况,不是集合类型,不支持,抛出异常
else {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Property referenced in indexed property path '" + propertyName +
"' is neither an array nor a List nor a Set nor a Map; returned value was [" + value + "]");
}
indexedPropertyName += PROPERTY_KEY_PREFIX + key + PROPERTY_KEY_SUFFIX;
}
}
return value;
}
catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Index of out of bounds in property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);
}
catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Invalid index in property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Invalid index in property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);
}
catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Getter for property '" + actualName + "' threw exception", ex);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
"Illegal attempt to get property '" + actualName + "' threw exception", ex);
}
}
通过上面的代码分析,我们了解了 BeanWrapper 是如何获取属性值以及设置属性值的。同时 BeanWrapperImpl 通过定义嵌套路径来解析我们真正的需要的属性,并且智能的来判断我们意图。值得一提的是,对比设置方法和获取方法,我们会发现在设置方法中其并没有对 Set 进行处理,但是我可以通过 Set[index] 来获取对应的值。这是因为 Set 是要去重的,在设置的时候无法判断他的索引位置,但是在获取的时候可以通过遍历来获取对应 index 的值。
/**
* Convert the value to the specified required type.
* @param newValue the proposed new value
* @param requiredType the type we must convert to
* (or null if not known, for example in case of a collection element)
* @param methodParam the method parameter that is the target of the conversion
* (may be null)
* @return the new value, possibly the result of type conversion
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if type conversion failed
*/
public T convertIfNecessary(Object newValue, Class requiredType, MethodParameter methodParam)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
return convertIfNecessary(null, null, newValue, requiredType,
(methodParam != null ? new TypeDescriptor(methodParam) : TypeDescriptor.valueOf(requiredType)));
}
/**
* Convert the value to the required type for the specified property.
* @param propertyName name of the property
* @param oldValue the previous value, if available (may be null)
* @param newValue the proposed new value
* @param requiredType the type we must convert to
* (or null if not known, for example in case of a collection element)
* @return the new value, possibly the result of type conversion
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if type conversion failed
*/
public T convertIfNecessary(
String propertyName, Object oldValue, Object newValue, Class requiredType)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
return convertIfNecessary(propertyName, oldValue, newValue, requiredType, TypeDescriptor.valueOf(requiredType));
}
/**
* Convert the value to the required type (if necessary from a String),
* for the specified property.
* @param propertyName name of the property
* @param oldValue the previous value, if available (may be null)
* @param newValue the proposed new value
* @param requiredType the type we must convert to
* (or null if not known, for example in case of a collection element)
* @param typeDescriptor the descriptor for the target property or field
* @return the new value, possibly the result of type conversion
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if type conversion failed
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public T convertIfNecessary(String propertyName, Object oldValue, Object newValue,
Class requiredType, TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor) throws IllegalArgumentException {
Object convertedValue = newValue;
// Custom editor for this type?
// 查找匹配的 PropertyEditor
PropertyEditor editor = this.propertyEditorRegistry.findCustomEditor(requiredType, propertyName);
ConversionFailedException firstAttemptEx = null;
// No custom editor but custom ConversionService specified?
// 如果没有自定义的 PropertyEditor,但是定义了转换服务(conversionService)
ConversionService conversionService = this.propertyEditorRegistry.getConversionService();
if (editor == null && conversionService != null && convertedValue != null && typeDescriptor != null) {
TypeDescriptor sourceTypeDesc = TypeDescriptor.forObject(newValue);
TypeDescriptor targetTypeDesc = typeDescriptor;
if (conversionService.canConvert(sourceTypeDesc, targetTypeDesc)) {
try {
return (T) conversionService.convert(convertedValue, sourceTypeDesc, targetTypeDesc);
}
// 如果无法转换成功,走下面的默认处理逻辑
catch (ConversionFailedException ex) {
// fallback to default conversion logic below
firstAttemptEx = ex;
}
}
}
// Value not of required type?
// 如果找到了 PropertyEditor,或者提供转换的新值不是指定的转换类型
if (editor != null || (requiredType != null && !ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(requiredType, convertedValue))) {
// 如果目标类型是集合类型,并且对应的值是 string 类型
if (requiredType != null && Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType) && convertedValue instanceof String) {
TypeDescriptor elementType = typeDescriptor.getElementTypeDescriptor();
// 处理枚举类型集合
if (elementType != null && Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(elementType.getType())) {
convertedValue = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) convertedValue);
}
}
// 如果对应自定义的 PropertyEditer,使用默认的 PropertyEditor
if (editor == null) {
editor = findDefaultEditor(requiredType, typeDescriptor);
}
// 执行类型转换,获取转换后的值
convertedValue = doConvertValue(oldValue, convertedValue, requiredType, editor);
}
// 如果定义了需要转换的类型
if (requiredType != null) {
// Try to apply some standard type conversion rules if appropriate.
// 如果标准的的转换规则存在,尝试去适配标准的转换器
// 如果通过上面的转换(有自定义的转换或者需要转换的的值不是目标类型)能够得到转换后的值
if (convertedValue != null) {
// 如果是数组,通过数组转换返回
// 如果对应的值是 spring,指定的转换数组的内部类型是枚举,用逗号分隔值
if (requiredType.isArray()) {
// Array required -> apply appropriate conversion of elements.
if (convertedValue instanceof String && Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(requiredType.getComponentType())) {
convertedValue = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) convertedValue);
}
return (T) convertToTypedArray(convertedValue, propertyName, requiredType.getComponentType());
}
// 如果对应的转换值是集合类型,通过集合转换
else if (convertedValue instanceof Collection) {
// Convert elements to target type, if determined.
convertedValue = convertToTypedCollection(
(Collection) convertedValue, propertyName, requiredType, typeDescriptor);
}
// 如果对应的转换值是Map类型,通过Map转换器转换
else if (convertedValue instanceof Map) {
// Convert keys and values to respective target type, if determined.
convertedValue = convertToTypedMap(
(Map) convertedValue, propertyName, requiredType, typeDescriptor);
}
// 如果对应的转换类型不是数组类型,对应的值是数组类型,取第一个值作为转换值
if (convertedValue.getClass().isArray() && Array.getLength(convertedValue) == 1) {
convertedValue = Array.get(convertedValue, 0);
}
// 如果对应转换类型是String类型,转化值是标准内部类型,直接转换为string返回
if (String.class.equals(requiredType) && ClassUtils.isPrimitiveOrWrapper(convertedValue.getClass())) {
// We can stringify any primitive value...
return (T) convertedValue.toString();
}
// 处理枚举类型,值是枚举对应的名称
else if (convertedValue instanceof String && !requiredType.isInstance(convertedValue)) {
if (!requiredType.isInterface() && !requiredType.isEnum()) {
try {
Constructor strCtor = requiredType.getConstructor(String.class);
return (T) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(strCtor, convertedValue);
}
catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
// proceed with field lookup
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("No String constructor found on type [" + requiredType.getName() + "]", ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Construction via String failed for type [" + requiredType.getName() + "]", ex);
}
}
}
String trimmedValue = ((String) convertedValue).trim();
if (requiredType.isEnum() && "".equals(trimmedValue)) {
// It's an empty enum identifier: reset the enum value to null.
return null;
}
convertedValue = attemptToConvertStringToEnum(requiredType, trimmedValue, convertedValue);
}
}
// 如果转换后的值不是指定的转换类型,异常
if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(requiredType, convertedValue)) {
if (firstAttemptEx != null) {
throw firstAttemptEx;
}
// Definitely doesn't match: throw IllegalArgumentException/IllegalStateException
StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
msg.append("Cannot convert value of type [").append(ClassUtils.getDescriptiveType(newValue));
msg.append("] to required type [").append(ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType)).append("]");
if (propertyName != null) {
msg.append(" for property '").append(propertyName).append("'");
}
if (editor != null) {
msg.append(": PropertyEditor [").append(editor.getClass().getName()).append(
"] returned inappropriate value of type [").append(
ClassUtils.getDescriptiveType(convertedValue)).append("]");
throw new IllegalArgumentException(msg.toString());
}
else {
msg.append(": no matching editors or conversion strategy found");
throw new IllegalStateException(msg.toString());
}
}
}
if (firstAttemptEx != null) {
if (editor == null && convertedValue == newValue) {
throw firstAttemptEx;
}
logger.debug("Original ConversionService attempt failed - ignored since " +
"PropertyEditor based conversion eventually succeeded", firstAttemptEx);
}
return (T) convertedValue;
}
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
// Instantiate the bean.
// 初始化 Bean 实例,创建 Bean 实例的 BeanWrapper。
// 如果是单例,需要从容器实例缓存中获取,并删除缓存
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
Class beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
// 给你一次修改 bean 定义的机会,同时你可以来检查bean定义的相关属性
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
// 可以做代理,改变Bean的引用的地方(SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor)
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory() {
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
}
});
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
// 组装 Bean,后面会讲到
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
if (exposedObject != null) {
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
// 二次验证提前暴露引用(SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor)的处理是否正确
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
/**
* 通过指定的实例化策略初始化一个新的的 Bean 实例。初始化策略:工厂方法、自动装载构造方法、默认简单构造方法
* Create a new instance for the specified bean, using an appropriate instantiation strategy:
* factory method, constructor autowiring, or simple instantiation.
* @param beanName the name of the bean
* @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
* @param args arguments to use if creating a prototype using explicit arguments to a
* static factory method. It is invalid to use a non-null args value in any other case.
* @return BeanWrapper for the new instance
* @see #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod
* @see #autowireConstructor
* @see #instantiateBean
*/
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
Class beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
// 如果配置了通过工厂方法构造,查找对应的工厂方法来初始化 Bean 实例
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean…
// 如果是重新创建同一个 bean,可以根据 BeanDefinition 中的标识来判断
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
// 如果已经通过构造方法或者的构造工厂处理过 bean 定义
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// 剩下的就是需要去查询使用那个构造方法,如果能找到对应的构造方法,使用构造方法来创建实例,
// 否则就是使用默认构造方法。例如经常使用的默认无参数构造方法
// Need to determine the constructor…
// 如果定义了对应的 BeanPostProcessor,定义使用某个构造方法,使用之
Constructor[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
// 默认使用无参数构造方法
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
/**
* 根据 BeanWrapper,来组装 Bean 实例
* Populate the bean instance in the given BeanWrapper with the property values
* from the bean definition.
* @param beanName the name of the bean
* @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
* @param bw BeanWrapper with bean instance
*/
protected void populateBean(String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {
// 从 BeanDefinition 中获取所有的的 Bean 属性
PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
// 如果没有指定 BeanWrapper,但是有 Bean 属性,异常返回,否则跳过处理
if (bw == null) {
if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
}
else {
// Skip property population phase for null instance.
return;
}
}
// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
// to support styles of field injection.
boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;
// 给你一次扩展的 BeanPostProcessor 的机会,来在 Bean 实例化后做点儿自己想干的事情
// 回想一下对应的 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 什么时间会在初始化前调用?
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
return;
}
// 处理根据名称自动转载和根据类型自动装载的过程
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
// 根据名称增加属性的装载
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
// 根据类型增加属性的装载
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
}
boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);
// 在 Bean 发布可以使用前,检查依赖是否完整等
// 如果定义了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,你可以自定义自己的检查逻辑
// 也可以强制加载自己的依赖,例如注解 Resource 的实现等。
if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw);
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvs == null) {
return;
}
}
}
}
if (needsDepCheck) {
checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
}
}
// 对Bean相关的属性开始发布赋值,可能递归 getBean。
applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}
/**
* Apply the given property values, resolving any runtime references
* to other beans in this bean factory. Must use deep copy, so we
* don't permanently modify this property.
* @param beanName the bean name passed for better exception information
* @param mbd the merged bean definition
* @param bw the BeanWrapper wrapping the target object
* @param pvs the new property values
*/
protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
if (pvs == null || pvs.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
List original;
if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {
if (bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
}
}
// 获取属性列表
if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
try {
bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
return;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
}
else {
original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
}
// 属性类型转化器注册
TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
}
// 构建对应的属性值处理器
// 属性值处理器,主要完成对应对依赖的属性的构建
BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);
// Create a deep copy, resolving any references for values.
List deepCopy = new ArrayList(original.size());
boolean resolveNecessary = false;
for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
if (pv.isConverted()) {
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
String propertyName = pv.getName();
Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
// 通过属性转换处理器来完成对应属性值的赋值
Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
if (convertible) {
convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
}
// Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
// in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
if (convertible) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
}
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
resolveNecessary = true;
deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
}
}
}
if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
mpvs.setConverted();
}
// Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
try {
// 通过 BeanWrapper 来把所有的属性值赋值
bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
4.2 详解各个自动注入代码
属性名称自动装载
protected void autowireByName(
String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
if (containsBean(propertyName)) {
Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
"' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
}
}
else {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName +
"' by name: no matching bean found");
}
}
}
}
属性类型自动装载
protected void autowireByType(
String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
}
Set autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet(4);
String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
try {
PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
// Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
// even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
if (!Object.class.equals(pd.getPropertyType())) {
MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
// Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
boolean eager = !PriorityOrdered.class.isAssignableFrom(bw.getWrappedClass());
DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
if (autowiredArgument != null) {
pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
}
for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
}
}
autowiredBeanNames.clear();
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
}
}
}
java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'int android.view.View.getImportantForAccessibility()' on a null object reference
出现以上异常.然后就在baidu上
cmd命令打jar是如下实现:
在运行里输入cmd,利用cmd命令进入到本地的工作盘符。(如我的是D盘下的文件有此路径 D:\workspace\prpall\WEB-INF\classes)
现在是想把D:\workspace\prpall\WEB-INF\classes路径下所有的文件打包成prpall.jar。然后继续如下操作:
cd D: 回车
cd workspace/prpal
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&q
Given a 2D binary matrix filled with 0's and 1's, find the largest rectangle containing all ones and return its area.
public class Solution {
public int maximalRectangle(char[][] matrix)
随着RESTful Web Service的流行,测试对外的Service是否满足期望也变的必要的。从Spring 3.2开始Spring了Spring Web测试框架,如果版本低于3.2,请使用spring-test-mvc项目(合并到spring3.2中了)。
Spring MVC测试框架提供了对服务器端和客户端(基于RestTemplate的客户端)提供了支持。
&nbs
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] setStatusBarStyle:UIStatusBarStyleLightContent];
/*you'll also need to set UIViewControllerBasedStatusBarAppearance to NO in the plist file if you use this method
英文资料:
Thread Dump and Concurrency Locks
Thread dumps are very useful for diagnosing synchronization related problems such as deadlocks on object monitors. Ctrl-\ on Solaris/Linux or Ctrl-B