shiro权限框架__由浅入深 1

1、实现思路：工厂启动时加载 .ini文件权限、用户、角色信息到一个集合中
2、通过 工厂获取 SecurityManager 组件
3、通过 SecurityUtils.getSubject(); 获取用户组件
Subject：应用代码直接交互的对象是 Subject，也就是说 Shiro 的对外API 核心就是 Subject
4、Subject 中获取session
5、subject 是操作入口 currentUser.isAuthenticated() 认证
currentUser.login(token) 登录\currentUser.hasRole(“schwartz”) 角色
currentUser.isPermitted(“user:delete:zhangsan”) 权限
currentUser.logout(); 退出登录

SecurityManager：安全管理器；即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SecurityManager 交互；且其管理着所有 Subject；可以看出它是 Shiro的核心，
它负责与 Shiro 的其他组件进行交互，它相当于 SpringMVC 中DispatcherServlet 的角色(任务调度中心)、
SecurityManager中的组件_____Session Manager：会话管理，即用户登录后就是一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中即用户登录后就是一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中

shiro.ini 文件配置
[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest

presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz
#用户 密码 角色1，角色2
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions

[roles]
#针对上面的角色 有什么权限呢，可以做什么 有什么权利
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*

goodguy = user:delete:zhangsan

public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {

       Factory factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();

       SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:

        // get the currently executing user:
        // 获取当前的 Subject. 调用 SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
        // 测试使用 Session 
        // 获取 Session: Subject#getSession()
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("---> Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
        // 测试当前的用户是否已经被认证. 即是否已经登录. 
        // 调动 Subject 的 isAuthenticated() 
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
        	// 把用户名和密码封装为 UsernamePasswordToken 对象
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            // rememberme
            token.setRememberMe(true);
            try {
            	// 执行登录. 
                currentUser.login(token);
            } 
            // 若没有指定的账户, 则 shiro 将会抛出 UnknownAccountException 异常. 
            catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("----> There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
                return; 
            } 
            // 若账户存在, 但密码不匹配, 则 shiro 会抛出 IncorrectCredentialsException 异常。 
            catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("----> Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
                return; 
            } 
            // 用户被锁定的异常 LockedAccountException
            catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            // 所有认证时异常的父类. 
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("----> User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        // 测试是否有某一个角色. 调用 Subject 的 hasRole 方法. 
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("----> May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("----> Hello, mere mortal.");
            return; 
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        // 测试用户是否具备某一个行为. 调用 Subject 的 isPermitted() 方法。 
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:weild")) {
            log.info("----> You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        // 测试用户是否具备某一个行为. 
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("user:delete:zhangsan")) {
            log.info("----> You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        // 执行登出. 调用 Subject 的 Logout() 方法. 
        System.out.println("---->" + currentUser.isAuthenticated());
        
        currentUser.logout();
        
        System.out.println("---->" + currentUser.isAuthenticated());

        System.exit(0);
    }

借鉴：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_20641565/article/details/78772938

由上述流程可以推测，spring整合shiro后流程如下：

spring容器\bean工厂启动时  
			加载ShiroFilter 的 bean 中信息进入map
			认证、授权 bean__继承_AuthorizingRealm  得到权限set
			
	web.xml中对每一次请求进行拦截 
			//如果没有认证__会跳转到自定义登录页、那些访问资源可以直接访问
			//每一次请求时会比对
			//登录只会执行一次
			//权限认证__每一次请求都会执行、得到权限set  根据页面的shiro标签实现显示、隐藏-------------