二进制日志（BINLOG）记录了所有的DDL（数据定义语言）语句和DML（数据操纵语言）语句，但是不包括数据查询语句。语句以“事件”的形式保存，它描述了数据的更改过程。此日志对于灾难时的数据恢复起着极其重要的作用。
1、日志的位置和格式
当用--log-bin[=file_name]选项启动时，mysqld将包含所有更新数据的SQL命令写入日志文件。如果没有给出file_name值，默认名为主机名后面跟“-bin”。如果给出了文件名，但没有包含路径，则文件默认被写入参数DATADIR（数据目录）指定的目录。
MySQL5.6中二进制的格式分为3种，STATEMENT、ROW、MIXED，可以在启动时通过参数--binlog_format进行设置。
STATEMENT
MySQL5.1之前的版本都 采用这种方式，顾名思义，日志中记录的都是语句(statement)，每一条对数据造成修改的SQL语句都会记录在日志中，通过mysqlbin工具可以清晰地看到每条语句的文本。主从复制的时候，从库(slave)会将日志解析为原文本，并在从库重新执行一次。这种格式的优点是日志记录清晰易读、日志量少，对I/O影响较小。缺点是在某些情况下slave的日志复制会出错
ROW
MySQL5.1.11之后，出现了这种新的日志格式。它将每一行的变更记录到日志中，而不是记录SQL语句。比如一个简单的更新SQL:update emp set name='abc'，由于是对全表进行更新，也就是每一行记录都会发生变更，如果是一个100万行的大表，则日志中会记录100万条记录的变化情况。这种格式的优点是会记录每一行数据的变化细节，不会出现某些情况下无法复制的情况。缺点是日志量大，对I/O影响较大。
MIXED
这种日志格式，即混合了STATEMENT和ROW两种日志。默认情况下采用STATEMENT，但在一些特殊情况下采用ROW来进行记录，比如采用NDB存储引擎，此时对表的DML语句全部采用ROW；客户端使用了临时表；客户端使用了不确定函数，比如current_user()等，因为这种不确定函数在主从中得到的值可能不同，导致主从数据产生不一致。MIXED格式能尽量利用两种模式的优点，而避开它们的缺点。
2、启用binlog
默认情况下，binlog是不启用的。可以通过查看变量 log_bin的值来查看是否启用。
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | log_bin | OFF | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show binary logs; ERROR 1381 (HY000): You are not using binary logging
启用binlong
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]下边添加
log-bin=mysqlbin #"="后边的名字为自己定义的前缀，如果没有自定义则为hostname-bin
在5.7.3及以后的版本启用binlog必须要连server-id一同指定，否则mysql无法启动。
重启mysql服务
service mysql restart
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | log_bin | ON | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.03 sec) mysql> show binary logs; +-----------------+-----------+ | Log_name | File_size | +-----------------+-----------+ | mysqlbin.000001 | 120 | +-----------------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show binlog events; +-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info | +-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+ | mysqlbin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 120 | Server ver: 5.6.34-log, Binlog ver: 4 | +-----------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
3、读取binlog日志
由于服务器生成的二进制日志文件以二进制格式保存，所以如果要想检查这些文件的文本格式，就会用到mysqlbinlog日志管理工具。
mysqlbinlog的具体用法如下：
shell> mysqlbinlog [options] log-files1 log-files2...
option有很多选项，常用的如下：
-d, --database=name 指定数据库名称，只列出指定的数据库相关操作。
-o, --offset=# 忽略掉日志中的前n行命令
-r, --result-file=name 将输出的文本格式日志输出到指定文件
-s, --short-form 显示简单格式，省略掉一些信息
--set-charset=char-name：在输出为文本格式时，在文件第一行加上set names char-name，这个选项在某些情况下装载数据时，非常有用。
--start-datetime=name –stop-datetime=name：指定日期间隔内的所有日志
--start-position=# --stop-position=#：指定位置间隔内的所有日志
option可放日志文件前也可放日志文件后
（1）创建日志
mysql> use test
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> use test1
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> delete from emp where ename='bin_zx1';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
（2）不加任何参数，显示所有日志(加粗为上一步执行的sql)
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000002
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#161121 10:36:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x7067a31f Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.34-log created 161121 10:36:44 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
vF0yWA8BAAAAdAAAAHgAAAABAAQANS42LjM0LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAC8XTJYEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXAAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKGRkAAR+j
Z3A=
'/*!*/;
# at 120
#161121 12:48:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 218 CRC32 0xb953ea67 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703695/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
# at 218
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 297 CRC32 0x6d922200 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 297
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 411 CRC32 0xa78a9de5 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx')
/*!*/;
# at 411
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 442 CRC32 0x0af0231f Xid = 20
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 442
#161121 12:49:08 server id 1 end_log_pos 542 CRC32 0x4c7a37af Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test1`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703748/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test1`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
# at 542
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 623 CRC32 0x1b2f79ad Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 623
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 740 CRC32 0x4f52a0ca Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx1')
/*!*/;
# at 740
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 771 CRC32 0x5c57e391 Xid = 34
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 771
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 852 CRC32 0x02a2e65c Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 852
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 965 CRC32 0xa0d7e1f2 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
delete from emp where ename='bin_zx1'
/*!*/;
# at 965
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 996 CRC32 0xab27f255 Xid = 35
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
（3）加-d选项，将只显示对test数据库的操作日志。
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqlbinlog -d test mysqlbin.000002
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#161121 10:36:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x7067a31f Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.34-log created 161121 10:36:44 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
vF0yWA8BAAAAdAAAAHgAAAABAAQANS42LjM0LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAC8XTJYEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXAAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKGRkAAR+j
Z3A=
'/*!*/;
# at 120
#161121 12:48:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 218 CRC32 0xb953ea67 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703695/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
# at 218
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 297 CRC32 0x6d922200 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 297
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 411 CRC32 0xa78a9de5 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx')
/*!*/;
# at 411
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 442 CRC32 0x0af0231f Xid = 20
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 442
# at 542
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 623 CRC32 0x1b2f79ad Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 623
# at 740
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 771 CRC32 0x5c57e391 Xid = 34
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 771
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 852 CRC32 0x02a2e65c Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 852
# at 965
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 996 CRC32 0xab27f255 Xid = 35
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
(4)加-r选项，将上面的结果输出到文件resultfile中
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqlbinlog -r binlog mysqlbin.000002
[root@rhel6 mysql]# more binlog
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#161121 10:36:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x7067a31f Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.34-log created 161121 10:36:44 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
vF0yWA8BAAAAdAAAAHgAAAABAAQANS42LjM0LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAC8XTJYEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXAAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKGRkAAR+j
Z3A=
'/*!*/;
# at 120
#161121 12:48:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 218 CRC32 0xb953ea67 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703695/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
# at 218
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 297 CRC32 0x6d922200 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 297
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 411 CRC32 0xa78a9de5 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx')
/*!*/;
# at 411
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 442 CRC32 0x0af0231f Xid = 20
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 442
#161121 12:49:08 server id 1 end_log_pos 542 CRC32 0x4c7a37af Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test1`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703748/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test1`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
# at 542
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 623 CRC32 0x1b2f79ad Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 623
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 740 CRC32 0x4f52a0ca Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx1')
/*!*/;
# at 740
#161121 12:49:16 server id 1 end_log_pos 771 CRC32 0x5c57e391 Xid = 34
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 771
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 852 CRC32 0x02a2e65c Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 852
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 965 CRC32 0xa0d7e1f2 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
delete from emp where ename='bin_zx1'
/*!*/;
# at 965
#161121 12:49:29 server id 1 end_log_pos 996 CRC32 0xab27f255 Xid = 35
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
（5）结果显示内容较多，显得比较乱，加-s选项将上面的内容进行简单显示。
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqlbinlog -s mysqlbin.000002
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
use `test`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703695/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=999999999/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx')
/*!*/;
COMMIT/*!*/;
use `test1`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703748/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test1`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703756/*!*/;
insert into emp (ename) values('bin_zx1')
/*!*/;
COMMIT/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703769/*!*/;
delete from emp where ename='bin_zx1'
/*!*/;
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
（6）加“--start-datetime --stop-datetime”显示指定时间内的日志
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000002 --start-datetime='2016/11/21 12:48:00' --stop-datetime='2016/11/21 12:49:00'
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#161121 10:36:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x7067a31f Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.34-log created 161121 10:36:44 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
vF0yWA8BAAAAdAAAAHgAAAABAAQANS42LjM0LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAC8XTJYEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXAAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKGRkAAR+j
Z3A=
'/*!*/;
# at 120
#161121 12:48:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 218 CRC32 0xb953ea67 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703695/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
开始日期和结束日期可以只写一个。如果只写开始日期，表示范围是开始日期到日志结束；如果只写结束日期，表示日志开始到指定的结束日期。
（7）--start-position=#和—stop-position=#和日期范围类似，不过可以更精确地表示范围
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000001 mysqlbin.000002 --start-position=120 --stop-position=297
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#161120 22:45:37 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x1ce9680d Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.34-log created 161120 22:45:37 at startup
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
EbcxWA8BAAAAdAAAAHgAAAAAAAQANS42LjM0LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARtzFYEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXAAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKGRkAAQ1o
6Rw=
'/*!*/;
# at 120
#161120 23:28:57 server id 1 end_log_pos 143 CRC32 0x69c1b9d0 Stop
# at 4
#161121 10:36:44 server id 1 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x7067a31f Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.34-log created 161121 10:36:44 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
vF0yWA8BAAAAdAAAAHgAAAABAAQANS42LjM0LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAC8XTJYEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXAAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKGRkAAR+j
Z3A=
'/*!*/;
# at 120
#161121 12:48:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 218 CRC32 0xb953ea67 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
use `test`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703695/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
DELETE FROM `test`.`tab_memory`
/*!*/;
# at 218
#161121 12:49:03 server id 1 end_log_pos 297 CRC32 0x6d922200 Querythread_id=1exec_time=0error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1479703743/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
4、删除binlog日志
对于比较繁忙的OLTP（在线事务处理）系统，由于每天生成日志量大，这些日志如果长时间不清除，将会对磁盘空间带来很大的浪费。因此定期删除日志是DBA维护MySQL数据库的一个重要工作内容。下面介绍几种删除日志的常见方法。
方法1：RESET MASTER;
执行"RESET MASTER;"命令，该命令将删除所有BINLOG日志，新日志编号从"0000001"开始。
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 20 23:28 mysqlbin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1019 Nov 21 15:12 mysqlbin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 15:12 mysqlbin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 15:46 mysqlbin.000004
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 15:53 mysqlbin.000005
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 16:08 mysqlbin.000006
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 16:42 mysqlbin.000007
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 368 Nov 21 18:11 mysqlbin.000008
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 18:11 mysqlbin.000009
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 21:11 mysqlbin.000010
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 180 Nov 21 21:11 mysqlbin.index
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> reset master;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 23:11 mysqlbin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18 Nov 21 23:11 mysqlbin.index
方法二：PURGE MASTER LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.******'
执行"PURGE MASTER LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.******'"命令，该命令将删除"******"编号之前的所的日志。
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:12 mysqlbin.000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000004
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000005
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000006
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 108 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.index
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> purge master logs to 'mysqlbin.000005';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000005
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000006
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 36 Nov 21 23:16 mysqlbin.index
方法3：PURGE MASTER LOGS BEFORE 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
执行"PURGE MASTER LOGS BEFORE 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'"命令，该命令将删除日期为"yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"之前产生的所有日志。
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:15 mysqlbin.000005
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:19 mysqlbin.000006
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:19 mysqlbin.000007
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:19 mysqlbin.000008
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:19 mysqlbin.000009
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:19 mysqlbin.000010
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.000011
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.000012
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 144 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.index
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.6.34-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> purge master logs before '2016-11-21 23:20:00';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.000011
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.000012
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 36 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.index
方法4：设置expire_logs_days
设置--expire_logs_days=#，此参数的含义是设置日志的过期天数，过了指定的天数后日志将会被自动删除，这样将有利于减少DBA管理日志的工作量。
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -l mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.000011
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 23:30 mysqlbin.000012
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 21 23:31 mysqlbin.000013
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 54 Nov 21 23:31 mysqlbin.index
在/etc/my.cnf的[mysqld]中添加expire_logs_day=2
[root@rhel6 mysql]# grep expire_logs_day /etc/my.cnf
expire_logs_day=2
重启mysql
[root@rhel6 mysql]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
Starting MySQL. [ OK ]
[root@rhel6 mysql]# date
Mon Nov 21 23:32:13 CST 2016
修改日期为1天后
[root@rhel6 mysql]# date -s '20161122 23:00:00'
Tue Nov 22 23:00:00 CST 2016
[root@rhel6 mysql]# date
Tue Nov 22 23:00:01 CST 2016
使用flush logs触发日志文件更新，由于还不到2天，日志不会被删除
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqladmin flush-log
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot -p flush-log
Enter password:
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -lt mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 90 Nov 22 23:00 mysqlbin.index
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 22 23:00 mysqlbin.000015
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 22 23:00 mysqlbin.000014
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 23:31 mysqlbin.000013
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 143 Nov 21 23:30 mysqlbin.000012
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 21 23:20 mysqlbin.000011
修改日期为3天后，并再次执行flush logs
[root@rhel6 mysql]# date -s '20161124 23:00:00'
Thu Nov 24 23:00:00 CST 2016
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot -p flush-log
Enter password:
两天前的日志(11月21日)被删除了
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls -lt mysqlbin*
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 72 Nov 24 23:00 mysqlbin.index
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 120 Nov 24 23:00 mysqlbin.000017
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 24 23:00 mysqlbin.000016
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 23 23:00 mysqlbin.000015
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 166 Nov 22 23:00 mysqlbin.000014
参考：《深入浅出MySQL》
参考文档：http://www.myexception.cn/mysql/1779525.html