Hadoop HA集群搭建

Hadoop HA集群简介

本教程用于搭建Hadoop HA集群，关于HA集群有以下几点说明：

• 在hadoop2.0中通常由两个NameNode组成，一个处于active状态，另一个处于standby状态。 Active NameNode对外提供服务，Standby NameNode不对外提供服务，仅同步active namenode的状态，以便能够在它失败时快速进行切换。 hadoop2.0官方提供了两种HDFS HA的解决方案，一种是NFS，另一种是QJM。这里我们使用简单的QJM。 在该方案中，主备NameNode之间通过一组JournalNode同步元数据信息，一条数据只要成功写入多数JournalNode即认为写入成功。 通常配置奇数个JournalNode。
• hadoop-2.2.0中依然存在一个问题，就是ResourceManager只有一个，存在单点故障，从hadoop-2.4.1开始解决了这个问题，有两个ResourceManager，一个是Active，一个是Standby，状态由zookeeper进行协调。
• 这里还配置了一个zookeeper集群，用于ZKFC（DFSZKFailoverController）故障转移，当Active NameNode/ResourceManager挂掉了，会自动切换Standby NameNode/ResourceManager为Active状态

---

版本介绍

software	version
OS	CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1810.iso
Hadoop	hadoop-2.8.4
Zookeeper	zookeeper-3.4.10

---

系统设置

集群角色分配

node	actor
master1	NameNode、DFSZKFailoverController(zkfc)、ResourceManager
master2	NameNode、DFSZKFailoverController(zkfc)、ResourceManager
node1	DataNode、NodeManager、JournalNode、QuorumPeerMain
node2	DataNode、NodeManager、JournalNode、QuorumPeerMain
node3	DataNode、NodeManager、JournalNode、QuorumPeerMain

---

配置hosts [all]

192.168.56.101  node1
192.168.56.102  node2
192.168.56.103  node3
192.168.56.201  master1
192.168.56.202  master2

新增Hadoop用户 [all]

useradd hadoop
passwd hadoop

chmod -v u+w /etc/sudoers

vi /etc/sudoers

hadoop  ALL=(ALL)       ALL

chmod -v u-w /etc/sudoers

---

修改hostname [all]

hostnamectl set-hostname $hostname [master1|master2|node1|node2|node3]

systemctl reboot -i

---

免密登录 [all]

ssh-keygen -t rsa

cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys 

scp .ssh/authorized_keys $next_node:~/.ssh/

sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

RSAAuthentication yes
StrictModes no
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys

systemctl restart sshd.service 

---

关闭并禁用防火墙 [all]

sudo systemctl stop firewalld 

sudo firewall-cmd --state 

systemctl disable firewalld.service 

security策略 [all]

vi /etc/selinux/config 

SELINUX=disabled

---

软件安装

安装JDK [all]

sudo mkdir -p /opt/env

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/env

tar -xvf jdk-8u121-linux-i586.tar.gz

sudo vi /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/env/jdk1.8.0_121
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

---

安装ZK [node1 node2 node3]

sudo mkdir -p /opt/zookeeper

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/zookeeper

tar -zxvf /tmp/zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /opt/zookeeper/

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/zookeeper

vi conf/zoo.cfg 

dataDir=/opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/data
......
server.1=node1:2888:3888
server.2=node2:2888:3888
server.3=node3:2888:3888

mkdir data 

echo $zk_id [1|2|3] > data/myid

---

安装Hadoop [all]

sudo mkdir -p /opt/hadoop/data

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/hadoop/

tar -zxvf hadoop-2.8.4.tar.gz -C /opt/hadoop/

mkdir journaldata

配置Hadoop [all]

vi core-site.xml 


    
    
        fs.defaultFS
        hdfs://ns1/
    

    
    
        hadoop.tmp.dir
        /opt/hadoop/data
    

    
    
        ha.zookeeper.quorum
        node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181
    
    
        ha.zookeeper.session-timeout.ms
        3000
    

vi hdfs-site.xml 


    
    
        dfs.nameservices
        ns1
    
    
    
        dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1
        nn1,nn2
    
    
    
        dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn1
        master1:9000
    
    
    
        dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn1
        master1:50070
    
    
    
        dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn2
        master2:9000
    
    
    
        dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn2
        master2:50070
    
    
    
        dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir
        qjournal://node1:8485;node2:8485;node3:8485/ns1
    
    
    
        dfs.journalnode.edits.dir
        /opt/hadoop/journaldata
    
    
    
        dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled
        true
    
    
    
        dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1
        org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider
    
    
    
        dfs.ha.fencing.methods
        
            sshfence
            shell(/bin/true)
        
    
    
    
        dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files
        /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa
        
    
    
    
        dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout
        30000
    
     
    
        dfs.namenode.name.dir
        file:///opt/hadoop/hdfs/name
    
    
    
        dfs.datanode.data.dir
        file:///opt/hadoop/hdfs/data
    
    
    
        dfs.replication
        3
    

vi mapred-site.xml


    
    
        mapreduce.framework.name
        yarn
    
    
    
        mapreduce.jobhistory.address
        0.0.0.0:10020
    
    
    
        mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address
        0.0.0.0:19888
    

vi yarn-site.xml





    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled
        true
    
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled
        true
    
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id
        yrc
    
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids
        rm1,rm2
    
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1
        master1
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2
        master2
    
    
　　　　yarn.resourcemanager.ha.id
　　　　$ResourceManager_Id [rm1|rm2]
　　　　If we want to launch more than one RM in single node,we need this configuration
　  
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address
        node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181
    
    
        ha.zookeeper.quorum
        node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181
    
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.zk-state-store.address
        node1:2181,node2:2181,node3:2181
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.store.class
        org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore
    
    
        yarn.resourcemanager.ha.automatic-failover.zk-base-path
        /yarn-leader-election
        Optionalsetting.Thedefaultvalueis/yarn-leader-election
    
    
        yarn.nodemanager.aux-services
        mapreduce_shuffle
    

vi hadoop-env.sh 
vi mapred-env.sh
vi yarn-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/env/jdk1.8.0_121
export CLASS_PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib 
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4
export HADOOP_PID_DIR=/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/pids 
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native 
export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native" 
export HADOOP_PREFIX=$HADOOP_HOME 
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME 
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME 
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME 
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME 
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop 
export HDFS_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop 
export YARN_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop 
export JAVA_LIBRARY_PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native 
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin

vi masters

master2

vi slaves

node1
node2
node3

---

启动集群

启动zookeeper [node1 node2 node3]

 ./zkServer.sh start

[hadoop@node1 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

[hadoop@node2 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

[hadoop@node3 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

格式化NameNode [master1]

bin/hdfs namenode -format

[hadoop@master2 ~]$ ll /opt/hadoop/data/dfs/name/current/
total 16
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 323 Jul 11 01:17 fsimage_0000000000000000000
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop  62 Jul 11 01:17 fsimage_0000000000000000000.md5
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop   2 Jul 11 01:17 seen_txid
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 219 Jul 11 01:17 VERSION

格式化zkfc [master1 master2]

bin/hdfs zkfc -formatZK

启动NameNode/ResourceManager [master1]

sbin/start-dfs.sh 

[hadoop@master1 sbin]$ sh start-dfs.sh 
which: no start-dfs.sh in (/opt/env/jdk1.8.0_121/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM warning: You have loaded library /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now.
It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c ', or link it with '-z noexecstack'.
19/07/25 01:00:52 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Starting namenodes on [master1 master2]
master2: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-master2.out
master1: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-master1.out
node2: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-node2.out
node1: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-node1.out
node3: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-node3.out
Starting journal nodes [node1 node2 node3]
node2: starting journalnode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-node2.out
node3: starting journalnode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-node3.out
node1: starting journalnode, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-node1.out
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM warning: You have loaded library /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now.
It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c ', or link it with '-z noexecstack'.
19/07/25 01:01:11 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Starting ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [master1 master2]
master2: starting zkfc, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-zkfc-master2.out
master1: starting zkfc, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/hadoop-hadoop-zkfc-master1.out
[hadoop@master1 sbin]$ jps
5552 NameNode
5940 Jps
5869 DFSZKFailoverController

sbin/start-yarn.sh 

[hadoop@master1 sbin]$ sh start-yarn.sh 
starting yarn daemons
which: no start-yarn.sh in (/opt/env/jdk1.8.0_121/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/home/hadoop/.local/bin:/home/hadoop/bin)
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/yarn-hadoop-resourcemanager-master1.out
node2: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-node2.out
node3: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-node3.out
node1: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/logs/yarn-hadoop-nodemanager-node1.out
[hadoop@master1 sbin]$ jps
5552 NameNode
5994 ResourceManager
6092 Jps
5869 DFSZKFailoverController

此时DataNode

[hadoop@node1 hadoop-2.8.4]$ jps
3808 QuorumPeerMain
5062 Jps
4506 DataNode
4620 JournalNode
4732 NodeManager

此时master2

[hadoop@master2 sbin]$ jps
6092 Jps
5869 DFSZKFailoverController

格式化NameNode Standby [master2]

bin/hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby

启动NameNode Standby [master2]

sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode

启动ResourceManager Standby [master2]

sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager

[hadoop@master2 hadoop-2.8.4]$ jps
4233 Jps
3885 DFSZKFailoverController
4189 ResourceManager
4030 NameNode

ResourceManager状态

[hadoop@master2 hadoop-2.8.4]$  bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm2
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM warning: You have loaded library /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now.
It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c ', or link it with '-z noexecstack'.
19/07/25 01:48:37 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
active
[hadoop@master2 hadoop-2.8.4]$  bin/yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM warning: You have loaded library /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now.
It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c ', or link it with '-z noexecstack'.
19/07/25 01:48:41 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
standby

enjoy