树莓派编译网卡
编译内核模块的helloworld的例子如下
环境：
1.linode虚拟机
2.centos系统，其他系统都行
3.下面ibm的代码，sample.tar.gz
4.编译内核模块需要源码
参考链接
http://blog.csdn.net/tigerjb/article/details/6010997
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cn-kernelmodules/index.html
上代码
[root@li408-34 hello]# cat hello.c /* * $Id: hello.c,v 1.5 2004/10/26 03:32:21 corbet Exp $ * The code samples are covered by a dual BSD/GPL license from * Linux Device Drivers, Third Edition, by Jonathan Corbet, * Alessanfdro Rubini, and Greg Kroah-Hartman.Copyright * 2005 O鈥橰eilly Media, Inc., 0-596-00590-3. */ #include#include MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL"); static int hello_init(void) { printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello, haoning-------------\n"); return 0; } static void hello_exit(void) { printk(KERN_ALERT "Goodbye, cruel world\n"); } module_init(hello_init); module_exit(hello_exit);
Makefile
[root@li408-34 hello]# cat Makefile
# To build modules outside of the kernel tree, we run "make"
# in the kernel source tree; the Makefile these then includes this
# Makefile once again.
# This conditional selects whether we are being included from the
# kernel Makefile or not.
ifeq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
# Assume the source tree is where the running kernel was built
# You should set KERNELDIR in the environment if it's elsewhere
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
# The current directory is passed to sub-makes as argument
PWD := $(shell pwd)
modules:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
modules_install:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules_install
clean:
rm -rf *.o *~ core .depend .*.cmd *.ko *.mod.c .tmp_versions \
*.order *.symvers
.PHONY: modules modules_install clean
else
# called from kernel build system: just declare what our modules are
obj-m := hello.o
endif
★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★我是罪恶的分割线★★★★★★★★★★★
步骤：
环境linode
centos6
[root@li408-34 hello]# uname -a Linux li408-34 3.8.4-linode50 #1 SMP Mon Mar 25 15:50:29 EDT 2013 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@li408-34 hello]# uname -r 3.8.4-linode50 [root@li408-34 hello]#
由于linode的内核都是自己编译的
上网查了一些自己编译内核的方法，但是还是启动报错
参考http://www.xiaozhou.net/ittech/vps-ittech/upgrade_linode_vps_kernel_manually-2011-04-28.htm
★这个写得很好，学习了
后来自己下了
linux-3.8.tar.xz xz -d linux-3.8.tar.xz tar xvf linux-3.8.tar cd linux-3.8 cp /proc/config.gz . gunzip config.gz mv config .config
这一步是用系统当前的config文件
作为内核的make menuconfig或者make config产生的文件
配置项太jb多了
然后可能需要改
CONFIG_PARAVIRT_GUEST=y CONFIG_XEN=y CONFIG_PARAVIRT=y CONFIG_PARAVIRT_CLOCK=y CONFIG_XEN_BLKDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_XEN_NETDEV_FRONTEND=y CONFIG_HVC_XEN=y CONFIG_XEN_SCRUB_PAGES=y CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_MATCH_CONNLIMIT=y CONFIG_IP_NF_SECURITY=n CONFIG_IP6_NF_SECURITY=n
#rm -rf /boot/* 看好了，这里可能原来就有启动的东西了，还是别删了 #开始编译 make modules make #安装内核 make install make modules_install
然后就会在/boot下面生成vmlinuz System.map
据说改了 /boot/grub/menu.lst重新启动 ，linode选pv-grub-x86-32
就能重新启动使用新内核了，但是我没试验成功，反正我是为了编译内核模块，又不是重新然linode好使，可能虚拟机还是和真实机器有莫名其买的差距吧，没深究
继续编译内核模块：
ln -s /root/kernel/linux-3.8 /lib/modules/3.8.4-linode50/build
把新编译的源码链接到 系统已经存在的内核源码
其实不太对，但是两个都是3.8的差别还不算大，内核模块可用
回到罪恶的分割线上面的代码
[root@li408-34 hello]# ls Makefile hello.c [root@li408-34 hello]# pwd /root/kk/samples/hello [root@li408-34 hello]#
[root@li408-34 hello]# make make -C /lib/modules/3.8.4-linode50/build M=/root/kk/samples/hello modules make[1]: Entering directory `/root/kernel/linux-3.8' CC [M] /root/kk/samples/hello/hello.o Building modules, stage 2. MODPOST 1 modules CC /root/kk/samples/hello/hello.mod.o LD [M] /root/kk/samples/hello/hello.ko make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/kernel/linux-3.8' [root@li408-34 hello]#
[root@li408-34 hello]# lsmod Module Size Used by [root@li408-34 hello]# [root@li408-34 hello]# ls Makefile Module.symvers hello.c hello.ko hello.mod.c hello.mod.o hello.o modules.order [root@li408-34 hello]# insmod hello.ko [root@li408-34 hello]# lsmod Module Size Used by hello 606 0 [root@li408-34 hello]# [root@li408-34 hello]# cat /proc/modules hello 606 0 - Live 0xede36000 (O) [root@li408-34 hello]# [root@li408-34 hello]# cd /sys/module/hello [root@li408-34 hello]# ls coresize holders initsize initstate notes refcnt sections taint uevent [root@li408-34 hello]# tree -a . |-- coresize |-- holders |-- initsize |-- initstate |-- notes | `-- .note.gnu.build-id |-- refcnt |-- sections | |-- .gnu.linkonce.this_module | |-- .note.gnu.build-id | |-- .rodata.str1.1 | |-- .strtab | |-- .symtab | `-- .text |-- taint `-- uevent 3 directories, 13 files [root@li408-34 hello]# dmesg ..... Hello, world Goodbye, cruel world [root@li408-34 hello]# tail -f /var/log/messages Apr 11 11:37:59 li408-34 abrtd: Init complete, entering main loop Apr 11 11:37:59 li408-34 init: Failed to spawn hvc0 main process: unable to execute: No such file or directory Apr 11 11:42:23 li408-34 kernel: Hello, haoning------------- Apr 11 11:43:56 li408-34 kernel: Goodbye, cruel world Apr 11 11:44:12 li408-34 kernel: Hello, haoning------------- Apr 11 13:51:49 li408-34 kernel: Goodbye, cruel world Apr 11 13:51:59 li408-34 kernel: Hello, haoning------------- Apr 11 14:44:21 li408-34 yum[4371]: Installed: tree-1.5.3-2.el6.i686 Apr 11 15:05:21 li408-34 kernel: Goodbye, cruel world Apr 11 15:05:51 li408-34 kernel: Hello, world
表示内核已经正确装载了
lsmod查看模块
rmmod 删除模块
把上面ibm的的代码放到附件里了