安装:
1. 下载安装工具ez_setup.py
2. 命令行运行:python ez_setup.py Pylons
耐心等待,安装结束。
3. 设置环境变量
系统变量->path->;C:\Python24\Scripts
4. 命令行运行:paster
产生下面类似结果,则说明安装成功。
运行结果
Usage: C:\Python24\Scripts\paster-script.py COMMAND
usage: paster-script.py [paster_options] COMMAND [command_options]
options:
--version show program's version number and exit
--plugin=PLUGINS Add a plugin to the list of commands (plugins are Egg
specs; will also require() the Egg)
-h, --help Show this help message
Commands:
create Create the file layout for a Python distribution
grep Search project for symbol
help Display help
make-config Install a package and create a fresh config file/directory
points Show information about entry points
serve Serve the described application
setup-app Setup an application, given a config file
pylons:
controller Create a Controller and functional test for it
The Controller command will create the standard controller template
file and associated functional test to speed creation of controllers.
Example usage::
yourproj% paster controller comments
Creating yourproj/yourproj/controllers/comments.py
Creating yourproj/yourproj/tests/functional/test_comments.py
If you'd like to have controllers underneath a directory, just include
the path as the controller name and the necessary directories will be
created for you::
yourproj% paster controller admin/trackback
Creating yourproj/controllers/admin
Creating yourproj/yourproj/controllers/admin/trackback.py
Creating yourproj/yourproj/tests/functional/test_admin_trackback.py
shell Open an interactive shell with the Pylons app loaded
The optional CONFIG_FILE argument specifies the config file to use for
the interactive shell. CONFIG_FILE defaults to 'development.ini'.
This allows you to test your mapper, models, and simulate web requests
using ``paste.fixture``.
Example::
$ paster shell my-development.ini
开始动手:
1. 建立一个Pylons工程
命令行运行:
F:\python\lab\Pylons>paster create --template=pylons helloworld
产生下面类似结果:
运行结果
Selected and implied templates:
pylons#pylons Pylons application template
Variables:
egg: helloworld
package: helloworld
project: helloworld
Creating template pylons
Creating directory .\helloworld
Recursing into +egg+.egg-info
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld.egg-info/
Copying paste_deploy_config.ini_tmpl_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld.egg-inf
o\paste_deploy_config.ini_tmpl
Recursing into +package+
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\__init__.py
Recursing into config
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\config/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\config\__init__.py
Copying environment.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\config\environment.
py
Copying middleware.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\config\middleware.py
Copying routing.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\config\routing.py
Recursing into controllers
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\controllers/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\controllers\__init__.p
y
Copying error.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\controllers\error.py
Copying template.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\controllers\template.p
y
Recursing into docs
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\docs/
Copying index.txt_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\docs\index.txt
Recursing into i18n
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\i18n/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\i18n\__init__.py
Recursing into lib
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\lib/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\lib\__init__.py
Copying app_globals.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\lib\app_globals.py
Copying base.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\lib\base.py
Copying helpers.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\lib\helpers.py
Recursing into models
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\models/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\models\__init__.py
Recursing into public
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\public/
Copying index.html_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\public\index.html
Recursing into templates
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\templates/
Copying autohandler to .\helloworld\helloworld\templates\autohandler
Recursing into tests
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\tests/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\tests\__init__.py
Recursing into functional
Creating .\helloworld\helloworld\tests\functional/
Copying __init__.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\tests\functional\__i
nit__.py
Copying test_models.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\tests\test_models.p
y
Copying websetup.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\helloworld\websetup.py
Copying README.txt_tmpl to .\helloworld\README.txt
Copying development.ini_tmpl to .\helloworld\development.ini
Copying setup.cfg_tmpl to .\helloworld\setup.cfg
Copying setup.py_tmpl to .\helloworld\setup.py
Running C:\Python24\python.exe setup.py egg_info
Adding Pylons to paster_plugins.txt
Adding WebHelpers to paster_plugins.txt
2. 运行这个新建的工程
1. 命令行运行:
cd helloworld
paster serve --reload development.ini
2. 访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/ ,你将看到欢迎页面。
3. 在helloworld/public目录下创建一个test.html的文件,内容如下:
Hello World!
4. 访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/test.html ,你将看到“HelloWorld!”。
3. 禁用调试功能
将development.ini文件中的:
#set debug = false
改成:
set debug = false
4. 创建一个控制器、修改Routes
1. 命令行运行:F:\python\lab\Pylons\helloworld>paster controller hello
2. 修改helloworld/controllers/hello.py,代码如下:
1from helloworld.lib.base import *
2
3class HelloController(BaseController):
4 def index(self):
5 return Response('hello world')
3. 修改helloworld/config/routing.py,代码如下:
"""
Setup your Routes options here
"""
import sys, os
from routes import Mapper
def make_map(global_conf={}, app_conf={}):
root_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
map = Mapper(directory=os.path.join(root_path, 'controllers'))
# This route handles displaying the error page and graphics used in the 404/500
# error pages. It should likely stay at the top to ensure that the error page is
# displayed properly.
map.connect('error/:action/:id', controller='error')
# Define your routes. The more specific and detailed routes should be defined first,
# so they may take precedent over the more generic routes. For more information, refer
# to the routes manual @ http://routes.groovie.org/docs/
map.connect('', controller='hello', action='index')
map.connect(':controller/:action/:id')
map.connect('*url', controller='template', action='view')
return map
4. 删除public/index.html。访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello 和http://127.0.0.1:5000/ ,你将看到“hello world”。
5.模版和请求周期
1.创建模版文件:helloworld/templates/serverinfo.myt,代码如下:
Hi, here's the server environment:
<% str(request.environ) %>
and here's the URL you called: <% h.url_for() %>
from helloworld.lib.base import *
class HelloController(BaseController):
def index(self):
return Response('hello world')
def serverinfo(self):
return render_response('/serverinfo.myt')
3.访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello/serverinfo ,你将看到下面类似结果:
运行结果
Hi, here's the server environment:
{'HTTP_REFERER': 'http://pylonshq.com/docs/0.9.3/getting_started.html', 'paste.recursive.forward': , 'pylons.routes_dict': {'action': 'serverinfo', 'controller': 'hello', 'id': None}, 'paste.recursive.include': , 'SCRIPT_NAME': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET', 'PATH_INFO': '/hello/serverinfo', 'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.1', 'QUERY_STRING': '', 'paste.throw_errors': True, 'CONTENT_LENGTH': '', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET': 'gb2312,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7', 'HTTP_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.8.1) Gecko/20061010 Firefox/2.0', 'HTTP_CONNECTION': 'keep-alive', 'HTTP_COOKIE': 'helloworld=ef423552a79452b4061d63335840e6690237c4375498846bc40a5e9218518af5', 'SERVER_NAME': '0.0.0.0', 'REMOTE_ADDR': '127.0.0.1', 'pylons.environ_config': {'cache': 'beaker.cache', 'session': 'beaker.session'}, 'paste.expected_exceptions': [], 'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http', 'beaker.cache': , 'paste.config': {'global_conf': {'error_email_from': 'paste@localhost' , 'email_to': '[email protected]' , 'debug': 'false', '__file__': 'F:\\python\\lab\\Pylons\\helloworld\\development.ini', 'smtp_server': 'localhost', 'here': 'F:\\python\\lab\\Pylons\\helloworld'}, 'app_conf': {'session_key': 'helloworld', 'package': 'helloworld', 'session_secret': 'somesecret', 'cache_dir': 'F:\\python\\lab\\Pylons\\helloworld/data', 'session_data_dir': 'F:\\python\\lab\\Pylons\\helloworld/data\\sessions', 'cache_data_dir': 'F:\\python\\lab\\Pylons\\helloworld/data\\cache'}}, 'SERVER_PORT': '5000', 'paste.recursive.script_name': '', 'wsgi.input': , 'HTTP_HOST': '127.0.0.1:5000', 'beaker.session': {'_accessed_time': 1164775636.45, '_creation_time': 1164775537.0710001}, 'paste.recursive.include_app_iter': , 'wsgi.multithread': True, 'paste.httpexceptions': , 'HTTP_ACCEPT': 'text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5', 'wsgi.version': (1, 0), 'paste.registry': , 'wsgi.run_once': False, 'wsgi.errors': ', mode 'w' at 0x00ACE0B0>, 'wsgi.multiprocess': False, 'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE': 'zh-cn,zh;q=0.5', 'CONTENT_TYPE': '', 'REMOTE_HOST': 'localhost', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip,deflate', 'HTTP_KEEP_ALIVE': '300'}
and here's the URL you called: /hello/serverinfo
6. 使用Sessions
代码片段:
def serverinfo(self):
session['name'] = 'George'
session.save()
return render_response('/serverinfo.myt')
. 控制器变量和模版全局变量
控制器变量
1. 修改helloworld/controllers/hello.py,代码如下:
from helloworld.lib.base import *
class HelloController(BaseController):
def index(self):
return Response('hello world')
def serverinfo(self):
c.value = 2
return render_response('/serverinfo.myt') 2. 修改helloworld/templates/serverinfo.myt,代码如下:
The value of c.value is:
<% c.value %>
3. 访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello/serverinfo ,你将看到“The value of c.value is: 2”。
模版全局变量
.修改lib/app_globals.py,代码如下: 1class Globals(object):
def __init__(self, defaults, app, **extra):
self.message = 'Hello'
def __del__(self):
"""
Put any cleanup code to be run when the application finally exits
here.
"""
pass
2.修改helloworld/controllers/hello.py,代码如下:
from helloworld.lib.base import *
class HelloController(BaseController):
def index(self):
return Response('hello world')
def serverinfo(self):
c.value = 2
return render_response('/serverinfo.myt')
def app_globals_test(self):
resp = Response()
if g.message == 'Hello':
resp.write(g.message)
g.message = 'Hello World!'
else:
resp.write(g.message)
return resp
3.访问http://127.0.0.1:5000/hello/app_globals_test/ ,你将看到“Hello World!”
参考资料:http://pylonshq.com/docs/0.9.3/getting_started.html