centos7 RPM方式安装MySQL5.7

1、下载Linux对应的RPM包，CentOS7对应的RPM包，如下：

[root@node04 soft]# unzip mysql-5.7-centos7.zip 
Archive:  mysql-5.7-centos7.zip
 extracting: mysql-commercial-client-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-embedded-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-common-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-embedded-compat-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-devel-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-test-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-embedded-devel-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
 extracting: README.txt

     

2、检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）

[root@node04 soft]#rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb-*
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -e  mariadb-libs
否则有可能报错：
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh  mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mysql-commercial-common(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64

3、安装MySQL，安装有顺序

[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh  mysql-commercial-common-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-commercial-common-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-commercial-common-5.7.16-1.################################# [100%]
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh --force mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-commercial-libs-5.7.16-1.1.################################# [100%]
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh  mysql-commercial-client-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-commercial-client-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-commercial-client-5.7.16-1.################################# [100%]
测试预安装提示如下：
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh --test mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
net-tools is needed by mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64
注：需要依赖net-tools组件
[root@node04 soft]# yum install net-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: centos.ustc.edu.cn
 * epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
 * extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
 * updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==============================================================================================================================
 Package                     Arch                     Version                                    Repository              Size
==============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools                   x86_64                   2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7                   base                   304 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package
Total download size: 304 k
Installed size: 917 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                          | 304 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 2 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                  1/1 
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                  1/1 
Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7                                                                                 
Complete!
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh --test mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
[root@node04 soft]# rpm -ivh mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-commercial-server-5.7.16-1.################################# [100%]

4、备份my.cnf,重新初始化数据库,注意mysql5.7版本初始化会随机生成一个root登录的随机密码

[root@node04 sbin]#cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
[root@node04 sbin]# /usr/sbin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data --datadir=/data 
2016-11-18T05:49:59.052988Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: T=_GTj2Wroxm (root本地登录随机密码)


5、启动服务，修改root密码

[root@node04 sbin]# systemctl start  mysqld.service
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '12345678';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


6、安装后目录位置和内容

MySQL安装后涉及的目录如下：

目录目录中的内容

/usr/bin客户端程序和脚本

/usr/sbinMysqld服务器

/var/lib/mysql数据库的日志文件

/usr/share/info信息格式手册

/usr/share/manUnix 手册页

/usr/include/mysql包括 （标题） 的文件

/usr/lib/mysqlmysql的lib包

/usr/share/mysql杂项的支持文件，包括错误消息） 字符设置的文件，示例配置文件，SQL 数据库安装

/usr/share/sql-bench基准


默认字符集为：utf8_general_ci

mysql> show variables like '%collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_database   | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server     | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)