mysql 的编译安装：
一：确保环境的干净
1.卸载系统原先自带的mysql版本
[root@www ~]# rpm -q mysql
[root@www ~]# rpm -e
[root@www ~]# rpm -q mysql
package mysql is not installed小结：卸载的时候如果卸载不掉，系统一般会提示包的依赖关系，并且列出依赖的包的名称，先卸载提示依赖的包就可以了
2.卸载之前的mysql
[root@dbmaster ~]# ps aux | grep mysql
mysql 105124 0.0 0.0 113308 1628 ? Ss 3月15 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
mysql 105310 0.0 0.0 1186852 199088 ? Sl 3月15 26:43 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/data/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 158731 0.0 0.0 112728 984 pts/0 S+ 10:04 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@dbmaster ~]# ps aux | grep mysql | awk '{print $2}'
105124
105310
158761
[root@dbmaster ~]# ps aux | grep mysql | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -93.删除之前mysql安装的文件或目录
[root@dbmaster ~]# find / -name "mysql*"
find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: 权限不够
/sys/fs/selinux/booleans/mysql_connect_any
/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
............................
[root@dbmaster ~]# find / -name "mysql*" -exec rm -rf {} \;
[root@dbmaster ~]# find / -name "my.*" -exec rm -rf {} \;二、安装mysql5.7版本
1.确定自己的版本系统
[root@dbmaster ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
2.安装依赖包
yum -y install wget cmake gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel openssl openssl-devel
rpm -qa |grep libaio
yum install libaio libaio-devel
3.下载源码包
https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.25.tar.gz
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
注意：
Boost库是一个可移植、提供源代码的C++库，作为标准库的后备，是C++标准化进程的开发引擎之一。4.创建用户和建立数据目录并赋予用户目录权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/
chmod -R 755 /data/mysql/5.解压并开始安装
[root@dbslave ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.25.tar.gz
[root@dbslave ~]# cd mysql-5.7.25/
[root@dbslave mysql-5.7.25]# pwd
/root/mysql-5.7.25
[root@dbslave mysql-5.7.25]# tar -xf /root/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /root/mysql-5.7.25
[root@dbslave mysql-5.7.25]# ls
boost_1_59_0 cmake config.h.cmake dbug extra libbinlogevents libmysql man mysys_ssl rapid scripts storage testclients vio
BUILD CMakeLists.txt configure.cmake Docs include libbinlogstandalone libmysqld mysql-test packaging README sql strings unittest win
client cmd-line-utils COPYING Doxyfile-perfschema INSTALL libevent libservices mysys plugin regex sql-common support-files VERSION zlib
[root@dbslave mysql-5.7.25]#cmake . \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost_1_59_0/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=/usr/share/man \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
#############################
配置参数说明：
CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ：指定基础安装目录
MYSQL_DATADIR ：指定数据目录
SYSCONFDIR=/etc ：指定配置文件扫描目录
MYSQL_TCP_PORT ：指定端口号
WITH_BOOST ：指定boost所在目录
DEFAULT_CHARSET ：指定默认字符集
DEFAULT_COLLATION ：指定默认排序规则
ENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON ：是否为load data infile启用local
WITH_INNODB_MEMCACHED=ON :是否生成memcached共享库
提示：boost也可以使用如下指令自动下载，把下面参数添加到上面的命令里面
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1
注：
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 #支持嵌入式mysql服务器
-DWITH_SSL=system #使mysql支持证书登陆
############################7.编译&安装
[root@dbslave mysql-5.7.25]# make && make install
8.初始化数据库
[root@dbmaster mysql-5.7.25]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@dbmaster mysql]# mkdir mysql-files
[root@dbmaster mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql .
[root@dbmaster mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
建立MySQL配置文件my.cnf
注意：源文件要备份一份，然后清空一份文件，写入以下内容
[root@dbslave mysql-5.7.25]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data9.启动mysql
方法一：使用mysqld_safe
[root@dbmaster mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[root@dbslave mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 157556
[root@dbslave mysql]# Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/dbslave.err'.
2019-04-16T11:40:08.740986Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
^C
[root@dbslave mysql]# ps -aux | grep "mysql"
root 157556 0.0 0.0 113312 1644 pts/0 S 19:40 0:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
mysql 157653 1.4 0.0 1156836 174616 pts/0 Sl 19:40 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=dbslave.err --pid-file=dbslave.pid
root 157703 0.0 0.0 112724 988 pts/0 S+ 19:40 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql方法二：使用 mysql.server脚本(system V)
[root@dbmaster mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@dbmaster mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@dbmaster mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@dbmaster mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@dbmaster mysql]# ps aux |grep mysqld
root 274965 0.0 0.0 113312 1644 pts/2 S 19:31 0:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
mysql 275062 0.1 0.0 1156836 178368 pts/2 Sl 19:31 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=dbmaster.err --pid-file=dbmaster.pid
root 275582 0.0 0.0 112724 988 pts/2 S+ 19:34 0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld忘记MySQL密码：
MySQL 5.7.5 and earlier:
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
# service mysqld restart
# mysql
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password("456") where user="root" and host="localhost";
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> \q
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#skip-grant-table
# service mysqld restart
MySQL 5.7.6 and later:
[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables#免密登录
skip-grant-tables
[root@slave1 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@dbslave mysql]# mysql
bash: mysql: 未找到命令...
[root@dbslave mysql]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile
[root@dbslave mysql]# source /etc/profile####更改密码：
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('Cfgdcwhpmq2014') where user='root'
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)######
创建新用户
grant all privileges on *.* to vnum@'%' identified by 'vnum@123';更多细节请参考官方文档：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/updating-yum-repo.html