Kerberos+LDAP+NFSv4 实现单点登录(中)
五.nfs服务器的安装
1.安装nfs-kernel-serverroot@debian:~# apt-get install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common
修改/etc/default/nfs-kernel-server文件
将
NEED_SVCGSSD=""
改为
NEED_SVCGSSD="yes"
重启nfs-kernel-server
root@debian:~# /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server stop
root@debian:~# /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server startroot@debian:~# ps -e |grep gss
10275 ? 00:00:00 rpc.svcgssd2.安装libnss-ldapd、nslcd
为了获取ldap用户信息,要安装libnss-ldapd、nslcd
在新立得选上libnss-ldapd、nslcd会自动将libpam-ldapd、nscd、nslcd-utils三个包打上安装标记,可手工将该三个包去掉安装标记,不需此三个包
root@debian:~# apt-get install libnss-ldapd nslcd
注意安装nslcd配置过程中,提示输入LDAP服务器地址的输入框默认了uri ldapi:/// ,一定要将 ldapi 改为 ldap ,因为ldapi:///表示用在unix域
1)nslcd
安装过程中
ldap server uri 填 ldap://192.168.1.101/
ldap服务器搜索起点 填 dc=ctp,dc=net
查看配置文件
root@debian:~# cat /etc/nslcd.conf
#The user and group nslcd should run as.
uid nslcd
gid nslcd
#The location at which the LDAP server(s) should be reachable.
#填LDAP服务器地址,即kdc服务器地址
uri ldap://192.168.1.101/
#The search base that will be used for all queries.
base dc=ctp,dc=net
root@debian:~#2)libnss-ldapd
安装过程中
name services to configure 选 [*] passwd
新建测试目录root@debian:~# mkdir /home/linlin/share
将该目录属性改为用户ID及用户组ID都为4001,即为ldap用户krblinlin的uidNumber/gidNumber,但并在nfs客/服两主机本地不存在该ID用户root@debian:~# chown 4001:4001 /home/linlin/share
2.1)假定没选[*] passwd
linlin@debian:~$ ls -ld /home/linlin/share
drwxr-xr-x 2 4001 4001 4096 9月 18 21:13 /home/linlin/share则取不到ldap用户信息
2.2)可重设libnss-ldapd,选上[*] passwdroot@debian:~# dpkg-reconfigure libnss-ldapd
...
┌───────────┤ 正在设定 libnss-ldapd ├──────────────────────────┐
│ For this package to work, you need to modify the /etc/nsswitch.conf file to use the ldap datasource. │
│ You can select the services that should have LDAP lookups enabled. The new LDAP lookups will be added│
│as the last datasource. Be sure to review these changes. │
│ Name services to configure: │
│ [ ] hosts │
│ [ ] netgroup │
│ [ ] networks │
│ [*] passwd │
│ [ ] protocols
.../etc/nsswitch.conf: enable LDAP lookups for passwdroot@debian:~#
查看配置文件,可见passwd一行后添加了ldap
root@debian:~# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd: compat ldap
group: compat
shadow: compat
gshadow: files
hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns
networks: files
protocols: db files
services: db files
ethers: db files
rpc: db files
netgroup: nis
root@debian:~#linlin@debian:~$ ls -ld /home/linlin/share
drwxr-xr-x 2 krblinlin 4001 4096 9月 18 21:13 /home/linlin/share则已获取显示ldap用户信息,krblinlin为ldap用户,同时也是Kerberos用户
获取用户信息很重要,因为nfs客/服两端的认证用户信息要匹配,即两边的域+用户名要一致
注:本实验只获取ldap用户的用户名,无法获取ldap用户的所属用户组名(如上仍显示用户组ID 4001),但不影响实验效果
3.网络共享
本实验目的NFSv4认证采用安全性强的gss/krb5认证(Kerberos),而不是弱的系统认证(AUTH_SYS)
编辑/etc/exports文件
root@debian:~# cat /etc/exports
/home/linlin/share gss/krb5(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)
root@debian:~#执行导出root@debian:~# exportfs -r
查看导出
root@debian:~# exportfs -v
/home/linlin/share
gss/krb5(rw,wdelay,root_squash,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,root_squash,no_all_squash)
root@debian:~#4.问题解决
nfs服务器没有启动rpc.idmapd,导致nfs客户机没写权限
1)
root@debian:~# rpc.idmapd
rpc.idmapd: libnfsidmap: using (default) domain: ctp.net
rpc.idmapd: libnfsidmap: Realms list: 'CTP.NET'
rpc.idmapd: libnfsidmap: loaded plugin /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnfsidmap/nsswitch.so for method nsswitch
root@debian:~# ps -e|grep rpc
634 ? 00:00:00 rpciod
757 ? 00:00:00 rpcbind
1188 ? 00:00:00 rpc.svcgssd
1261 ? 00:00:00 rpc.mountd
root@debian:~#手工运行rpc.idmapd仍没启动rpc.idmapd
2)
原来nfs服务器的nfs-common要重启
root@debian:~# /etc/init.d/nfs-common stop
root@debian:~# /etc/init.d/nfs-common start
root@debian:~# ps -e|grep rpc
634 ? 00:00:00 rpciod
757 ? 00:00:00 rpcbind
14256 ? 00:00:00 rpc.svcgssd
14258 ? 00:00:00 rpc.mountd
15023 ? 00:00:00 rpc.statd
15041 ? 00:00:00 rpc.idmapd
root@debian:~#
nfs客户机已可写权限了