HBase shell详情
概述
HBase 为用户提供了一个非常方便的使用方式，我们称之为"HBase Shell"。
HBase Shell提供了大多数的HBase命令，通过HBase Shell用户可以方便地创建、删除及修改表，还可以向表中添加数据、列出表中的相关信息等。
备注：写错HBase Shell命令时用键盘上的"Ctrl+Backspace"进行删除，"Backspace" 不起作用，另外结尾不能有任何符号。
在启动HBase之后，用户可以通过下面的命令进入HBase Shell之中，命令如下图所示：
[root@liaozhongmin5 local]# hbase shell
HBase Shell; enter 'help' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 0.94.7, r1471806, Wed Apr 24 18:44:36 PDT 2013
hbase(main):001:0> 
一般操作
1.查看服务器状态
hbase(main):028:0> status
1 servers, 0 dead, 6.0000 average load
hbase(main):029:0> 2.查看HBase版本
hbase(main):029:0> version
0.94.7, r1471806, Wed Apr 24 18:44:36 PDT 2013
hbase(main):030:0> DDL操作
1.create 命令
创建一个具有三个列族"member_id"和"address"即"info"的表"member"，其中表名、行和列都要用单引号括起来，并以逗号隔开。
hbase(main):025:0> create 'member','member_id','address','info'
0 row(s) in 1.1320 seconds
hbase(main):026:0> 注：语句最后不能有分号，加入不小心多写了个分号，则可以使用qui命令退出错误控制台，如下：
hbase(main):030:0> list;
hbase(main):031:0*
hbase(main):032:0* qui
TABLE
member
membermember_id
scores
tb_myHbase
users
5 row(s) in 0.1300 seconds
NameError: undefined local variable or method `qui' for #
hbase(main):033:0> 2.list命令
查看当前HBase中具有哪些表
hbase(main):026:0> list
TABLE
member
scores
tb_myHbase
users
4 row(s) in 0.0520 seconds
hbase(main):027:0> 3.describe 命令
查看表的描述信息。
hbase(main):028:0> describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION ENABLED
'member', {NAME => 'address', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SC true
OPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP
_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE_ON_DISK => 'true', B
LOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME => 'info', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLI
CATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '21474836
47', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE_ON_DISK =>
'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME => 'member_id', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER =>
'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TT
L => '2147483647', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', ENCO
DE_ON_DISK => 'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
1 row(s) in 0.0320 seconds
hbase(main):029:0> 4.删除一个列族：disable，alter，enable
我们之前建了3个列族，如果觉得member_id这个列族是多余的，要将其删除。
alter 'member','delete'=>'member_id'会出现如下错误：
ERROR: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableNotDisabledException: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableNotDisabledException: memberhbase(main):004:0> disable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.0960 seconds
hbase(main):005:0> alter 'member','delete'=>'member_id'hbase(main):017:0> describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION ENABLED
'member', {NAME => 'address', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SC false
OPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '2147483647', KEEP
_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE_ON_DISK => 'true', B
LOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME => 'info', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLI
CATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', TTL => '21474836
47', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'false', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false', ENCODE_ON_DISK =>
'true', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
1 row(s) in 0.0490 seconds启用表
hbase(main):021:0> enable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.0860 seconds5.删除一个表 disable，drop
先disable表，再drop删除表，然后用list检查
hbase(main):022:0> disable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.1140 seconds
hbase(main):023:0> drop 'member'
0 row(s) in 1.1670 seconds
hbase(main):024:0> list
TABLE
scores
tb_myHbase
users
3 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds
hbase(main):025:0> 6.查询表是否存在
hbase(main):026:0> exists 'member'
Table member does not exist
0 row(s) in 0.0740 seconds
hbase(main):027:0> 7.判断表是否enable
hbase(main):028:0> is_enable 'users'
NoMethodError: undefined method `is_enable' for #
hbase(main):029:0> is_enabled 'users'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds
hbase(main):030:0> disable 'users'
0 row(s) in 2.0880 seconds
hbase(main):031:0> is_enabled 'users'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds
hbase(main):032:0> DML操作
1.插入数据
put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'
put 'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17
put 'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'
put 'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'
put 'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'
put 'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'
put 'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'
put 'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'
put 'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'
put 'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'
put 'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'
put 'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'
put 'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'
2.获取一条数据
hbase(main):012:0> get 'member','xiaofeng'
COLUMN CELL
address:city timestamp=1423056496524, value=jieyang
address:contry timestamp=1423056496475, value=china
address:province timestamp=1423056496496, value=guangdong
address:town timestamp=1423056499535, value=xianqiao
info:birthday timestamp=1423056496348, value=1987-4-17
info:company timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
info:favorite timestamp=1423056496386, value=movie
7 row(s) in 0.0780 seconds
hbase(main):013:0> 3.获取一条记录中某个列族的信息
hbase(main):013:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info'
COLUMN CELL
info:birthday timestamp=1423056496348, value=1987-4-17
info:company timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
info:favorite timestamp=1423056496386, value=movie
3 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> 4.获取一条记录的某个列族中的某个列的信息
hbase(main):015:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info:company'
COLUMN CELL
info:company timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
1 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
hbase(main):016:0> 5.更新一条记录
把xiaofeng的年龄改为25岁
hbase(main):001:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1423057077614, value=23
1 row(s) in 0.7080 seconds
hbase(main):002:0> put 'member','xiaofeng','info:age','25'
0 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds
hbase(main):003:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1423057248381, value=25
1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
hbase(main):004:0> 6.根据TimeStamp来获取记录
hbase(main):007:0> get 'member','xiaofeng',{column=>'info:age',timestamp=>1423057248381}
NameError: undefined local variable or method `column' for #
hbase(main):008:0> get 'member','xiaofeng',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1423057248381}
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1423057248381, value=25
1 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds 7.根据版本号获取记录
hbase(main):025:0> get 'member','xiaofeng',{COLUMN=>'info:company',VERSION=>3}
COLUMN CELL
info:company timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):026:0> 8.全表扫描
hbase(main):009:0> scan 'member'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
lavimer column=address:city, timestamp=1423056054519, value=ganzhou
lavimer column=info:name, timestamp=1423056214559, value=liaozhongmin
scutshuxue column=address:city, timestamp=1423056496301, value=hangzhou
scutshuxue column=address:contry, timestamp=1423056399271, value=china
scutshuxue column=address:province, timestamp=1423056496250, value=zhejiang
scutshuxue column=info:age, timestamp=1423056337733, value=24
scutshuxue column=info:birthday, timestamp=1423056367576, value=1987-06-17
scutshuxue column=info:company, timestamp=1423056370340, value=alibaba
xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1423056496524, value=jieyang
xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1423056496475, value=china
xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1423056496496, value=guangdong
xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1423056499535, value=xianqiao
xiaofeng column=info:age, timestamp=1423057248381, value=25
xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1423056496348, value=1987-4-17
xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1423056496386, value=movie
3 row(s) in 0.1090 seconds
hbase(main):010:0> 9.删除某条记录中某个列族的某个列
删除xiaofeng年龄这一列。
hbase(main):010:0> delete 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds
hbase(main):011:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0330 seconds
hbase(main):012:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info'
COLUMN CELL
info:birthday timestamp=1423056496348, value=1987-4-17
info:company timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
info:favorite timestamp=1423056496386, value=movie
3 row(s) in 0.0470 seconds
hbase(main):013:0> 10.删除整行
hbase(main):013:0> deleteall 'member','scutshuxue'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> scan 'member'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
lavimer column=address:city, timestamp=1423056054519, value=ganzhou
lavimer column=info:name, timestamp=1423056214559, value=liaozhongmin
xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1423056496524, value=jieyang
xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1423056496475, value=china
xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1423056496496, value=guangdong
xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1423056499535, value=xianqiao
xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1423056496348, value=1987-4-17
xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1423056496447, value=alibaba
xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1423056496386, value=movie
2 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds
hbase(main):015:0> 11.查询表中有多少行
hbase(main):015:0> count 'member'
2 row(s) in 0.2170 seconds
hbase(main):016:0> 12.给某条记录的某个列族增加一列并使用counter实现递增
hbase(main):018:0> incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 1
hbase(main):019:0> get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1423058331353, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01
1 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):021:0> incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
hbase(main):022:0> 13.获取当前count的值
hbase(main):022:0> get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
hbase(main):023:0> hbase(main):026:0> truncate 'member'
Truncating 'member' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Dropping table...
- Creating table...
0 row(s) in 5.5960 seconds
hbase(main):027:0> scan 'member'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
hbase(main):028:0>