centos安装网络repo源及错误说明

其实安装网络源很简单，但是今天遇到了个奇特的问题，折腾了几个小时。

先说下安装网络源的步骤：

修改CentOS默认yum源为mirrors.163.com

1、首先备份系统自带yum源配置文件/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[root@localhost ~] # mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

2、进入yum源配置文件所在的文件夹

[root@localhost ~] # cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

3、下载163的yum源配置文件到上面那个文件夹内

CentOS7

[root@localhost yum.repos.d] # wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

 
CentOS6

[root@localhost yum.repos.d] # wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

 
CentOS5

[root@localhost yum.repos.d] # wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo

4、运行yum makecache生成缓存

[root@localhost yum.repos.d] # yum makecache

5、这时候再更新系统就会看到以下mirrors.163.com信息

[root@localhost yum.repos.d] # yum -y update
已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
设置更新进程Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com

修改CentOS默认yum源为mirrors.aliyun.com
1、首先备份系统自带yum源配置文件/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[root@localhost ~] # mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

2、下载ailiyun的yum源配置文件到/etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS7

[root@localhost ~] # wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

CentOS6

[root@localhost ~] # wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

CentOS5

[root@localhost ~] # wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

 
3、运行yum makecache生成缓存

[root@localhost ~] # yum makecache

4、这时候再更新系统就会看到以下mirrors.aliyun.com信息

[root@localhost ~] # yum -y update
已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
设置更新进程Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

是不是很Easy！

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其实我也是按照这个步骤操作的，但是报了错：

[root@manager yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Error: File contains no section headers.
file: file:///etc/yum.repos.d/6CentOS-Base.repo, line: 1
'\r\n'

这是啥情况，问题在于你下载的不对，这里建议使用浏览器下载，然后上传至服务器。

[root@manager yum.repos.d]# file CentOS6-Base-163.repo 
CentOS6-Base-163.repo: ASCII English text

当你使用wget下载的时候，请确认下file出来是否为ASCII English text，必须是这个格式。

当然了，你可用另外一种方式装

 rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm 

你会发现又报错了，百思不得其解~~

[root@manager yum.repos.d]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
error: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.COfzVl: not an rpm package (or package manifest): 

还是相同的解决办法，在浏览器输入http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm，然后上传至服务器。

[root@manager yum.repos.d]# yum install fail2ban
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Determining fastest mirrors
epel                                                                                   | 4.2 kB     00:00     
http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno -1] Error importing repomd.xml for epel: Damaged repomd.xml file
Trying other mirror.
Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: epel. Please verify its path and try again

上述报错的一切一切的原因，今天终于找到了，在网络的出口有限制，导致异常，出问题时可以使用手机4G做热点试一试。