CentOS7.X搭建MySQL集群(互为主从)

原文链接： https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/601369

MySQL集群(双工、多工)

1. 参考链接
2. 参考链接

3. 准备2台服务器假设IP为

   # 192.168.0.11
   # 192.168.0.12

4. 安装前的准备

   yum install \
   lua \
   vim \
   git \
   gcc \
   gcc-c++ \
   wget \
   make \
   cmake \
   automake \
   autoconf \
   libaio \
   libtool \
   net-tools \
   bison-devel \
   libaio-devel \
   ncurses-devel \
   perl-Data-Dumper \
   -y

5. 获取源码资源包

   wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm

6. 安装源码资源包

   rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm

7. 通过资源包安装mysql

   yum install mysql-server -y

8. 修改my.conf

   > /etc/my.cnf
   
   vim /etc/my.cnf
   
   [client]
   default-character-set = utf8mb4
   
   [mysql]
   default-character-set = utf8mb4
   
   [mysqld]
   datadir=/data/mysql
   character-set-server=utf8mb4
   init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
   collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
   character-set-client-handshake=FALSE
   
   symbolic-links=0
   log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
   
   secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql-files
   sql-mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
   
   ESC
   :wq

9. 创建数据文件目录、所属组、用户改为mysql

   mkdir /data
   mkdir /data/mysql
   chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
   chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
   chown -R mysql:mysql /var/*/mysql*

10. 修改SELinux

    vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
    
    SELINUX=permissive
    
    ESC
    :wq
    
    setenforce 0

11. 启动数据库(2台服务器均执行)

    systemctl enable mysqld
    systemctl start mysqld
    cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep password
    # 结果显示
    A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: **************

12. 修改数据库初始密码(2台服务器均执行)

    mysql -u root -p
    # 输入原始密码
    **************
    # 设置允许使用弱密码
    SET GLOBAL validate_password_policy=0;
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '**************';
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY '**************' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    QUIT;

13. 初始化数据库(2台服务器均执行)

    # 如果是数据库【安装】则只执行下面这步(除了密码一律选择Y)
    mysql_secure_installation
    
    # 如果是数据库【升级】则只执行下面这步(**************表示数据库之前的密码)
    mysql_upgrade -u root -p
    **************

14. 修改集群相关配置

    vim /etc/my.cnf
    
    # 192.168.0.11
    server-id=1
    binlog-format=Row
    log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
    relay-log=localhost1-relay-bin
    
    # 192.168.0.12
    server-id=2
    binlog-format=Row
    log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
    relay-log=localhost2-relay-bin
    
    ESC
    :wq
    
    # 重启各服务器MySQL!重启各服务器MySQL!!重启各服务器MySQL!!!

15. 配置防火墙(2台服务器均执行)

    yum install firewalld -y
    systemctl enable firewalld
    systemctl start  firewalld
    firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
    firewall-cmd --reload

16. 创建服务器数据同步账号密码

    mysql -u root -p
    **************
    SET GLOBAL validate_password_policy=0;
    GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY '**************';
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

17. 从服务器中指定二进制文件路径

    # 这里如果是n台服务器，则1为2的MASTER，2为3的MASTER，(...)，n为1的MASTER。
    # 因为这里n=2，所以1为2的MASTER，2为1的MASTER
    # 192.168.0.11执行
    mysql -u root -p
    **************
    CHANGE MASTER TO
    MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.12',
    MASTER_USER='mysql',
    MASTER_PASSWORD='**************',
    MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
    MASTER_LOG_POS=600;
    
    # 192.168.0.12
    mysql -u root -p
    **************
    CHANGE MASTER TO
    MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.11',
    MASTER_USER='mysql',
    MASTER_PASSWORD='**************',
    MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
    MASTER_LOG_POS=600;
    
    # 重启各服务器MySQL!重启各服务器MySQL!!重启各服务器MySQL!!!
    
    SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
    
    # Slave_IO_Running:  Yes
    # Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
    # 表示配置成功！！！
    # 如果没成功，检查防火墙3306端口是否打开

18. 解决Slave_IO_Running: No

    # 显示相应服务器MASTER状态
    SHOW MASTER STATUS;
    # 修改MASTER状态配置
    CHANGE MASTER TO Master_Log_File = 'mysql-bin.000002', Master_Log_Pos = 154;
    
    # 重启各服务器MySQL!重启各服务器MySQL!!重启各服务器MySQL!!!

19. 分别在任意一台数据库服务器操作数据，看另一台是否发生了变化，如果发生相同变化，则数据库服务器集群搭建成功

MySQL官方不推荐mysql-proxy，以下内容仅供参考

1. 假设mysql-proxy服务器为192.168.0.13，则在该服务器执行如下操作

   cd ~
   wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz
   tar -zxvf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit.tar.gz
   mv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-el6-x86-64bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy
   vim /etc/profile
   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin
   ESC
   :wq
   source /etc/profile

2. 配置防火墙(mysql-proxy服务器执行)

   systemctl enable firewalld
   systemctl start  firewalld
   firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=4040/tcp
   firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=4041/tcp
   firewall-cmd --reload

3. 编写lua脚本

   vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/mysql-proxy.lua
   
   if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then
       proxy.global.config.rwsplit={
           min_idle_connections=1,
           max_idle_connections=1,
           is_debug=false
       }
   end
   
   ESC
   :wq

4. 编写mysql-proxy脚本

   vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/mysql-proxy.sh
   
   #!/bin/bash
   /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy \
   --proxy-address=192.168.0.13:4040 \
   --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.0.11:3306 \
   --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.0.12:3306 \
   --log-level=info \
   --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/mysql-proxy.lua \
   --log-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-proxy.log \
   --daemon
   
   ESC
   :wq
   
   chmod u+x /usr/local/mysql-proxy/mysql-proxy.sh
   /usr/local/mysql-proxy/mysql-proxy.sh

5. 查看运行情况

   ps aux | grep mysql-proxy

6. 测试读写分离(每台服务器都执行)

   SET GLOBAL general_log_file='/tmp/mysql.log';
   SET GLOBAL general_log=ON;
   tail -f /tmp/mysql.log
   SET GLOBAL general_log=OFF;

7. 领支付宝红包支持作者