Ubuntu18.04LTS下基于 Anaconda3 安装和编译 Caffe-GPU

这篇博客为在Ubuntu18.04上基于 Anaconda3 安装编译 Caffe-GPU的详细教程中第三步。由于教程之详细，放在一篇博客中影响阅读体验，所以按照安装顺序分为了三个部分，具体每一部分点开链接即可访问。

一、Ubuntu18.04下Anaconda3的安装与配置

二、Ubuntu18.04下安装Cudnn9.0和Cuda7.0

三、Ubuntu18.04下基于 Anaconda3 安装和编译 Caffe-GPU

---

---

在终端输入

sudo apt install caffe-cuda

1. 基本依赖库的安装

sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev
sudo apt-get install libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev

安装截图如下：

2. 配置

2.1. Clone源码

首先我们要从GitHub的远端下载caffe的源码

git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git

2.2. 配置Makefile.config文件

cd caffe
sudo cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config
sudo vim Makefile.config

vim编辑器中，在命令行输入set number ，回车，可以显示行号。
将第5行注释去除

USE_CUDNN:= 1

OPENCV_VERSION := 3

将第37和38行注释或者删除.
修改前：

修改后：

将第53行BLAS:= atlas注销,换成BLAS := open.

将Python2环境注销,换成Anaconda3下的Python环境.

对这句取消注释：

PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python-py36 python3.6m

将PYTHON_LIB:= /usr/lib注释
取消PYTHON_LIB:= $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib的注释

若要使用python来编写layer，则将#WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1取消注释.

将# Whatever else you find you need goes here.下面的代码修改

INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib  

修改为：

INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

vim命令行中输入：wq，可以保存并退出。

2.3. 配置Makefile文件

在终端输入：

sudo vim Makefile

做如下修改：

PYTHON_LIBRARIES ?= boost_python python2.7
修改为：
PYTHON_LIBRARIES ?= boost_python-py36 python3.6m

NVCCFLAGS +=-ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler-fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)
修改为：
NVCCFLAGS += -D_FORCE_INLINES -ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler -fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)

如图所示：

将：
LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf boost_system boost_filesystem m hdf5_hl hdf5
改为：
LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf boost_system boost_filesystem m hdf5_serial_hl hdf5_serial

3. Caffe源码中安装Python的必要项

在终端输入:

cd /home/li.guangyao/Programming/caffe/python 
pip install --upgrade python-dateutil
for req in $(cat requirements.txt); do pip install $req; done

此步可能会出现以下错误（如果没出现请忽略此步）：

pandas 0.22.0 has requirement python-dateutil>=2, but you'll have python-dateutil 1.5 which is incompatible.
matplotlib 2.1.2 has requirement python-dateutil>=2.1, but you'll have python-dateutil 1.5 which is incompatible.
jupyter-client 5.2.2 has requirement python-dateutil>=2.1, but you'll have python-dateutil 1.5 which is incompatible.
bokeh 0.12.13 has requirement python-dateutil>=2.1, but you'll have python-dateutil 1.5 which is incompatible.
anaconda-client 1.6.9 has requirement python-dateutil>=2.6.1, but you'll have python-dateutil 1.5 which is incompatible.

解决办法见：错误：pandas 0.23.3 has requirement python-dateutil>=2.5.0, but you’ll have python-dateutil 1.5解决方法

4. 编译

进入caffe的根目录下

cd /home/li.guangyao/Programming/caffe
sudo make clean
sudo make all -j16 		//-j16表示使用16核处理器执行当前指令

继续在终端执行：

sudo make test -j16       //最好加上sudo防止有些文件的访问权限不够

继续在终端执行：

sudo make runtest -j16         //最好加上sudo防止有些文件的访问权限不够

此步可能会出现以下错误（如果没出现请忽略此步）：

.build_release/tools/caffe
.build_release/tools/caffe: error while loading shared libraries: libhdf5_hl.so.100: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Makefile:545: recipe for target 'runtest' failed
make: *** [runtest] Error 127

解决办法见：完美解决错误：libhdf5_hl.so.100(XXX): cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory，Error127

继续在终端执行：

sudo make pycaffe -j16 		//配置pycaffe

结果如图：

在终端执行：

vim ~/.bashrc

在最后加入以下代码：

export PYTHONPATH=~/Programming/caffe/python:$PYTHONPATH

source ~/.bashrc

5. 验证测试

在终端输入Python，进行测试.
在命令行输入:

import caffe

回车。
此步可能出现以下错误(如果不报错，请忽略此步）

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/li.guangyao/Programming/caffe/python/caffe/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .pycaffe import Net, SGDSolver, NesterovSolver, AdaGradSolver, RMSPropSolver, AdaDeltaSolver, AdamSolver, NCCL, Timer
  File "/home/li.guangyao/Programming/caffe/python/caffe/pycaffe.py", line 13, in <module>
    from ._caffe import Net, SGDSolver, NesterovSolver, AdaGradSolver, \
ImportError: /home/li.guangyao/Programming/caffe/python/caffe/_caffe.so: undefined symbol: _ZN5boost6python6detail11init_moduleER11PyModuleDefPFvvE

错误原因：测试boost的版本，需要大于1.55.
解决方法见：
错误：caffe.so: undefined symbol: _ZN5boost6python6detail11init_moduleER11PyModuleDefPFvvE解决方法

Congratulations！Caffe-GPU编译成功！

如需查看上一步，请点击：

第二步：Ubuntu18.04下安装Cudnn9.0和Cuda7.0

---