【MySQL】误用关键字，保留字导致错误 ERROR 1064 (42000)

创建表时

mysql> CREATE TABLE department(d_id INT(10) PRIMARY KEY,
 -> d_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   -> function VARCHAR(20),
   -> address VARCHAR(30));

报错

ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; 
check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax
to use near 'function VARCHAR(20),
addre ss VARCHAR(30))' at line 3

原因：误用了保留字function

需要用时，需要在保留字两边加上反引号``(英文输入法tab键上方),不能用单引号

保留字列表

A

ACCESSIBLE ®

ACTION

ADD ®

AFTER

AGAINST

AGGREGATE

ALGORITHM

ALL ®

ALTER ®

ANALYZE ®

AND ®

ANY

AS ®

ASC ®

ASCII

ASENSITIVE ®

AT

AUTHORS

AUTOEXTEND_SIZE

AUTO_INCREMENT

AVG

AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

BACKUP

BEFORE ®

BEGIN

BETWEEN ®

BIGINT ®

BINARY ®

BINLOG

BIT

BLOB ®

BLOCK

BOOL

BOOLEAN

BOTH ®

BTREE

BY ®

BYTE

C

CACHE

CALL ®

CASCADE ®

CASCADED

CASE ®

CATALOG_NAME

CHAIN

CHANGE ®

CHANGED

CHAR ®

CHARACTER ®

CHARSET

CHECK ®

CHECKSUM

CIPHER

CLASS_ORIGIN

CLIENT

CLOSE

COALESCE

CODE

COLLATE ®

COLLATION

COLUMN ®

COLUMNS

COLUMN_NAME

COMMENT

COMMIT

COMMITTED

COMPACT

COMPLETION

COMPRESSED

CONCURRENT

CONDITION ®

CONNECTION

CONSISTENT

CONSTRAINT ®

CONSTRAINT_CATALOG

CONSTRAINT_NAME

CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA

CONTAINS

CONTEXT

CONTINUE ®

CONTRIBUTORS

CONVERT ®

CPU

CREATE ®

CROSS ®

CUBE

CURRENT_DATE ®

CURRENT_TIME ®

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ®

CURRENT_USER ®

CURSOR ®

CURSOR_NAME

D

DATA

DATABASE ®

DATABASES ®

DATAFILE

DATE

DATETIME

DAY

DAY_HOUR ®

DAY_MICROSECOND ®

DAY_MINUTE ®

DAY_SECOND ®

DEALLOCATE

DEC ®

DECIMAL ®

DECLARE ®

DEFAULT ®

DEFINER

DELAYED ®

DELAY_KEY_WRITE

DELETE ®

DESC ®

DESCRIBE ®

DES_KEY_FILE

DETERMINISTIC ®

DIRECTORY

DISABLE

DISCARD

DISK

DISTINCT ®

DISTINCTROW ®

DIV ®

DO

DOUBLE ®

DROP ®

DUAL ®

DUMPFILE

DUPLICATE

DYNAMIC

E

EACH ®

ELSE ®

ELSEIF ®

ENABLE

ENCLOSED ®

END

ENDS

ENGINE

ENGINES

ENUM

ERROR; added in 5.5.3 (nonreserved)

ERRORS

ESCAPE

ESCAPED ®

EVENT

EVENTS

EVERY

EXECUTE

EXISTS ®

EXIT ®

EXPANSION

EXPLAIN ®

EXTENDED

EXTENT_SIZE

F

FALSE ®

FAST

FAULTS

FETCH ®

FIELDS

FILE

FIRST

FIXED

FLOAT ®

FLOAT4 ®

FLOAT8 ®

FLUSH

FOR ®

FORCE ®

FOREIGN ®

FOUND

FRAC_SECOND; removed in 5.5.3

FROM ®

FULL

FULLTEXT ®

FUNCTION

G

GENERAL; added in 5.5.3 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.5.8

GEOMETRY

GEOMETRYCOLLECTION

GET_FORMAT

GLOBAL

GRANT ®

GRANTS

GROUP ®

H

HANDLER

HASH

HAVING ®

HELP

HIGH_PRIORITY ®

HOST

HOSTS

HOUR

HOUR_MICROSECOND ®

HOUR_MINUTE ®

HOUR_SECOND ®

I

IDENTIFIED

IF ®

IGNORE ®

IGNORE_SERVER_IDS; became nonreserved in 5.5.8

IMPORT

IN ®

INDEX ®

INDEXES

INFILE ®

INITIAL_SIZE

INNER ®

INNOBASE; removed in 5.5.3

INNODB; removed in 5.5.3

INOUT ®

INSENSITIVE ®

INSERT ®

INSERT_METHOD

INSTALL

INT ®

INT1 ®

INT2 ®

INT3 ®

INT4 ®

INT8 ®

INTEGER ®

INTERVAL ®

INTO ®

INVOKER

IO

IO_THREAD

IPC

IS ®

ISOLATION

ISSUER

ITERATE ®

J

JOIN ®

K

KEY ®

KEYS ®

KEY_BLOCK_SIZE

KILL ®

L

LANGUAGE

LAST

LEADING ®

LEAVE ®

LEAVES

LEFT ®

LESS

LEVEL

LIKE ®

LIMIT ®

LINEAR ®

LINES ®

LINESTRING

LIST

LOAD ®

LOCAL

LOCALTIME ®

LOCALTIMESTAMP ®

LOCK ®

LOCKS

LOGFILE

LOGS

LONG ®

LONGBLOB ®

LONGTEXT ®

LOOP ®

LOW_PRIORITY ®

M

MASTER

MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY

MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD; became nonreserved in 5.5.8

MASTER_HOST

MASTER_LOG_FILE

MASTER_LOG_POS

MASTER_PASSWORD

MASTER_PORT

MASTER_SERVER_ID

MASTER_SSL

MASTER_SSL_CA

MASTER_SSL_CAPATH

MASTER_SSL_CERT

MASTER_SSL_CIPHER

MASTER_SSL_KEY

MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT ®

MASTER_USER

MATCH ®

MAXVALUE ®

MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR

MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR

MAX_ROWS

MAX_SIZE

MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR

MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS

MEDIUM

MEDIUMBLOB ®

MEDIUMINT ®

MEDIUMTEXT ®

MEMORY

MERGE

MESSAGE_TEXT

MICROSECOND

MIDDLEINT ®

MIGRATE

MINUTE

MINUTE_MICROSECOND ®

MINUTE_SECOND ®

MIN_ROWS

MOD ®

MODE

MODIFIES ®

MODIFY

MONTH

MULTILINESTRING

MULTIPOINT

MULTIPOLYGON

MUTEX

MYSQL_ERRNO

N

NAME

NAMES

NATIONAL

NATURAL ®

NCHAR

NDB

NDBCLUSTER

NEW

NEXT

NO

NODEGROUP

NONE

NOT ®

NO_WAIT

NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ®

NULL ®

NUMERIC ®

NVARCHAR

O

OFFSET

OLD_PASSWORD

ON ®

ONE

ONE_SHOT

OPEN

OPTIMIZE ®

OPTION ®

OPTIONALLY ®

OPTIONS

OR ®

ORDER ®

OUT ®

OUTER ®

OUTFILE ®

OWNER

P

PACK_KEYS

PAGE

PARSER

PARTIAL

PARTITION

PARTITIONING

PARTITIONS

PASSWORD

PHASE

PLUGIN

PLUGINS

POINT

POLYGON

PORT

PRECISION ®

PREPARE

PRESERVE

PREV

PRIMARY ®

PRIVILEGES

PROCEDURE ®

PROCESSLIST

PROFILE

PROFILES

PROXY; added in 5.5.7 (nonreserved)

PURGE ®

Q

QUARTER

QUERY

QUICK

R

RANGE ®

READ ®

READS ®

READ_ONLY

READ_WRITE ®

REAL ®

REBUILD

RECOVER

REDOFILE

REDO_BUFFER_SIZE

REDUNDANT

REFERENCES ®

REGEXP ®

RELAY; added in 5.5.3 (nonreserved)

RELAYLOG

RELAY_LOG_FILE

RELAY_LOG_POS

RELAY_THREAD

RELEASE ®

RELOAD

REMOVE

RENAME ®

REORGANIZE

REPAIR

REPEAT ®

REPEATABLE

REPLACE ®

REPLICATION

REQUIRE ®

RESET

RESIGNAL ®

RESTORE

RESTRICT ®

RESUME

RETURN ®

RETURNS

REVOKE ®

RIGHT ®

RLIKE ®

ROLLBACK

ROLLUP

ROUTINE

ROW

ROWS

ROW_FORMAT

RTREE

S

SAVEPOINT

SCHEDULE

SCHEMA ®

SCHEMAS ®

SCHEMA_NAME

SECOND

SECOND_MICROSECOND ®

SECURITY

SELECT ®

SENSITIVE ®

SEPARATOR ®

SERIAL

SERIALIZABLE

SERVER

SESSION

SET ®

SHARE

SHOW ®

SHUTDOWN

SIGNAL ®

SIGNED

SIMPLE

SLAVE

SLOW; added in 5.5.3 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.5.8

SMALLINT ®

SNAPSHOT

SOCKET

SOME

SONAME

SOUNDS

SOURCE

SPATIAL ®

SPECIFIC ®

SQL ®

SQLEXCEPTION ®

SQLSTATE ®

SQLWARNING ®

SQL_BIG_RESULT ®

SQL_BUFFER_RESULT

SQL_CACHE

SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS ®

SQL_NO_CACHE

SQL_SMALL_RESULT ®

SQL_THREAD

SQL_TSI_DAY

SQL_TSI_FRAC_SECOND; removed in 5.5.3

SQL_TSI_HOUR

SQL_TSI_MINUTE

SQL_TSI_MONTH

SQL_TSI_QUARTER

SQL_TSI_SECOND

SQL_TSI_WEEK

SQL_TSI_YEAR

SSL ®

START

STARTING ®

STARTS

STATUS

STOP

STORAGE

STRAIGHT_JOIN ®

STRING

SUBCLASS_ORIGIN

SUBJECT

SUBPARTITION

SUBPARTITIONS

SUPER

SUSPEND

SWAPS

SWITCHES

T

TABLE ®

TABLES

TABLESPACE

TABLE_CHECKSUM

TABLE_NAME

TEMPORARY

TEMPTABLE

TERMINATED ®

TEXT

THAN

THEN ®

TIME

TIMESTAMP

TIMESTAMPADD

TIMESTAMPDIFF

TINYBLOB ®

TINYINT ®

TINYTEXT ®

TO ®

TRAILING ®

TRANSACTION

TRIGGER ®

TRIGGERS

TRUE ®

TRUNCATE

TYPE

TYPES

U

UNCOMMITTED

UNDEFINED

UNDO ®

UNDOFILE

UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE

UNICODE

UNINSTALL

UNION ®

UNIQUE ®

UNKNOWN

UNLOCK ®

UNSIGNED ®

UNTIL

UPDATE ®

UPGRADE

USAGE ®

USE ®

USER

USER_RESOURCES

USE_FRM

USING ®

UTC_DATE ®

UTC_TIME ®

UTC_TIMESTAMP ®

V

VALUE

VALUES ®

VARBINARY ®

VARCHAR ®

VARCHARACTER ®

VARIABLES

VARYING ®

VIEW

W

WAIT

WARNINGS

WEEK

WHEN ®

WHERE ®

WHILE ®

WITH ®

WORK

WRAPPER

WRITE ®

X

X509

XA

XML

XOR ®

Y

YEAR

YEAR_MONTH ®

Z

ZEROFILL ®

MySQL 5.5 New Keywords and Reserved Words
The following list shows the keywords and reserved words that are added in MySQL 5.5, compared to MySQL 5.1. Reserved keywords are marked with ®.
C

CATALOG_NAME

CLASS_ORIGIN

COLUMN_NAME

CONSTRAINT_CATALOG

CONSTRAINT_NAME

CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA

CURSOR_NAME

E

ERROR

G

GENERAL

I

IGNORE_SERVER_IDS

M

MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD

MESSAGE_TEXT

MYSQL_ERRNO

P

PROXY

R

RELAY

RELAYLOG

RESIGNAL ®

S

SCHEMA_NAME

SIGNAL ®

SLOW

SUBCLASS_ORIGIN

T

TABLE_NAME

X

XML

参考网址：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/keywords.html#keywords-5-5-detailed-S