环境与工具:
虚拟机:VMware 12 Pro
操作系统:CentOS6.8
MySQL版本:mysql-5.7.23
操作Linux的工具:Xshell 5
安装之前,先删除系统存在的MySQL组件:
查询mysql组件:rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
删除组件:rpm -ev mysql-libs-5.1.73-7.el6.x86_64 --nodeps
1.官网下载MySQL安装包(选择与自己操作系统对应的版本):
MySQL下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
2.利用工具Xshell 5连接到Linux系统,并把MySQL安装包上传到/usr/local/java目录下:
创建java目录:mkdir /usr/local/java
切换到java目录下: cd /usr/local/java
上传MySQL安装包: rz (如没有该命令,先安装:yum install lrzsz)
3.解压MySQL安装包:
解压:tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz (如没有该命令,先安装:yum -y install tar)
4.重命名为mysql-5.7.23:
mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.23
5.添加data文件夹:
mkdir /usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/data
6.创建用户组mysql:
groupadd mysql
7.创建用户mysql添加进用户组mysql:
useradd -r -g mysql mysql-5.7.23 (-r标识系统内部用户)
8.给用户mysql赋予文件夹mysql-5.7.23访问权限:
chown -R mysql /usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23
9.给用户组mysql赋予文件夹mysql-5.7.23访问权限:
chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23
10.在/var/log目录下创建配置文件mysqld.log,后:wq保存退出:
vim /var/log/mysqld.log
11.给文件mysqld.log赋予访问权限:
chmod 777 /var/log/mysqld.log
chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld.log
12.在/var/run目录下创建文件夹mysqld,并赋予访问权限:
cd /var/run
mkdir mysqld
chmod 777 mysqld
13.在/var/run/mysqld目录下创建文件mysqld.pid,后:wq保存退出:
cd /var/run/mysqld
vim mysqld.pid
14.给文件mysqld.pid赋予访问权限:
chmod 777 mysqld.pid
chown mysql:mysql mysqld.pid
15.在/etc目录下创建配置文件my.cnf,并添加如下内容,后:wq保存退出:
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
basedir=/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23
datadir=/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
#skip-grant-tables
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
max_connections=5000
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
16.初始化数据库(先安装yum install libaio,不然初始化有可能会报错):
/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23 --datadir=/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/data --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/share --lc_messages=en_US
17.查看初始密码,并复制下来,做登录使用:
cat /var/log/mysqld.log
18.启动mysql服务:
/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/support-files/mysql.server start
或者:
cp /usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld
service mysqld start
19.登录mysql数据库,输入之前复制的密码:
/usr/local/java/mysql-5.7.23/bin/mysql -uroot -p
20.登录成功后,修改root密码为123456:
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost'IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
21.设置允许远程连接:
use mysql;
update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
flush privileges;
22.设置开机启动:
#将服务文件拷贝到init.d下,并重命名为mysql:
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#赋予可执行权限:
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
#添加服务:
chkconfig --add mysqld
#显示服务列表:
chkconfig --list
#如果看到mysql的服务,并且3,4,5都是on的话则成功,如果是off,则输入:
chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
#重启电脑:
reboot
#验证:
netstat -na | grep 3306
附开启或关闭防火墙:
1. 永久性生效:
开启:chkconfig iptables on
关闭:chkconfig iptables off
2. 即时生效,重启后失效:
开启:service iptables start
关闭:service iptables stop