Ubuntu / Kali / CentOS: 网络配置

Author: Xu FC

Ubuntu 网络配置

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• OS： Ubuntu 16.04.1
• IP地址、默认网关、静态路由 和 dns-namesevers 配置: vi /etc/network/interfaces

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto ens32
iface ens32 inet static
address 172.16.77.63
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcase 172.16.77.255

auto ens33
iface ens33 inet static
address 178.1.1.61
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcase 178.1.1.255

gateway 172.16.77.1
up route add -net 179.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 178.1.1.1 dev ens33
down route del -net 179.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 178.1.1.1 dev ens33

dns-nameservers 192.168.80.10

• 重启系统: reboot

• 查看IP地址: ip add

1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens32:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:15:ee:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.77.63/24 brd 172.16.77.255 scope global ens32
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe15:eeaf/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens33:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:15:ee:b9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 179.1.1.63/24 brd 179.1.1.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe15:eeb9/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: ens34:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:15:ee:c3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: ens35:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:15:ee:cd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
root@ads_test_server_1:/home/test# 

• 查看路由: ip route

default via 172.16.77.1 dev ens32 onlink 
169.254.0.0/16 dev ens32  scope link  metric 1000 
172.16.77.0/24 dev ens32  proto kernel  scope link  src 172.16.77.61 
178.1.1.0/24 dev ens33  proto kernel  scope link  src 178.1.1.61 
179.1.1.0/24 via 178.1.1.1 dev ens33 

• 查看 DNS server: nslookup

root@ads_test_server_1:/home/test# nslookup
> server
Default server: 192.168.80.10
Address: 192.168.80.10#53
> 

Kali 网络配置

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• OS: Linux server2 4.15.0-kali2-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.15.11-1kali1 (2018-03-21) x86_64 GNU/Linux

IP地址、默认网关、静态路由 配置

• 编辑 interfaces 配置文件: vi /etc/network/interfaces

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 172.16.2.22
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcase 172.16.2.255
gateway 172.16.2.1

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 179.2.1.22
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcase 179.2.1.255

up route add -net 178.2.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 179.2.1.1 dev eth0
down route del -net 178.2.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 179.2.1.1 dev eth0

• 重启: reboot
• 查看 IP地址: ip add

1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b9:ab:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 179.2.1.22/24 brd 179.2.1.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb9:ab81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b9:ab:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.2.22/24 brd 172.16.2.255 scope global eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb9:ab8b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

• 查看路由: ip route

default via 172.16.2.1 dev eth1 onlink 
172.16.2.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.2.22 
178.2.1.0/24 via 179.2.1.1 dev eth0 
179.2.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 179.2.1.22 

dns-nameservers 配置

• dns-nameservers 配置: vi /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 192.168.80.10

• 重启: reboot
• 查看 nameserver 是否配置成功

root@server2:~# nslookup
> server
Default server: 192.168.80.10
Address: 192.168.80.10#53

CentOS 网络配置

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• OS: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)

IP地址配置 和 默认网关 配置

• 查看 interface name: ip add
• 编辑相应 interface 的 ifcfg 文件 ifcfg-interface-name: vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens256

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=172.16.2.17
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=172.16.2.1
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens256
UUID=e09ba4bf-441c-4d7d-a518-fc9be7af6083
DEVICE=ens256
ONBOOT=yes

• 重启 network 服务: /etc/init.d/network restart
• 查看 IP 地址: ip address show ens256

4: ens256:  mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b5:cc:4d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.2.17/24 brd 172.16.2.255 scope global ens256
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::3a02:56a6:59e4:a7a0/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

• 查看默认网关: ip route

default via 172.16.2.1 dev ens256 proto static metric 100 
172.16.2.0/24 dev ens256 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.2.17 metric 100 

静态路由配置

• 查看 interface name: ip add
• 编辑相应 interface 的 route 文件 route-interface-name: vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens256

10.0.0.0/8 via 172.16.2.1 dev ens256

• 重启: reboot
• 查看路由: ip route

10.0.0.0/8 via 172.16.2.1 dev ens256 proto static metric 100 

dns-namesevers 配置

• dns-nameservers 配置: vi /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 192.168.80.10

• 重启: reboot
• 查看 nameserver 是否配置成功

[root@localhost etc]# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.57.216) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.57.216 (220.181.57.216): icmp_seq=1 ttl=49 time=6.27 ms
64 bytes from 220.181.57.216 (220.181.57.216): icmp_seq=2 ttl=49 time=7.19 ms