CentOS7静默安装oracle12c
操作系统：
官网下载镜像CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1708.iso。安装步骤略。
[root@oracle01 ~]# uname -m x86_64 [root@oracle01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
安装前配置：
1. 修改主机名 [root@oracle01 ~]#sed -i "s/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=oracle01.cn/" /etc/sysconfig/network 2.修改hosts文件 [root@oracle01 ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.147.139 oracle01.cn 2.关闭selinux [root@oracle01 ~]#sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config [root@oracle01 ~]#setenforce 0
yum安装必要安装包：
[root@oracle01 ~]#yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*i686 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.devel libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.devel libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686
[root@oracle01 ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel #检查是否安装成功
创建用户和组
1.创建oinstall和dba组 [root@oracle01 ~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall [root@oracle01 ~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd dba 2.创建oracle用户 [root@oracle01 ~]#/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle 3.设置oracle密码 [root@oracle01 ~]#passwd oracle 4.查看创建结果 [root@docker ~]# id oracle uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)
修改内核参数
[root@oracle01 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf # sysctl settings are defined through files in # /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/. # # Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/. # To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in # /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override # only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later # name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. # # For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5). fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 #最低：536870912，最大值：比物理内存小1个字节的值，建议超过物理内存的一半 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 让配置生效 [root@oracle01 ~]#/sbin/sysctl -p
修改用户限制
[root@oracle01 ~]#vim /etc/security/limits.conf #在末尾添加 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 10240
在/etc/pam.d/login 文件中，使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
在/etc/profile 文件中，使用文本编辑器或vi命令增加或修改以下内容
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi
[root@oracle01 ~]#source /etc/profile #使配置生效
创建相关目录
[root@oracle01 ~]#mkdir -p /u01/app/ [root@oracle01 ~]#chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ [root@oracle01 ~]#chmod -R 775 /u01/app/
配置oracle用户环境变量
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$ vim ~/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$source ~/.bash_profile #使配置生效
把oracle软件解压后共享，挂载
[root@oracle01 ~]# su - oracle [oracle@oracle01 ~]$ mkdir oradb #新建目录用于挂载 [root@oracle01 ~]#mount -t cifs -o username=administrator,password=12345678 //132.122.239.148/Oracle12CLinuxX64 /home/oracle/oradb [root@oracle01 ~]# ls /home/oracle/oradb database
复制响应模板
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$mkdir etc [oracle@oracle01 ~]$cp /home/oracle/oradb/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/ [oracle@oracle01 ~]$ls etc dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
设置权限
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$su - root
[root@oracle01 ~]#chmod 700 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp
静默安装配置
su - oracle
修改安装Oracle软件的响应文件/home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY // 安装类型 ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle01 // 主机名称（hostname查询） UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall // 安装组 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory //INVENTORY目录（不填就是默认值） SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW // 选择语言 ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1 //oracle_home ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle //oracle_base oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE // oracle版本 oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false //自定义安装，否，使用默认组件 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba / / dba用户组 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall // oper用户组 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //数据库类型 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl //globalDBName oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl//SID oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 //自动管理内存的内存(M) oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码 SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false //（手动写了false） DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true //设置安全更新
开始安装
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$tail -f -n 10 /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2018-02-06_02-39-59AM.log
出现类似如下提示表示安装完成：
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
按照提示执行相关脚本 [oracle@oracle01 ~]$su - root [root@oracle01 ~]#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh [root@oracle01 ~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1/root.sh
修改oracle环境变量
su - oracle vim ~/.bash_profile #for oracle export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_SID=orcl export ROACLE_PID=oral12 #export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1 export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8" export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8" export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
配置监听程序
[oracle@oracle01 ~]#netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
启动监听程序
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 06-2月 -2018 04:06:17 Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved. 启动/u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: 请稍候... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production 系统参数文件为/u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora 写入/u01/app/oarcle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle01/listener/alert/log.xml的日志信息 监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle01.cn)(PORT=1521))) 监听: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) 正在连接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle01.cn)(PORT=1521))) LISTENER 的 STATUS ------------------------ 别名 LISTENER 版本 TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production 启动日期 06-2月 -2018 04:06:19 正常运行时间 0 天 0 小时 0 分 0 秒 跟踪级别 off 安全性 ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF 监听程序参数文件 /u01/app/oracle/product/12/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora 监听程序日志文件 /u01/app/oarcle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle01/listener/alert/log.xml 监听端点概要... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle01.cn)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) 监听程序不支持服务 命令执行成功
静默建库
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$ vim etc/dbca.rsp [GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "12.1.0" OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" [CREATEDATABASE] GDBNAME = "orcl" SID = "dbsrv2" TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
执行建库
[oracle@oracle01 ~]$ dbca -silent -responseFile etc/dbca.rsp Enter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 57% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 74% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete
安装至此完成。
转自： https://www.cnblogs.com/Jace06/p/8423189.html