8.3----Docker 部署应用-Mysql8.0

10.1 Docker部署应用-Mysql8.0

推荐Mysql8.0, 其拥有更多新特性,如支持NO SQL,原生分布式, 支持UTF8-mb4, 取消了myisam. 最重要是性能大幅提升.

安装环境

Linux系统：Ubuntu 16.04
docker版本：18.09.5
mysql版本: 8.0.16

部署思路

1. OS切换到root用户,并启动docker

$ su root
$ docker pull mysql:8.0.16

2. 拉取mysql 8.0 镜像

docker pull mysql:8.0.16

root@instance-o70no2nw:~# su root
root@instance-o70no2nw:~# docker pull mysql:8.0.16
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
27833a3ba0a5: Pull complete 
864c283b3c4b: Pull complete 
cea281b2278b: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:f5f78fe2054b4686da3fddb460eab0b53d04e067c977d6a02fcb5ec25375ed15
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:8.0.16

3. 创建并启动容器 (重要)

思路：Mysql可用,需保以下几点：

1. 端口开放：3306对外开放 -> 需映射端口
2. 数据持久化：配置文件、存储信息不丢失 -> 需挂载本地卷
3. 支持中文：设置编码参数 -> 设置参数
4. 初始化ROOT密码：-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root
5. 永不停机: restart=always
6. 守护态运行: -d

基于以上思路, Mysql容器创建命令如下：

$ docker run \
--name mysql \
--restart=always \
-p 3306:3306 \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-d mysql:8.0.16 \
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 \
--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

到此结束

小技巧

如何将容器的文件复制到宿主机

缘起：创建Mysql容器时,我们将宿主机目录挂载到容器配置目录上,
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d
这会导致一些问题。 因为宿主目录是空的，容器的原有配置信息也被清空，引申出一个问题，如何将Mysql容器的conf.d/mysql.cnf复制出来.

目标: 将容器中的文件复制到宿主机
思路： 创建一个临时Mysql容器->将该容器的配置文件复制到宿主目的卷->销毁该临时容器-> 重新执行Mysql容器创建命令

操作

• 进入宿主机的挂载卷目录 /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf
• 拷贝命令：docker cp mysql:/etc/mysql .

但是,针对Mysql8.0,没必要,没必要,没必要，

因为 mysql.cnf是空的… 具体验证如下：

1. 先启动一个临时MYSQL容器并进入

$ docker run -it --rm mysql:8.0.16 bash

• /etc/mysql/my.cnf

root@200a86d29e7c:/etc/mysql# cat my.cnf
# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

• /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

root@200a86d29e7c:/etc/mysql/conf.d# ls
docker.cnf  mysql.cnf
root@200a86d29e7c:/etc/mysql/conf.d# cat mysql.cnf 
# Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0,
# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is also distributed with certain software (including
# but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms,
# as designated in a particular file or component or in included license
# documentation.  The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional
# permission to link the program and your derivative works with the
# separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301  USA

#
# The MySQL  Client configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysql]
root@200a86d29e7c:/etc/mysql/conf.d# 

其他资料

• 官方指南：Docker Hub for Mysql

• mysql8 ：客户端连接caching-sha2-password问题

在安装mysql8的时候如果选择了密码加密，之后用客户端连接比如navicate，会提示客户端连接caching-sha2-password,是由于客户端不支持这种插件，可以通过如下方式进行修改

 #修改加密规则  
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; 
#更新密码（mysql_native_password模式）    
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '{NewPassword}';