关于中国大学MOOC课程《python语言程序设计》（嵩天）实例11：自动轨迹绘制 报SyntaxError: invalid character in identifier错误的解决方法及原因
首先，该课程实例11的内容为自动绘制轨迹
课程所给定的代码如下
#AutoTraceDraw.py
import turtle as t
t.title('自动轨迹绘制')
t.setup(800,600,0,0)
t.pencolor("red")
t.pensize(5)
#数据读取
datals=[]
f=open("data.txt")
for line in f:
line=line.replace("\n","")
datals.append(list(map(eval, line.split(",")))
f.close()
#自动绘制
for i in range(len(datals)):
t.pencolor(datals[i][3],datals[i][4],datals[i][5])
t.fd(datals[i][0])
if datals[i][1]:
t.right(datals[i][2])
else:
t.left(datals[i][2])data.txt文本内容为
300,0,144,1,0,0
300,0,144,0,1,0
300,0,144,0,0,1
300,0,144,1,1,0
300,0,108,0,1,1
184,0,72,1,0,1
184,0,72,0,0,0
184,0,72,0,0,0
184,0,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,1,0,1
184,1,72,1,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0代码全部敲进去，首次运行，提示报错
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "F:/PycharmProjects/untitled/1.py", line 10, in
for line in f:
UnicodeDecodeError: 'gbk' codec can't decode byte 0xbf in position 2: illegal multibyte sequence 这里问题主要出在第10行代码
f=open("data.txt")通过查找资料，原因可能是python识别不了txt文件的编码，这里需要声明一下
可以修改为
f=open("data.txt",encoding="utf-8")再次运行，依然报错（这个错误也就是本文要说的主要问题，我花了一天的时间查找资料，反复尝试才找到解决办法），错误提示为：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "F:/PycharmProjects/untitled/1.py", line 12, in
datals.append(list(map(eval, line.split(","))))
File "" , line 1
300
^
SyntaxError: invalid character in identifier 这个问题我一直没有解决办法，于是只有将下面这行语句逐渐拆分出来查找原因
datals.append(list(map(eval, line.split(",")))初步分析这个问题出在
line.split(",")对每行的拆分上，于是我用了简易程序来测试，测试程序如下
datals=[]
f=open("data.txt",encoding="utf-8")
for line in f:
line=line.replace("\n","")
datals=list(line)
print(datals)
f.close()测试结果如下
"F:\Program Files\Python35\python.exe" F:/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1.py
300,0,144,1,0,0
300,0,144,0,1,0
300,0,144,0,0,1
300,0,144,1,1,0
300,0,108,0,1,1
184,0,72,1,0,1
184,0,72,0,0,0
184,0,72,0,0,0
184,0,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,1,0,1
184,1,72,1,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
184,1,72,0,0,0
Process finished with exit code 0看似没有问题
然后将上面程序扩展
datals=[]
f=open("data.txt",encoding="utf-8")
for line in f:
line=line.replace("\n","")
datals=list(line)
print(datals)
f.close()测试列表输出，结果为
"F:\Program Files\Python35\python.exe" F:/PycharmProjects/untitled/test1.py
['\ufeff', '3', '0', '0', ',', '0', ',', '1', '4', '4', ',', '1', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['3', '0', '0', ',', '0', ',', '1', '4', '4', ',', '0', ',', '1', ',', '0']
['3', '0', '0', ',', '0', ',', '1', '4', '4', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '1']
['3', '0', '0', ',', '0', ',', '1', '4', '4', ',', '1', ',', '1', ',', '0']
['3', '0', '0', ',', '0', ',', '1', '0', '8', ',', '0', ',', '1', ',', '1']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '0', ',', '7', '2', ',', '1', ',', '0', ',', '1']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '0', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '0', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '0', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '1', ',', '0', ',', '1']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '1', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
['1', '8', '4', ',', '1', ',', '7', '2', ',', '0', ',', '0', ',', '0']
Process finished with exit code 0很明的可以看出，上面出现了’\ufeff’这样一个不应该出现的代码
看来问题出在这里，于是度娘查找解决办法
可参见https://www.cnblogs.com/chongzi1990/p/8694883.html
简单来说解决办法就是将第11行的代码
f=open("data.txt",encoding="utf-8")进一步修改为
f=open("data.txt",encoding="utf-8-sig")关于utf-8与utf-8-sig的简要解释可以参见https://blog.csdn.net/dumeichen/article/details/42124121
至此，该问题圆满解决，终于见到如课程所要展示的图案了