docker环境搭建

centos虚拟机安装

官网下载镜像
    https://www.centos.org/download/
选择Minimal ISO
    http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso
下载完成后镜像文件名
    CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso
在VM中安装镜像
    普通安装即可

docker安装

检查系统内核
Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10
通过 uname -r 命令查看你当前的内核版本
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64

安装
Docker 软件包和依赖包已经包含在默认的 CentOS-Extras 软件源里，安装命令如下：
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install docker

查看docker版本
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:         1.13.1
 API version:     1.26
 ...

启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# service docker start

创建用户及组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd docker
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g docker docker

运行helloworld
[root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/hello-world ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/hello-world
1b930d010525: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:2557e3c07ed1e38f26e389462d03ed943586f744621577a99efb77324b0fe535
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

存出镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker save -o /home/xf/hello.tar docker.io/hello-world:latest

载入镜像
[root@localhost opt]# ls
hello.tar
[root@localhost opt]# docker load < hello.tar 
af0b15c8625b: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584 kB/3.584 kB
Loaded image: docker.io/hello-world:latest

查看容器
[root@localhost opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS               NAMES
ee386f20ddbd        hello-world         "/hello"            42 minutes ago      Exited (0) 41 minutes ago                          focused_agnesi
6bda0bca8a33        hello-world         "/hello"            About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago                       brave_franklin

删除容器
[root@localhost opt]# docker rm ee386f20ddbd
ee386f20ddbd

删除镜像
[root@localhost opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/hello-world   latest              fce289e99eb9        8 weeks ago         1.84 kB
[root@localhost opt]# docker rmi docker.io/hello-world
Untagged: docker.io/hello-world:latest
Deleted: sha256:fce289e99eb9bca977dae136fbe2a82b6b7d4c372474c9235adc1741675f587e
Deleted: sha256:af0b15c8625bb1938f1d7b17081031f649fd14e6b233688eea3c5483994a66a3
[root@localhost opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

查找并下载镜像
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# docker images
REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/ubuntu        latest              47b19964fb50        2 weeks ago         88.1 MB
docker.io/hello-world   latest              fce289e99eb9        8 weeks ago         1.84 kB
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# docker search -s 2 centos
Flag --stars has been deprecated, use --filter=stars=3 instead
INDEX       NAME                                        DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
docker.io   docker.io/centos                            The official build of CentOS.                   5209      [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/ansible/centos7-ansible           Ansible on Centos7                              120                  [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh                CentOS-6 6.10 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.5.1804 x...   106                  [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/consol/centos-xfce-vnc            Centos container with "headless" VNC sessi...   81                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56   centos6-lnmp-php56                              50                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   47                   
docker.io   docker.io/tutum/centos                      Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access      43                   
docker.io   docker.io/gluster/gluster-centos            Official GlusterFS Image [ CentOS-7 +  Glu...   40                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/openshift/base-centos7            A Centos7 derived base image for Source-To...   39                   
docker.io   docker.io/centos/postgresql-96-centos7      PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relationa...   37                   
docker.io   docker.io/centos/python-35-centos7          Platform for building and running Python 3...   33                   
docker.io   docker.io/kinogmt/centos-ssh                CentOS with SSH                                 25                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/centos/httpd-24-centos7           Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or b...   21                   
docker.io   docker.io/openshift/jenkins-2-centos7       A Centos7 based Jenkins v2.x image for use...   20                   
docker.io   docker.io/centos/php-56-centos7             Platform for building and running PHP 5.6 ...   19                   
docker.io   docker.io/pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev       CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag nam...   10                   
docker.io   docker.io/openshift/wildfly-101-centos7     A Centos7 based WildFly v10.1 image for us...   6                    
docker.io   docker.io/openshift/jenkins-1-centos7       DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based Jenkins v1.x i...   4                    
docker.io   docker.io/darksheer/centos                  Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly             3                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/pivotaldata/centos                Base centos, freshened up a little with a ...   2                    
docker.io   docker.io/pivotaldata/centos-mingw          Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile...   2                    
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# 
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# 
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# 
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
a02a4930cb5d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:184e5f35598e333bfa7de10d8fb1cebb5ee4df5bc0f970bf2b1e7c7345136426
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:latest
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# 
[root@localhost ddos_manager]# docker images
REPOSITORY              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/ubuntu        latest              47b19964fb50        3 weeks ago         88.1 MB
docker.io/hello-world   latest              fce289e99eb9        8 weeks ago         1.84 kB
docker.io/centos        latest              1e1148e4cc2c        2 months ago        202 MB
[root@localhost ddos_manager]#