spring4学习记录05-spring mvc实战之框架构建测试jpa借助spring-data实现自动化jpa

目标

测试jpa：实现通过jpa写入一条用户数据到数据库

借助springdata 实现自动化jpa

测试jpa

在上一章中只完成了 启动项目 通过User 实体Bean 自动建立表结构.
接下来 完成 编写测试类 写入数据到User中

配置spring文件

在上一章中 所有的配置文件全部在spring的一个配置文件当中，如果配置内容越来越多 不利于扩展，这里对spring配置文件进行切割

重命名applicationContext.xml

在上一章中 applicationContext.xml 里面写入了很多Bean的配置.把这个文件重命名为 spring-jpa-data.xml
spring-jpa-data.xml 中的内容为

  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa 
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
          ">

    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:custom.properties"/>

    
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
        
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.jx.springinaction.bean"/>
        
    bean>

    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="20"/>
        <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'"/>
        <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
        <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false"/>
        <property name="testOnReturn" value="true"/>
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="600000"/>
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="3600000"/>
    bean>

    
    <bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
        
        <property name="showSql" value="${jpa.showsql}"/>
        
        <property name="database" value="${jpa.database}"/>
        
        <property name="generateDdl" value="${jpa.generateDdl}"/>
    bean>

    
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    bean>

    
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
beans>

新建 spring-repository.xml

扫描 repository

  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
          ">

   
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.jx.springinaction.repository">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
    context:component-scan>
beans>

新建 spring-service.xml

扫描 service

  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
          ">
   
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.jx.springinaction.services">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>
    context:component-scan>
beans>

新建 applicationContext.xml

汇总所有的spring 配置文件

  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
          ">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-jpa-data.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-repository.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>




beans>

新建 repository

接口

package com.jx.springinaction.repository;

import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;

public interface UserRepository {

    void save(User user);

}

实现类

package com.jx.springinaction.repository.impl;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;
import com.jx.springinaction.repository.UserRepository;

@Repository
public class UserRepositoryImpl implements UserRepository{

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;            //注入entityManagerFactory

    @Override
    public void save(User user) {
        entityManager.persist(user);
    }
}

新建service

接口

package com.jx.springinaction.services;

import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;

public interface UserService {
    void save(User user);
}

实现类

package com.jx.springinaction.services.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;
import com.jx.springinaction.repository.UserRepository;
import com.jx.springinaction.services.UserService;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Override
    @Transactional
    public void save(User user) {
        userRepository.save(user);
    }
}

编写测试类

package inaction;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;
import com.jx.springinaction.services.UserService;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class Init {

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @Test
    public void test(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId("00xxxdsxffx");
        user.setName("张4");
        userService.save(user);
    }
}

测试执行test ok

附上结构图

借助springdata自动化处理jpa

引入需要的jar

打开pom文件加入依赖

    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.datagroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpaartifactId>
            <version>1.11.3.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>

修改spring-data-jpa.xml

加入
spring-data 会自动扫描这个包下目的所有继承了JpaRepository 的所有类

<jpa:repositories base-package="com.jx.springinaction.repository">jpa:repositories>

修改UserRepository

1 继承JpaRepository
2 删掉 UserRepository的 save方法

这个接口只是一个空的接口，目的是为了统一所有Repository的类型，其接口类型使用了泛型，泛型参数中T代表实体类型，ID则是实体中id的类型。代码如下:

package com.jx.springinaction.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, String>{

}

删除UserRepositoryImpl实现类

junit测试

测试类代码

package inaction;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.jx.springinaction.bean.User;
import com.jx.springinaction.services.UserService;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class Init {

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @Test
    public void test(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setId("springdatajpa");
        user.setName("张4");
        userService.save(user);
    }
}

数据库